An Examination Of Factors Affecting Students’ Behaviour In Cultural And Creative Arts

Project and Seminar Material for Fine Arts

An Examination Of Factors Affecting Students’ Behaviour In Cultural And Creative Arts


Abstract


This study is on an examination of factors affecting student behaviour in cultural and creative arts. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected secondary schools in Obi local government of Nasarawa state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up principals, vice principals administration, senior staff and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies


Chapter One


Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Cultural and Creative Arts education is a subject which leads children towards the understanding and appreciation of arts and culture. It develops the creative skills and aesthetic sensibilities of children. It involves the philosophy, psychology and sociology of education in learning situation. Cultural and Creative Arts programme is designed to meet the professional needs of students who plan to specialize in Fine Arts, Drama, and Music. Creative Arts provide and trains teachers for the schools and colleges. Nigerian government realizes the importance of Cultural and Creative Arts and therefore include it in the National Policy on Education (Federal Ministry of Education,1981, 2004, 2007).The teaching of the subject is compulsory in Junior Secondary School and it is made optional at the senior secondary level. To ensure successful implementation of this programme, the federal government provided Cultural and Creative Arts syllabus for all Junior Secondary Schools in Nigeria.

Crowder in Akolo (2000) perceived that a way of preserving the arts in Nigeria is to encourage effective teaching learning through provision of adequate materials and funds. Funds are not adequately allocated to Cultural and Creative Arts Secondary Schools principals. There is need for attitudinal change on the part of parents, teachers and school administrators as suggested by Olorukooba (1990; 2006); Mbahi,(1990; 2008). The attitudinal change on the part of the administrators is also part of the problem of the Cultural and Creative Arts. Teachers and students also make negative statements about Creative Arts to people in authority. Such attitudes have to change for the students to be receptive to the teaching of Cultural and Creative.


1.2 Statement of the Problem

Cultural and Creative Arts is one of the subjects introduced in the 9-Year Basic Education by the Federal Government of Nigeria as part of educational reform in the education sector. Nigeria is undergoing social change which necessitated that indigenous technology should be vigorously pursued yet, many classrooms where indigenous technology should be emphasized, and lack local resources that can arouse the interest of students. The neglect of local resources was due to the Western education that brought foreign influences in schools, including imported educational resources which are now lacking in schools. Consequently, the researcher observed during his visit to some schools that the CCA is taught without enough instructional resources, thereby hampering participation and performance of students in CCA. This may be as a result of lack of foreign and commercial CCA materials which were extensively used in the past but are no longer accessible to both students and their teachers which is the concern of this study. The scarcity was also due to the inflation and global economic melt-down which affected Nigerian foreign exchange and importation of some goods into the country, of which CCA instructional resources were part. As a result many commercial art materials for art works were contraband and no longer found in the open market. The teachers and students who were using foreign materials find it difficult to change to local resources which can easily be sourced from the environment. This situation makes teachers resort to verbalization of contents which otherwise would require concrete instructional resources. The students are not left out in the neglect of local resources. They avoid working on options involving such resource materials in mosaic, mural painting, calabash, pottery, clay, raffia and xylophone. Their scarcity also makes teachers present instructional resources haphazardly and deny learners the opportunity of laying their hands on the relevant instructional resources. The efficacy of local resources in CCA instruction is not known. The problem of this study, therefore, is absence of information on effects of local resources on achievement and interest of male and female students in Cultural and Creative Arts.


1.3 Objective of the Study

The objectives of the study are;

  1. To ascertain the effect of students’ behaviour on Cultural and Creative Arts.
  2. To ascertain influence of gender on the interest of students in Cultural and Creative Arts when taught
  3. To ascertain of type of instructional resources and school location on students’ interest in Cultural and Creative Arts
  4. To ascertain the factors affecting students’ behavior in cultural and creative arts

1.4 Research Hypotheses

For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;

