Importance Of Accounting To Non Profit Making Business

Project and Seminar Material for Accountancy / Accounting

Abstract

This study is on importance of accounting to non profit making business. The total population for the study is 200 members of selected churches in Awkunawna, in Isiagu local government of Enugu state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made human resource cashiers, elders, brothers and sisters were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

The applications of Accounting Information have contributed to the growth and development of every business entity. Non-profit making organization on the other hand has immensely benefited from accounting information to survive, integrate and stabilize in this current economic recession in the country. Any of the non-profit making organization that neglect the roles and impacts of accounting information will at the end of the day fold up. Many churches today have split, folded up, merged with another due to claims that the church funds has been embezzled, diverged and mismanaged where the committee or the priest concerned fails to present and document financial records of the church. This has created loopholes for the spreading of churches at every street and corners; hence churches are seen as the fastest means of making money. Grace of God Mission started in the late seventies, but was registered as a corporate body under the “Land Perpetual Succession Act Lap 98” on 14th October, 1980. Grace of God Mission as one of the leading and dynamic Pentecostal churches in Nigeria has a network of branches across each region of Nigeria and some branches outside Nigeria. However, Awkunanaw began as a local church branch in 1984 under the pastoral care of late Rev. Raymond Iwundu. The church at Awkunanaw grew like mustard seed to its summit as a Division Headquarter in 1997 having five (5) district churches and 23 local churches under her control.

1.2 Statement of Problem

The persistent increase in cost of ineffective management of accounting information in church has caused schisms, folding up, breaking away and springing up of mushroom churches.

This project proposes to examine whether the church can survive, grow, stabilize under this atmosphere.

To examine whether the inability of the priest to keep adequate financial information is responsible for crisis and break up of churches.
To find out the problem that could likely be encountered or created where unqualified hand handles accounting information of the church.

1.3 Objective of the Study

Noted hereunder are specific objectives, which the project is designed to achieve:

To find out the impacts of accounting to nonprofit making organization.
To find out importance of accounting information to the church
To see how accounting information could b e applied in the church
To identity the problem created when accounting information is not used in the church
To find out the problem associated with unqualified hand handling accounting information.

1.4 Research Hypotheses

H0: Church cannot break away where the priest does not keep adequate financial information.
H1: The church can break away where the priest keeps inadequate financial information.
H0: Accounting information may not create problems where unqualified hand handles it.
H1: Accounting information may create problems where unqualified hand handles it.

1.5 Significance of the Study

The critical analysis of this work will be very beneficial to non-profit making organizations especially the churches. It will serve as a better information guide to churches who wish to apply accounting information. It will help all to appreciate the impacts of accounting information not to the non-profit making organization but to profit oriented businesses.

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Stduy

This work covers the area of impact of accounting accompanying accounting information to Non-profit making organization with reference to Grace of God Mission Awkunanaw.

During the course of the research, the researcher faced the following problems.

Financial constraint
Time constraint
Dearth of statistical information
Lack of adequate research facilities

1. Financial Constraint:

For the fact that the researcher is a student, the lacked the necessary finance to carryout extensive research on the topic,

2. Time Constraint:

The researcher as a student also have academic activities which limited the time used for the project other than what it would have been. Also considering the shortness of the semester and the time of submission of this project, there was not enough time left for the project work.

3. Death of Statistical Information:

Facts were not easy to come about during the course of the project work. I was subjected to unnecessary protocol at the expenses of my limited time before getting some facts.

4. Lack of Adequate Research Facilities:

The research was faced with lack of adequate research facilities like up-to-date information and non-availability of relevant textbooks. Most of the textbooks used for the project discussed on non-profit making organization as it related to social clubs, institution organizations and cheatable organization.

1.7 Definition of Terms

The terms used in this project work has been simplified to enable even the least literate person to understand easily. To this end almost complete elimination of technical works or expressions has been made. This has been made in order to make sure that the information sought for from this work is got at a glance. Nevertheless, some few technical words may include:

1. Accounting

This is the act of recording, classifying and summarizing in a systematic manner and in terms of money, transactions and events which are, in part at least, of a financial character, and interpreting the result thereof.

2. Information

This is processed data. Data are merely facts and figures that have little to do with decisions.

3. Planning

It is setting goals and ways to achieve them

4. Surplus

It is excess income over expenditure

5. Deficit

It is excess expenditure over income

6. Journal

A book of original entry listing transactions affecting general ledger accounts in chronological order in terms of their debit and credit amount.

7. Ledger

A book containing the individual accounts of a business entity.

8. Voucher

A written authorization to pay individual or company whose name appear in the vouchers. Usually contain the name of the individual or company to be paid, the amount of payment, signature authorizing of payment, the reasons for payment, signature authorizing the payment and the accounts to be debited or credited as a result of the payment.

9. GGM:

Grace of God Mission

10. Tithes

Calculated 10% of one’s income

11. Board Members

Members of Elders, Deacons and Deaconesses

12. Church Workers

The Exco of various wings and departments in the church.

13. Members

Those who do not hold any position in the church but they belong to the church.

1.8 Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Introduction

It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain importance of accounting to nonprofit making business

In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of importance of accounting to nonprofit making business

5.2 Summary

This study aimed at having a critical analysis of importance of accounting to nonprofit making business. Five objectives were raised which included: To find out the impacts of accounting to nonprofit making organization, to find out importance of accounting information to the church, to see how accounting information could b e applied in the church, to identity the problem created when accounting information is not used in the church, to find out the problem associated with unqualified hand handling accounting information. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 members of selected churches in Awkunawna, in Isiagu local government of Enugu state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made human resource cashiers, elders, brothers and sisters were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies

5.3 Conclusion

Following the typology by Hausmann (1980), Tampere Short Film Association is a donative nonprofit while it receives most of its income in the form of grants. More precisely, it s a mutual non-profit, while being controlled by the main funder, the city of Tampere. The network approach enabled the researcher to identify different actors, resources and activities in the development process of the case organisation and its stakeholder nets. The audiences introduced by Hill et al (1997) are relevant also for the case organisation. However, the international nature of the service (event) provided by TFF adds another level of networks to the complexity of the activity context of the case company. Commercialisation of non-profit organizations as a concept is not well defined in the theory. On the basis of this study I would define it as a strategic process of developing an organisation’s mission into products and services (productising?), marketing and management of stakeholder relations and relationships, both internal and external

5.4 Recommendation

The researcher hereby recommend that any non profit organization for easy running and genuine of the organization without downfall of the organization financially, they should hire a professional accountant that can handle their financial issues