Investigation Into Level Of Services (A Case Study Of Egbejila Road)

Project and Seminar Materials for Civil Engineering CE

Abstract

This project was executed in order to investigate into level of service of Egbejila Road Ilorin west Local Government Kwara State and improvement options.

It was carried out to determine the rigidity quality, traffic characteristics and traffic volume study of the road, which was put into consideration in order to know what really cause the failure and how to determine the improvement option for such road. It was also discussed; some of the possible effect of contraction which leads to structural failure of defect of potholes, washout, suited culvert, edge brake etc. The use of questionnaire was introduced to know the opinion of people in Egbejila Community on what are the problems faced regarding the specific road.
It was also discussed; the common types of pavement failure in Egbejila road. Some pictures were taken from the road various types of failure on the road and the remedy option

Recommendations were also made on how to rectify pavement failure in order to restore the road to good standard during use

Table of Content

Content Page
Title page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of contents
List of Table
List of Pates

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Statement of the Problem
1.2 Aim and Objectives of the Research
1.3 Justification
1.4 Scope of the Study
1.5 Description of the Study
1.6 Methodology

Chapter Two

2.0 Literatures Review

2.1.0 Classification of Road
2.1.1 Classification according to the volume of traffic they handle
2.1.2 Classification according to the number lane in the road
2.1.3 Classification according to the area they travel
2.1.4 Classification according to the east of the Road
2.1.5 Classification according to Rigidity of the Road
2.2. Factors Influencing the Selection of the type of Base Surfacing
2.3 Earth Road
2.4 Gravel Road
2.5 Pavement Rehabilitation

Chapter Three

3.0 Data Collection

3.1 Introduction
3.2 The Study Area
3.3 Nature of Transportation Service in The area
3.4 Method of Data Collection
3.4.1 Failure observed on Egbejila Road Ilorin
3.5 Limitation of the Methodology
3.6 Traffic Volume Study

Chapter Four

4.0 Analysis and Discussion

4.1 Analysis of the Questionnaire
4.2 Pavement Defect/Failure
4.2.1 Types of Pavement Failure
4.3 Effect of Failure
4.4 Causes of the road pavement in Egbejila Community area, Ilorin West LOCAL Government area Kwara State
4.5 Traffic Characteristic
4.5.1 Average Traffic Volume
4.6 Summary and Discussion

Chapter Five

5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion
5.2 Recommendation
Reference

List of Tables

Table 3.3.1 Inventory of Road Defect along Egbejila Road in Ilorin West Local government Area of Kwara state 15
Table 3.3.1a Traffic Volume Study on 18-04-2016 1st week
Table 3.3.2b Traffic Volume Study on 20-04-2016
Table 3.3.3c Traffic Volume Study on 23-04-2016
Table 3.3.1b Traffic Volume Study on 27-04-2016 2nd week
Table 3.3.2b Traffic Volume Study on 29-04-2016
Table 3.3.3c Traffic Volume Study on 30-04-2016
Table 3.3.1c Traffic Volume Study on 03-05-2016 3rd week
Table 3.3.2b Traffic Volume Study on 05-05-2016
Table 3.3.3c Traffic Volume Study on 08-05-2016
Table 4.1 Traffic Characteristic can be Categories into following in tabular form
Table 4.2 The Definitions for Vehicular classes are provided
Table 4.3 Road Categories

List of Plate

Main entrance of Egbejila road
Potholes along the Road Chainage 0+200
Road damage Chainage 20+400
Potholes along the Road Chainage 39+500
Michael on Traffic Volume Study

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

Transportation and property are important physical and economic development of towns and cities all over the world. Level of service is qualitative measure used to relate the quality of traffic service. Level of service is used to analyze highways by categorizing traffic flow and assigning qualify level of traffic base on performance measured like speed density volume e.t.c. property and land value tend to increase in area with expanding transportation network, and increase less rapidly in areas without such improvements. Rapid and continued rise in housing and land prices are expected in cities with transportation improvement and rapid economic and population growth.
Road networks are observed in terms of its components of accessibility connectivity. Traffic density, level of service, compactness, and density of particular road Level of service is a measure by which the quality of service on transportation device or infrastructure is determined and it is a holistic approach considering several factor regarded as measures of traffic density and congestion rather than overall speed of the journey { Mannering, Walter, and Scott. 2004 }

The present position concerning Egbejila road which is in Ilorin west local government area of Kwara State, the only access road connecting villages and hamlets under the community, the road is about 40 kilometer and the entrance of the road is from Ilorin international airport road way. There are ditches of potholes at every spot of the road, the is un-tire and there is known drainage on the road side which water can pass through. A tour of the road revealed that about 10 village are under Egbejila community and include Boluwaji, Temidire, Obanisuwa, Egbejila, Ajegunle, Eru Oba, Budo Kawu among others. The long-strength road links to asa-dam area which has ditches of potholes too, it is against this background that this research analyzed the roads, determined the levels of accessibility, connectivity, traffic density of the road network is Egbejila community Ilorin.

1.1 Statement of the Problem

Road connecting many of the settlement are narrow and un-tire road have broken surface with a lot of potholes and there is know drainage on the road side which water can pass through, the volume number of vehicle is very low, because of the present condition of the road.

Inadequate transport service is generally insufficient and mostly irregular. This problem is prominent in Egbejila Road. The level of motorization is low in Nigeria at 20 vehicles per 1,000 people. These motorcycles to play important role in transporting by providing about 70 of vehicle fleet

Poor condition of vehicle, another problem identified by the respondent is that old transport fleet resulting in incessant breakdown of vehicles, delays and other inconveniences. The few vehicles that are available in the area are mostly in poor condition.

