A Study On Impact Of Education On Diabetes Control And Complication (A Case Study Of Some Villages Around Tambuwal Metropolis)

A Study On Impact Of Education On Diabetes Control And Complication (A Case Study Of Some Villages Around Tambuwal Metropolis)
Abstract
The prevalence of diabetes and its complications are major public health issues globally, regionally and locally. Notable complications and consequences of diabetes are stroke, blindness, amputation, death etc. Inadequate knowledge of diabetes, negative attitude and perception about diabetes are usually the root causes of diabetes complications and consequences. The objective of this study was to examine the influence of diabetes knowledge, attitude and beliefs about diabetes control and complication among persons living with diabetes in the Tambuwal Metropolis. A cross-sectional research design was adopted for this study and questionnaire was employed in the data collection. A sample size of 150 diabetes patients compromising of 117 females and 33 males, with age range of 35-75, were selected using systematic random sampling. The study was conducted in the Tambuwal Central Hospital in the Tambuwal Metropolis. The study used knowledge and attitude of respondents to measure education on diabetes control and complication. Pearson correlation was used to determine the association between diabetes patients’ knowledge and self-care practice and between attitude of diabetes patients and self-carepractice. A Linear Regression analysis was used to determine how diabetes care is influenced by belief of diabetes patients.
Adherence to Selfcare Practice is influenced by diabetes patients’ knowledge about diabetes and their attitudes towards the diabetes disease. However, diabetes patients’ belief about diabetes did not predict Selfcare Practice adherence. It is therefore recommended that, health professionals including nurses, dieticians, doctors etc. should adapt more counseling skills and also, should adapt awareness creation and behavior change communication to impact diabetes knowledge, positive perception and attitude towards diabetes.
Table of Content
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Problem Statement
- 1.3 Purpose of the Study
- 1.4 Objectives of the Study
- 1.5 Research Questions
- 1.6 Hypothesis
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Significance of the Study
- 1.9 Limitations of the Study
- 1.10 Definition of Terms:
Chapter Two:
Review of Related Literature
- 2.1 Theoretical Review
- 2.2 Conceptual Review
- 2.3 Conclusion
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Study Site
- 3.3 Study Design
- 3.4 Study Population
- 3.5 Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
- 3.6 Sample Size Calculation
- 3.7 Sampling Technique and Procedure for Data Collection
- 3.8 Study Variables
- 3.9 Data Collection Tools
- 3.10 Data Analysis
- 3.11 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Analysis and Result Presentation
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Independent Variables Categories
- 4.3 Testing of Hypotheses
- 4.4 Discussion
Chapter Five:
Conclusion and Recommendations
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendations
- REFERENCES
- APPENDIX
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Diabetes is a disease whereby a human (or any other animal) has high sugar in the blood due to either insufficient insulin or when the produced insulin cannot be used by the body effectively (World Health Organization, 2016). Diabetes is a group of metabolic chronic diseases characterized by high sugar in the blood. There are basically three types of diabetes namely, type 1, type 2 and gestational diabetes (GD). Type 1 diabetes used to be called an insulin dependent, juvenile or childhood-onset diabetes. It is genetic in nature and it is usually diagnosed at childhood and adolescence but then it’s usually noted later in life. Current knowledge shows that type 1 diabetes is unpreventable (World Health Organization, 2016). Type 1 is usually uncommon as compared to type 2 (Chouhan & Shalini, 2006).
Type 2 diabetes occurs owing to the inability or unfitness of the body to effectively use the produced insulin. Type 2 is also be called non-insulin-dependent or adult- onset diabetes (World Health Organization, 2016). This type is usually caused by living a sedentary lifestyle. This is the commonest type of diabetes among adults worldwide and can be prevented or delayed (Sakane et al., 2011). Gestational diabetes occurs during pregnancy though a temporal condition, it can lead to type 2 diabetes in the long run and can also induce pregnancy and delivery complications (World Health Organization, 2016). In the US alone, gestational reported cases range from 2% to 10% in pregnancies. There is 35% to 60% probability of getting type 2 diabetes in women living with gestational diabetes (Facts & Diabetes, 2011).
Diabetes is a major and a serious public health issue not only in Nigeria but worldwide. Globally, in 2014,422 million had diabetes and the number rose to about 425 million people in 2017.
