Construction And Design Of Traffic Light

Project and Seminar Material for Industrial Chemistry

Design And Construction Of Traffic Light

Abstract

Traffic light is one of the vital public facilities plays an important role to the road user. Traffic light has proved to be an amazing way to slop the vehicular collision and control the traffic jams. Traffic lights will improve the road safety and reduce congestion by providing the signals orderly through junctions. Proteus PCB design combines the schematic capture and ARES PCB layout programs to provide a powerful integrated and easy to use suite of tools for professional PCB Design. We have designed a series of high performance PCB designs for a wide range of applications such as automotive, electrical, and electronic circuits. The design includes a 555 timer IC in an Astable mode for generating highly Accurate free running waveforms whose output frequency can be adjusted by means of an externally connected RC tank circuit consisting of two resistors and a capacitor. The outputs of the circuit are IC, IC and IC. The circuit is based on copper clad PCB. The IC is fabricated by using a solar based multi battery charger. The PCB is etched with ferric chloride solution containing a small amount of Hydro Choleric Acid for increasing activeness of Ferric Chloride in etching. This circuit includes an internal transformer, bridge rectifier, a filter capacitor, and an IC with a voltage-to current and current-to-voltage convener. It can be used in coupling, DC blocking and by-pass circuits while plain foil electrolytic’s are best suited as smoothing capacitors in power supplies. This project is to design a safe and efficient traffic flow and to assign the right way to minimize delay waiting time in road.

Chapter One

Introduction

Traffic lights are used to control the vehicular traffic. Now a day the road accident is increasing clay by day due to careless driving. Breaking of traffic rules. Insufficient traffic police and absence of traffic control system on the road. Everyone has different types of vehicles resulting in rise to the numbers of vehicles. Traffic light is the one of the vital public facilities plays an important role to the road user. Traffic signal light is used to control the movement of vehicles and passengers so that traffic can flow smoothly and safety. Traffic signals lights have been around for years and arc used to efficiently control traffic through intersection. Although traffic signal light are relatively simple, they are critical for ensuring the safety of the driving area. That’s why traffic lights are used to avoid traffic jams and accidents. The growing use of traffic lights attests to their effectiveness in directing traffic flow, reducing the number of accident.

Figure1.1 traffic signal light

1.2 Project:

These projects consist of two IC 555 and 4017. IC 555 is connected as astable multivibrator which generates the square wave which is determined by resistor, capacitor and potentiometer. The square wave is generated at output pins of IC 555 is given to the IC 4017, because the output pin of IC 555 is connected to the input pin of IC 4017.

1.3 Advantages:

Traffic signals lights will improve the road safety and reduce congestion by providing the signals orderly through junctions. Traffic control lights are provided for traffic control on streets and highways. The traffic signals are cyclically displayed through a suitable timing and control mechanism. A traffic light has three colours which are RED, Yellow and green. Each colour has their own signs. The red light means the driver has to stop their driving. The yellow light indicates that driver has to ready to stop their ride. However if the driver is too close to the line that is not safe to stop, theyhave to continue driving. Green light gives the driver free license to drive through the intersection. Traffic light has proved to be an amazing way to slop the vehicular collision and control the traffic jams.

1.4 Disadvantages:

Failure of signal due to electric power failure.
Improper design and location of signal may lead to violation of control system.
Circuit diagram is complex so there are chances of short circuit.

1.5 Future Scope:

Nowadays there are so many researches that have been done in order to enhance the traffic light function to improve the movement of the vehicle flow on the road especially at the junctions. Based on observation and researches, the condition now is fixed time mode. It means the timer for all of roads are constant timer. It cannot detect a busy and non-busy road we use the traffic signal in which delay time is displayed on the signal this project is using Verilog HDL (hardware description language) to write coding for simulation and using gate logic to implement in hardware.

Chapter Five

Conclusion

The improvement of town traffic condition is largely dependent on the modem ways of traffic management and control. Advanced traffic signal controllers and control system contribute to the improvement of the urban traffic problem. The intelligent of traffic signal controller that is introduced in this project with powerful functions and hardware interface. Before design the circuit and program. it is important to understand and identify the problem of the system. First, a block diagram or structure for traffic controller systems must be design. Referring an interface block diagrams we know the inputs, outputs, types and the number of states are uses in this project.The purposes of this project are to design a safe and efficient traffic flow and to assign the right way to minimize delay waiting time in road. This project, a traffic light controller is to improve the movement of the vehicles on the road at the junctions.

This project is design to add direction movement and to change the timing for green timer. This project also can detect a busy and non-busy road. For examples, the long timer is remaining at the same road if the other road has no vehicle and the long timer is ‘off when have vehicle in the next road. The intelligent traffic light controller was chosen because to practice designing a program and implementing a sequential machine in hardware using the gate logic. When using this product, it will be able to reduce a traffic jam in road, to avoid an accident and it also to minimize a waiting time. I believe that my product is very brilliant idea to solve a traffic jam. This is because almost of the traffic controller in city using a semi-actuated timer mode. This mode only can sense the vehicle in the side street. That why; I believe that mv product is better compare with the others product. Actually, the application of this product is used actuated timer mode, that means there are detection all approaches, main Street.