1.2 Aim and Objective of the Research

The aim of this research is to analyze the network of arterial road and other explanatory variable and commercial property values in Egbejila, while the specific objectives are to:

Analyze the arterial road network pattern in the study area.
Examine the spatial pattern and trend of demand, supply and values of commercial properties
Determine the traffic flow and the volume of the numbers of vehicles on the road.
Determine the contribution of individual explanatory variables to variability on the road.
Derive mode for predicting variability on the road in relation to the explanatory variables.

1.3 Justification

It is trait amongst earlier studies on accessibility in relation to road value that profitability and utility are determine by accessibility. The greater the accessibility of the location the greater the demand of the comparative advantage, and the greater of the comparative advantage the greater the demand for property at the location. The transport network and the location with good transport access to other areas have relative advantage are likely to be where transport route courage similarly estate surveyors wavers, with properties along major road and at point having greater value.

In addition, it is essential to establish a technique that may be useful for determine relative accessibility of location in the road network. Ever when relative advantage are determined, there is need to develop models that will be useful for predicting commercial property values in Nigeria.

1.4 Scope of the Study

Road may be classified as international, intercity or intra-city. International and inter-city road are usually major or arterial road, while intra-city road are routes within a city and may be minor or major. The study focused on investigation into level of service on a road in the intra-rural network of Egbejila. There are ten roads in Egbejila community and the entire road has the same problem.

Preliminary study revealed that there are three types of commercial properties in the study area. These are retail shop and petroleum station, and non-specific commercial properties. In respect of this research, focus was on shop and petroleum station of commercial uses.

Road network analysis was carried out to determine the level of service and accessibility and connectivity of nodal point as well as road and traffic densities in the hope of predicting commercial properties value along axes in Egbejila area were the focus of the research to the exclusion of secondary connector road. While the relationship between roads and commercial properties in Egbejila area were examined.

1.5 Description of Study Area

Egbejila community is in Ilorin west local government Ilorin Kwara State Nigeria.

In general contact, Kwara State is made up of Sixteen Local Government Area Egbejila road is a beehive of activities. It is largely populated by commercial motorcyclist popularly known as (Okada) who mostly ply the road from the junction to towns and villages in the area. A tour of the road revealed that about ten villages are under Egbejila community and this include Boluwaji,Eru Oba, Budokawa, Egbejila, Ajegunle, Temidire, Obanisuwa among others, no fewer than five filling station were suit along the road but only one is operating while the other are under lock and key for fear of attack by armed robbers because of the state of the road. The long-straightened road links to Asa Dam Area, the state House of Assembly and of Garage.

1.6 Methodology

Consultation will be made to many textbooks, question to local government ministers officers, journal and use of internet visits will also be made to the site in order to carryout survey on the road such as condition survey.
In orders to achieved this mission on condition survey the whole length of the road will be sighted to observed the on-site condition of the rural road such as the pavement measurement i.e the length, width and depth of the pavement, type of pavement failure on each point, surveying and collection of sample of map.

Chapter Five

5.0 Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion

In conclusion, base on the fact collected from conditional survey and questionnaire method seen distribution to the various organization bodies, the drivers and Elite people in Egbejila Community Area. The road failed due to lack of drainage and the bad formation of the soil, which as not be construct before, the road normally affect the mode of transportation during the raining season which lead to the low traffic performance

Summary of the result on the defects roads, on the conditional survey the major problem were the portholes, edge break and lack of drainage which normally increase traffic congestion to the road users or transporter. Also base on traffic volume count been conducted it shown in page 25, that the road has a low traffic characteristic.

Lastly all these problem mentioned affect the level of education, health, social amenities and infrastructure activities which lead to the wasted of most of their agricultural product and low price of the commodities
Also government policies highly recognized the importance of marketing to the commercialization of agriculture and expansion of agricultural productivities, government of the state of local government should performed adequate support in order to improved road is not exist.

5.2 Recommendation

In order to improve the state of rural road, so that failure will become a things of the past and based on the information gathered and analysis of relevant data collected on the research work the following recommendation are here given .

Proper planning: planning is the bedrock of every success full project. If we are to improved on how the state of rural road materials we need to plan before, during and after the project execution
Climate condition: climate condition must be checked before the commencement of the project to present delay during the execution alteration in the construction. Also it affect the choice of materials and dominates (influence) design and performance.
Both the federal and state ministry of works (FMW)or (SMW) should ensure that their organization parastaltal also in charge of road maintenance like FERMA and KWARMA carryout regular inspection and maintenance on the roads this will ensure effectiveness and higher efficiency on rural road. Also proper monitoring on the traffic capacity of the road should be ensured to determine the need to be singly or dualized.
The engineer should make provision for the design of the drainage system in order to protect the road from surfaced and ground water. It water is allowed to penetrate the structure of the road pavement will be weakened and it will be more susceptive to drainage by traffic and the road surface must be constructed into the drainage system.
The road contract should always be awarded to contractor on merit not on political bases
Stakeholder in the construction industry should ensure that the road agencies like federal road safety corps (FRSC) vehicle inspection officer (VIO). Federal road maintenance agency (FERMA) and individual saddled with the responsibility of road maintenance carryout routine surveillance services to detect failure at early stages, this will not only prevent massive road rehabilitation but provide comfort ability for road users, reduces the rate of accident and traffic congestion. Create a high level of safety against highways robbery attack.
Embrace quality material: we must use quality material for rural road construction and make sure that all the required step for road construction are strictly followed.