It is projected that this will rise to about 629 million. In Africa an estimated number of over 16 million people suffer from diabetes, which is expected to increase up to around 41 million people by 2045 (International Diabetes Federation, 2017). This prevalence comes with some economic and health burden.
In 2017, 518,400 Nigeriaians were estimated to have the diabetes disease which is reported to be increasing daily and the prevalence rate was estimated to be 5%. Also diabetes related deaths in Nigeria (among ages 20-79 years) amounted to 9,778 (International Diabetes Federation, 2017). Diabetes is one of the major causes of heart attacks, blindness, lower limb amputation just to mention a few (Facts & Diabetes, 2011).
Persistent high blood glucose, smoking, high cholesterol and excessive alcohol intake are some of the factors that can contribute to the risk of developing complications. Through adherence to medical treatment (taking medications as prescribed, to control their cholesterol and blood sugar) and diabetes care (regular checkup, regular exercise, healthy eating etc.), complications can be reduced drastically. Previous studies have shown that, sociodemographic and psychological factors are associated with diabetes education (Mogre, Abanga, Tzelepis, Johnson, & Paul, 2017).
1.2 Problem Statement
The prevalence of diabetes and its complications are major public health issues globally, regionally and locally. According to International Diabetes Federation (2017), in 2017, 518,400 Nigeriaians were estimated to have the diabetes disease and it is reported to be on the increase at 5% prevalence rate. According to the records unit of the Tambuwal Central Hospital, the total number of diabetes patients who visited the hospital for the years 2016 and 2017 were 1065 and 2023 respectively. It must be noted that, the reported cases were prevalence. As a chronic condition, there were add up of new cases to the existing patients. This is very alarming. Recently, diabetes has become one of the leading causes of deaths worldwide and Nigeria is not an exception. According to the World Health Organization (2016), about 1.6 million people died due to diabetes globally in 2015 and in Nigeria diabetes related deaths (among ages 20-79 years) in 2017 was 9,778 (International Diabetes Federation, 2017). Most of the people who die are the adult group and usually, those with type 2 diabetes. The adult group is the active and working class who serve as the backbone for any country’s development as they are the main source of production.
So, when the active group are being killed by the diabetes disease, there will be low productivity and can lead to underdevelopment (high indebted poor country). If effective measures are not put in place to reduce the complications (blindness, stroke, amputation etc.) and consequences (death, loss of job etc.), social selection can set in and its consequences may be costly. Previous studies have shown that, diabetes care providers give little support for diabetes patients’ self-management and also, diabetes care are not provided close to the patients (Mwangome, Geubbels, Klatser, & Dieleman, 2017). Much concentration is given to the biomedical (much reliance on drugs/medication) aspect of diabetes healthcare services than the education and awareness factors (knowledge, attitude and belief). However, existing evidence have shown that, knowledge, attitude and belief are related to diabetes care (Ahmed et al., 2015), (Services, 2014). Therefore, there is the need to ensure effective measures such as diabetes care education for both care providers and patients (self-care).
Existing literature has shown that diabetes-care education helps in improving health status and quality of life (Facts & Diabetes, 2011).
Existing literature have also shown that, some diabetes patients do not have accurate knowledge about diabetes (especially in Africa) and this affects their diabetes care (Mohammadi, 2015). In addition, most existing literature on diabetes do not consider the beliefs or perceptions of persons living with diabetes, though this affect their selfcare practice.
Furthermore, most of the literature give much attention to the influence of knowledge and attitude on selfcare than the influence of patients’ perceptions or beliefs on diabetes care especially in Nigeria, and Northern Region precisely.
Hence, this research work seeks to determine the level of diabetes education through knowledge, attitudes and beliefs among persons with diabetes and to find out whether it is associated with their diabetes care. The findings will add to existing literature on diabetes and to inform persons living with diabetes, public health experts, diabetes care providers and policy makers, on the development and improvement on existing policies, treatments(care/management) and interventions.
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to investigate impact of education on diabetes control and complication with Tambuwal metropolis as case study
1.4 Objectives of the Study
- To determine diabetes patients’ knowledge about diabetes and how it affects their diabetes care.
- To examine the attitudes of persons with diabetes and how it affects diabetes care.
