Time Management Among University Students

Project and Seminar Material for Business Administration and Management BAM

Abstract

The aim of the current research was to determine the relationship between time management skills and academic achievement of the students. Time management is very important and it may actually affect individual’s overall performance and achievements. A good time management is vital for students to excel academically. The usage of time by students in higher education institutions is related to their daily routines and activities. However, some of the students do not have good time management skills and this has negatively affected their life and their academics. In this regard, data was collected from the students of University of Abuja to analyze how effectively they are managing their time for achieving their academic standards. Conclusions and recommendations were also made based on results obtained from the research work.

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Time management is at the core of labour productivity in any sector of the economy. Labour productivity itself is considered most vital in ensuring output growth as well as national development. In most countries, it is observed that labour contributes over 65% to GDP which makes it an essential factor of production. (Beggs, Fisher and Dornbush 2000; Lipsey and Chrystal 2005). Premised on this consideration, it is important that efficiency is factored into labour utilization which is the place of time management. The observation of most researchers is that labour can only be what it has been trained to be (Sorkin 1992). Hence it has been advanced that in the formative days of labour, the essence of time management should be taught to students as well as ensuring that they inculcate the practices of time management. This brewing stage in most countries is the university stage. It is therefore pertinent that the practice of time management amongst Nigeria undergraduate students be evaluated. This is done using undergraduate students as case study.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Numerous problems confront students in Nigeria. These problems are often time responsible for their weak performances in academic chores. Ranging from financial inadequacy to inadequacy of time, the Nigerian student is often beset with divers problems (Aghenta 2007). While this study undertakes the implications of time management on students’ performance, it confronts the problems of using reliable variables in its findings.

How does an average university student actually spend his/her time while in school?
What are those factors that actually affect his or her study time utilization?
Does study time utilization vary directly with sex, age, marital status, income and level of study?

In developing countries where students have a lot of issues during academic journey, time management is one of such issues. Time management practices have an impact on the results of students as empirical studies done by past researchers. In spite of knowing about the impact of time on academic achievement, this relationship is not given importance by the students (Sevari& Kandy, 2011). At higher education level, the study schedule must properly planned, implemented and controlled for better results. Emphasizing time also helps to develop cost effective educational policies by the authorities especially at higher education level (Kaushar, 2013). Ongoing problem of scarcity of knowledge in connection with time management and academic outputs is due to lack of easiness and of costly ways of collecting data. Driven by this fact, particular emphasis has been paid in the modern education system

1.3 Objectives of the Study

This study has the following objectives’

To find out how an average university students spend his or her time when school is in session.
To find out the problems students encounter in time management.
To find out if there is a relationship between age, sex, level of study, marital status and parental background with time management.
To assist students to have command on how effectively utilize their time management for their academic achievements.
To find the interrelation between time management and academic achievements of the students.
To create an attempt to fill the gaps exist in the research of time management and academic achievements of the students.
To explore more and more knowledge of time management and academic achievement of the students.

1.4 Research Hypotheses

Ho: There is no significant relationship between time management and students’ sex.
Hi: There is significant relationship between time management and students’ sex.
Ho: There is no significant relationship between time management and students’ age.
Hi: There is significant relationship between time management and students’ age.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will be of immense benefit to curriculum constructors in the education sector as well as students. Essentially, students will know more if how they manage their time has a bearing on the level of their academic performance. This study will also be useful to other researchers who intend to carry out similar research work.

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

This study is primarily concerned with time management among university students. This study/project work covers university of Abuja, Abuja, Nigeria. The researcher encountered some constraints, which limited the scope of the study. These constraints include but are not limited to the following

a) Availability of Research Material:

The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study

b) Time:

The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Time:

You use time to refer to a period of time or a point in time, when you are describing what is happening then. For example, if something happened at a particular time that is when it happened. If it happens at all times, it always happens.

Management:

The process of dealing with or controlling things or people

Time Management:

Time management is the process of organizing and planning how to divide your time between specific activities.

1.8 Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows

Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Introduction

It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain a critical analysis of time management among university students

In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of students’ poor academic performance due to poor time management.

5.2 Summary

This study aimed at having a critical analysis of time management among university students. Six objectives were raised which included: To find out the problems students encounter in time management, to find out if there is a relationship between age, sex, level of study, marital status and parental background with time management, to assist students to have command on how effectively utilize their time management for their academic achievements, to find the interrelation between time management and academic achievements of the students, to create an attempt to fill the gaps exist in the research of time management and academic achievements of the students.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the above findings pertaining to the objectives of the study, the following conclusions are drawn. All in all, we found out that time management is highly related to the academic performance of the university students. That is, as our research study has shown that successful students are good time managers. As a result of this, it was determined that student’s behavior in the category of time planning was at the highest level and behavior in the category of time management was at the lowest level. The success of students was above average. There was a significant and positive relation between time planning, time management and academic performance of the students. There was a low and positive relation between time consumers and academic achievement, there was a meaningful moderate relation between time management and academic achievement. Time management scores of the student’s show the way to score of academic achievement as concluded that students who scored poor in academic achievement gained significantly lower in time-management. There found an association found between time management practices, academic achievements and stress reduction as the research study demonstrated that an association exists between anxiety lessening, practices of time management and higher academic success. Moreover, there is an association between time management abilities and educational outcomes. Giving time to studies outside the class or at home have some positive impacts on the studies and spending more time working have some negative impacts on the outputs of student

5.3 Recommendation

From findings, it was obvious that effective time management is a tool for student performance. Thus, it is recommended that students should adhere strictly to effective time management in order to excel in academics. The following time management tips are also recommended:

List the main time wasting situations and explain why these situations arise.
Avoid attempting too many tasks at the same time. Allocate time to every duty.
Make use of technology time savers and use the most appropriate form of technology for your purpose.

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