The Pronominal System Of Annang And The Concept Of Pronominalization

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The Pronominal System Of Annang And The Concept Of Pronominalization

Abstract

Anaang language is a lower cross language sub-group spoken in eight L.G.areas of Akwa Ibom State in Nigeria. This language is spoken in the community of Ibiakpan Akanawan in Ikot Ekpene Local Government. The pronominal system of Anaang is considered to be an integral part of this language. This research work will serve as a veritable resource and reference material for further linguistic research on this language, develop the language through vital documentation and most importantly, it will be of immense benefits to Annang language community in the nearest future especially for economic development.

Chapter One

Introduction

Preliminary Remarks

This chapter gives a general introduction of this research work covering background of the study, classification of African languages, history of Ibiakpan Community in Ikot Ekpene, purpose of the study, scope of the study, significance of the study, method of data collection and delimitation of the study.

Pronouns belong to the closed class or system of words because like the preposition, they are fixed in number. A pronoun is used instead or in place of a noun or noun phrase, mostly to avoid the undesired or unnecessary repetition of that noun or noun phrase.

To put it more simply, a pronoun substitutes or replaces any nominal category which are nouns and noun phrases for instance, in the sentence below.

“Mary told Mfon’s guest that Mfon was away and that Mfon would return soon”

On the other hand to avoid redundancy and unnecessary repetition, the sentence would better be written as Mary told Mfon’s guest, that he was away and he would return soon”.

It is evident and obvious that the pronoun can only substitute or replace a noun that has already been mentioned in a construction and this noun is called the ANTECEDENT OF THE PRONOUN.

According to Essien (1990:138), “pronoun are said to stand for or replace nouns, not just nouns but the entire noun phrase for which the noun is a part”.

In modern syntactic analysis, we do not only deal with pronouns but also the process of changing a noun or noun phrase or nominal element into a pronoun and this is known as PRONOMINALIZATION.
In this research, titled, “the pronominal system of Annang”. Various kinds of pronouns are analysed and the process of pronominalization will also be x-rayed, as it affects this language.

This chapter therefore, is the complete overview as well as the general introduction to the work.

1.2 Background Of The Study

Anaang People And Their Language

Anaang tribe is made up of a homogenous group of people with common linguistic heritage albeit with slight variations of Ika, Abak, Ukanafun and Ikot Ekpene. The language is used as first language (L1) by the indigenes of the present Abak, Essien Udim, Ikot Ekpene, Obot Akara, Oruk Anam, Etim Ekpo, Ukanafun and Ika Local Government Areas of Akwa Ibom State.

Annang tribe constitutes the second largest ethnic group in Akwa Ibom State after Ibibio. They number 1.4 million following 1991 census result (Okorukpong 1999). They occupy the North-Western part of Akwa Ibom State covering a total area of 2.73sq. kilometers. They are bounded by the people of Abia State to the North, Rivers State to the West, the Ibibio to the South and North-East. Details on the origin, migration and culture of the Annang people are published in Umoren U. E. (ed) 1997 in a Journal entitled AFE: ANAANG JOURNAL OF MINORITIES STUDIES VOL. 1. NO.

1.2.1 Classification Of Anaang Language

Language classification is based on many factors: genetic, socio-linguistics and geo-demography.
Genetically, Anaang is a lower-cross language, of the Benue-Congo sub-family in the Niger-Congo family of languages according to Greenberg’s (1963) classification. In a new classification by Connell (1991), Urua (1992) Annang belongs to a Central Lower Cross group of the Lower Cross Languages with which Ibibio, Efik, and Ukwa belong and also forms a cluster of Languages. In other words, Annang is related to Efik, Ibibio and Ukwa languages as such could be called language cluster

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Summary

In this research work on the pronominal system of Anaang, an attempt has been made to identify the various pronounce in Anaang and classify them according to their function. We have been able to find out how the process of pronominalization works. The work is divided into five chapters.

The background of the study, purpose of the study, its significance, scope, method of data collection and delimitation of the study are explored in chapter one.

Chapter two reviewed related literature on pronominal system of some languages by language scholars.

Chapter three discussed the data presentation and analysis with different types of pronouns namely; personal pronouns, reflexive pronouns, interrogative pronouns, demonstrative pronouns, relative and possessive pronouns, respectively. Personal pronouns are said to be different from other types because they mark grammatical categories such as person, number, gender and case.

It also delved into pronominalization process which is a process of turning a noun, noun phrase or nominal element into a pronoun.

Chapter four explored the results and findings of discussions in the pronominals of Anaang language.

Conclusion and Recommendation

As noted earlier, pronoun is the commonest substitute for the noun or noun phrase and that the pronoun often refers to a noun that have previously been mentioned or stated.

Descriptively we have been able to note the distributional patterns and the various forms can be found.
This research work recommends that language scholars, communities and governments have prominent roles to play especially in the area of documentation in Ibiakpan Anaang, the pronouns as it is yet to be known total inherent in this language.

On the whole, this research work will serve as a veritable resource and reference material for further research in Anaang language to any scholar interested in working on the pronouns of Anaang Language.

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