- To determine how the beliefs of persons living with diabetes affects diabetes care
1.5 Research Questions
- Does knowledge about diabetes affect diabetes care among persons living with diabetes?
- Do the attitudes of persons living with diabetes affect diabetes care?
- Do diabetes patients’ beliefs affect diabetes cares among persons living with diabetes?
1.6 Hypothesis
- H1: Diabetes patients’ knowledge on diabetes will significantly affect their diabetes care.
- H2: There will be positive relationship between attitudes of diabetes patients and diabetes care
- H3: Diabetes patients’ belief will positively affect their diabetes care.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study centred on knowledge, attitude as belief as indicators of education on diabetes among diabetes patients. The work was concentrated on villages around Tambuwal metropolis and could be different from other area.
1.8 Significance of the Study
There is no much research on assessing patient’s knowledge, attitude and belief about diabetes and its association with diabetes care. As such, this study seeks to examine the knowledge, attitude and belief of persons living with diabetes and selfcare among Tambuwal Central Hospital diabetes patients.
Health is holistic and as such the psychosocial and demographic determinants needs to be ensured. knowing diabetes patients’ knowledge, belief and attitude towards diabetes and diabetes care will help in reducing the prevalence, complications and burden of diabetes globally and locally.
The finding of this study will not only add to knowledge on existing literature on diabetes but will assist healthcare professionals, policy makers and diabetes patients in making informed decisions.
1.9 Limitations of the Study
The study used a qualitative approach to explore the subject matter and may suffer from individual opinions and judgments. Therefore the result of the finding depends on and the selected respondents and management of the respondents perception, reaction and weight given to the study. Since the nature of the subject matter and the study design was based on opinion and experiences of the respondents, the findings were limited by the responses given and efforts made to assist the researcher based on views of the respondents
1.10 Definition of Terms
Diabetes:
Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases or a chronic disease characterized by high sugar in the blood.
Knowledge:
A factual information that a person knows or skills required to perform an act acquired through education, training or via experience.
Attitude:
A settled way of thinking or feeling about something.
Belief:
A mental acceptance or cognitive assertion or perceptions held by an individual.
Diabetes Care:
The daily plans and practices that the individual performs in managing his/her diabetes.
Chapter Five
Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction
This chapter presents the conclusion from this study based on the research questions, objectives and hypotheses and the recommendations for public health expert, health care providers, policy makers, patients, general public and the basis for future research.
5.2 Conclusion
There is a statistically significant negative relationship between diabetes patients’ knowledge about diabetes and diabetes care. This means that an increase in diabetes knowledge leads to a decrease in diabetes care.
Furthermore, there is a significant positive relationship between attitudes of diabetes patients and selfcare practice, meaning, as diabetes patients’ attitude increases, their selfcare practice also increases and vice versa.
Finally, there is no significant relationship between diabetes patients’ belief and selfcare practice. This means, diabetes patients’ belief about their diabetes does not positively affect their diabetes care. This means that the higher the education level, the higher the care practice
5.3 Recommendations
This recommendation section is categorized into three parts, including health service stakeholders (viz, Ministry of Health, Nigeria health service, health facilities and health providers), the persons with diabetes and the general public and researchers.
5.3.1 Health Service Stakeholders
The findings of this study, showed a negative significant association between knowledge and selfcare practice. This may be due to the fact that, as patients receives more positive education about their illness, which does not make them to feel sense of urgency, they tend to be reluctant in taking positive measures to cure their illness. The perceive seriousness of the Health Belief Model supports this. It is therefore recommended that, in counseling patients with diabetes and also educating the general public, behavior change communication should be adapted.
The Health Belief Model can be complimented with the Fear Appeal theory. The patients and the general public should be educated on the seriousness and consequences of diabetes. However, care must be taken not to over scare them, because when people become more fearful, they may end up not taking any action.
Also, it is suggested that, managers of health facilities should liaise with Nigeria Health Services to recruit health psychologist(s) or social and behavioral scientist to aid in the counseling of diabetes patients.
Furthermore, the results from this study showed a positive relation between attitudes of patients and selfcare practice, meaning an increase in the attitudes of diabetes patients will lead to an increase in selfcare practice. Hence, public health professionals and other relevant stakeholders should increase awareness of diabetes targeting the attitudes of diabetes patients. Positive attitudes towards diabetes among diabetes should be promoted.