  1. H0: there are no factors affecting students’ behavior in cultural and creative arts
    H1: there are factors affecting students’ behavior in cultural and creative arts
  2. H02: there is no effect of students’ behaviour on Cultural and Creative Arts.
    H2: there is effect of students’ behaviour on Cultural and Creative Arts.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will be practically significant to teachers, students, curriculum planners, textbooks writers and art practitioners in the society. This study also has theoretical significance which deals with theories and their influence on the teaching and learning of CCA using local resources. The cognitive art theories relate to how a child’s art is affected by the neurophysiologic state of the organism, its personality and its environment as guiding principles for the teaching and learning of CCA. The theories focus on artistic development of children in terms of their expression with material resources. The outcome of this study will help to clarify how adequate the use of local resources is in the process of teaching and learning of CCA and their effect on learners – interest, achievement, gender, and location. This study will provide information to art professional bodies on the local resources as alternative to commercial CCA materials. This information will be publicized in the professional journals which are sources of information dissemination. The information will help to make local resources popular. Such professional bodies include: Nigerian Society of Education through Art (NSEA), Nigerian Society of Artists (NSA), Post Primary Art Teachers’ Association (PPATA), etc. Finally, this study will contribute to knowledge regarding local resources and their effect on gender in the teaching and learning of CCA. It will generate interest of researchers who will also replicate this type of studies to confirm whether or not the utilization of local resources will affect the achievement and interest of students in CCA.


1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of the study covers an examination of factors affecting student behavior in cultural and creative arts. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;

a) Availability of Research Material:

The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study

b) Time:

The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

c) Organizational Privacy:

Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities.


1.7 Definition of Terms

Student Behaviour:

Understanding student behaviour. Behavior is defined as the way one acts or conducts oneself, especially towards others. It is often a response to a particular situation or stimulus. Behaviour cannot be addressed separately from learning and wellbeing

Culture:

Culture is the social behavior and norms found in human societies. Culture is considered a central concept in anthropology, encompassing the range of phenomena that are transmitted through social learning in human societies.

Creative Arts:

The use of the imagination or original ideas, especially in the production of an artistic work. This then begs the question: what are the creative arts? In relation to children, the creative arts are activities that engage a child’s imagination and can include activities such as art, dance, drama, puppetry, and music.


1.8 Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

  • Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
  • Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
  • Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
  • Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
  • Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

Chapter Five


Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Introduction

It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain an examination of factors affecting student behavior in cultural and creative arts

In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of an examination of factors affecting student behavior in cultural and creative arts


5.2 Summary

This study was an examination of factors affecting student behavior in cultural and creative arts. Five objectives were raised which included: To ascertain the effect of students’ behaviour on Cultural and Creative Arts, to ascertain influence of gender on the interest of students in Cultural and Creative Arts when taught, to ascertain of type of instructional resources and school location on students’ interest in Cultural and Creative Arts, to ascertain the factors affecting students’ behavior in cultural and creative arts. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of selected secondary schools in Obi local government of Nasarawa state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made up principals, vice principals administration, senior staff and junior staff were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies


5.2 Conclusion

The local instructional resources are as effective as commercial resources and capable of being a substitute to commercial resources since it is not superior to local resources in the teaching and learning of CCA. The reason is that the local resources are as efficacious as the commercial resources in terms of students’ achievement and interest in CCA. The performance of both male and female students was high enough when exposed to local resources. The interest shown by both male and female students was encouraging and promotes equality as they maintained high level of interest towards the subject. Therefore, there was no significant difference in the achievement and interest of male and female students taught CCA using local resources in urban and rural schools. Location of school was no barrier to the successful use of local resources in implementing CCA curriculum. Both the urban and rural students performed creditably well in the use of local resources in teaching and learning of CCA. Students had keen interest in the use of local resources which are cheap in learning CCA. Furthermore, local resources were successful too in influencing their academic performance positively


5.4 Recommendation

Based on the findings of this study the following recommendations are made:

  1. Cultural and Creative Arts teachers should endeavour to use local resources since they have been found to be effective in teaching the subject.
  2. Teachers in cooperation with the students should source the local resources which abound in their environment and use them in class work and projects.
  3. School administrators with the help of relevant ministries such as Ministry of Education should establish studios (workshops) for CCA work practice for primary and junior secondary schools where the local resources will be banked for the implementation of CCA curriculum.
  4. Schools should solicit for government sponsorship for seminars, exhibition and workshops which will further expose the students to CCA curriculum.

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