Moreover, most health facilities have TV sets. Those TV sets should be programmed to display diabetes related selfcare tips and other educational programs.
Health facilities should liaise with Nigeria Health Service to provide reliable and effective medium of communication between healthcare professionals and patients in that, patients can call or contact the healthcare professionals to seek clarification or discuss other related issues with them. Distance should not be a barrier in seeking health services.
5.3.2 Persons Living with Diabetes and Their Relatives
Persons living with diabetes should be proactive in seeking healthcare to prevent late complications. Also, diabetes patients should seek appropriate knowledge about diabetes and equally put into practice the lessons learnt from healthcare providers.
In addition, diabetes patients should consult their healthcare providers in setting goals and making informed decisions.
Furthermore, persons living with diabetes should endeavor to keep their blood sugar close to normal and must also endeavor to take control of their health. This ensures sustainability of changed behavior.
Moreover, family and friends concern and support are very vital in diabetes management. Families and friends should provide the needed support that their relative(s) need(s) in managing their diabetes especially at home.
5.3.3 General Public and Researchers
The results of this research work showed that women make up more than half of diabetes patients. It is therefore recommended that future research may concentrate in addressing this issue (why more women than men).
Also, the general public should understand that, their support is highly needed in diabetes care management among persons with diabetes.
In addition, future research should compare different socio-demographics of patients and relations with selfcare practice, for instance, religion and its influence on patients’ perception of diabetes and diabetes care.
Furthermore, future research should consider exploring the influence of diabetes knowledge, attitude and belief among healthcare professionals.
Last but not the least, future research should consider a mixed method and a larger sample size.

The Complete Material Will Be Sent to You in Just 2 Steps
Quick & Simple…
![]()
Make Payment (Through Transfer) of ₦6,500 to the Account Below
![]() | Acc No: 0811003731 |
| Samphina Academy | |
| Current Account |
Or CLICK HERE To Pay With Debit Card
| FOR STUDENTS OUTSIDE NIGERIA | |
| CLICK HERE To Pay With Card ($15) | |
| FOR GHANA STUDENTS (GHS 100) | |
![]() | MTN MoMo |
| 0553978005 | |
| Douglas Osabutey | |
![]()
Send the Following Details on WhatsApp ( 07062590260 ) After Payment
- Payment Details
- TOPIC: A Study On Impact Of Education On Diabetes Control And Complication (A Case Study Of Some Villages Around Tambuwal Metropolis)
The Complete Material Will Be Sent To You On WhatsApp After Receiving Your Details
T & C Apply
Students Review
List of Related Works
Causes And Management Of Diabetes Among Adult Age Of 35-70 Years
Awareness Of Diabetic Complications Among Diabetic Patient In St Joseph Hospital Adazi
Assessment, Knowledge On Diabetes Patient On Utilization Of Management Approaches
Assessment Of Nursing Students Knowledge On The Risk Factors Of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
Risk Factors And Prevention Of Diabetes Mellitus Among Women Of Childbearing Age In Lagos State
An Investigation Of Some Biochemical Parameters Among Diabetic Adult
Effectiveness Of Antenatal Screening On Gestational Diabetes In Sacred Heart Hospital, Obudu
Causes, Effects, And Management Of Diabetes Mellitus Among Adults
Attitude And Perception Of Nurses Towards Patients With Type 2 Diabetes In Edo Specialist Hospital
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus Among Aged People And Other Youth Of 27 Years And Above
Knowledge, Attitude And Management Of Diabetes Among Undergraduate Students
Prevalence Of Gestational Diabetes Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care
Biochemical Analysis Of Electrolytes, Urea, And Creatinine In Diabetic Nephropathy
Diabetes Prevalence And Risk Factors Amongst Hard Labour Workers In Bwari L.G.A
Health Related Quality Of Life Among Patients Living With Diabetes Mellitus
Blood Glucose-Lowering Potentials Of Annona Muricata Leaf Extract In Alloxan-Induced Diabetic Rats
Causes And Effects Of Diabetes Mellitus Among The Elderly
Health-Related Quality Of Life Of Diabetes Mellitus Patients And Non-Diabetics



