Socioeconomic Background And Academic Performance Of Student In English Language

Socioeconomic Background And Academic Performance Of Student In English Language (Charles)

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine socioeconomic background and academic performance of student in English language using secondary schools in Osisioma local government area of Abia State as a case study. The study was set to find out the contribution of students’ English language background on their performance in the subject, ascertain whether parental educational background influences the academic performance of students in English language, find out if the nature of parental occupation influences the academic performance of students in English language, find out if parental income influences the academic performance of students in English language, and ascertain whether parental attitude towards education influences the academic performance of students in English language. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of studentof two selected secondary school in Osisioma local government area of Abia State. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 299 respondents and 210 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. While the hypotheses were tested using Pearson correlation statistical tool, SPSS v23.The result of the findings reveals that students’ English language background significantly contribute on their performance in the subject. The result of the findings reveals parental educational background influences the academic performance of students in English language. Therefore, it is recommended that parents’ socio-economic status, high or low, should not hold back learners from being exposed to the English language learning environment both at home and school. In this, there is a need for schools and parents to team up to facilitate realization of learners’ English language learning aspiration. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

• Title Page
• Certification
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Table of Content
• List of Tables
• Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Statement of the Problem
• 1.3 Objective of the Study
• 1.4 Research Questions
• 1.5 Research Hypothesis
• 1.6 Significance of the Study
• 1.7 Scope of the Study
• 1.8 Limitation of the Study
• 1.9 Definition of Terms
• 1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

• 2.1 Conceptual Framework
• 2.2 Theoretical Framework
• 2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

• 3.1 Research Design
• 3.2 Population of the Study
• 3.3 Sample Size Determination
• 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
• 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
• 3.6 Method of Data Collection
• 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
• 3.8 Validity of the Study
• 3.9 Reliability of the Study
• 3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

• 4.1 Data Presentation
• 4.2 Analysis of Data
• 4.3 Answering Research Questions
• 4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

• 5.1 Summary
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendation
• References
• APPENDIX
• QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

English is an important language in individual learner’s success in the globalizing world(Ariani,& Ghafournia, 2016). In Nigeria, the language has the wider usage as the medium of communication. It is the medium of instruction in secondary schools and the tertiary level. In this way, English is very vital in learning, thus, it paves the way to students’ performance in all subjects taught through this medium.This academic demand makes English language learning significant, especially in developing students’ procedural knowledge and conventions of the language(Dev, & Qiqieh,2016). It is believed that knowledge of English is urgent to make learners progress in life and work because it provides them with higher social status and job opportunities(Ariani,& Ghafournia, 2016).
According to Nyamubi (2016), the zeal to learn English has opened venues to young learners of the language hence, many countries including Nigeria, have began to introduceEnglish at earlier grade levels in their curricular. This may be supported by the fact that in Nigeria today there are parents who opt to send their children in English Medium Primary Schools (EMPS). This is evinced in the multiplicity of English Medium Primary Schools, which however, attract learners whose parents and guardians belong to the higher cluster socially and economically(Rugemalira, 2006).

Education is envisaged in terms of social class, one is education for a less affluent class, another for middle socioeconomic status of society and the final for an upper class(Babikkoi, & Abdul-Razak, 2014). Arguably, the type of education that one gets or receives depends on the wealth and social position of parents. In the same vein, highly educated individuals see the importance of their children to acquire better education, which in their opinion, is offered in private secondary schools(Kakumbi, Samuel,&Mulendema,2016).

In this regard, an important role that socio-economic background plays in learners’ academic achievement cannot be over emphasized(Owolewa & Olagundoye,2017). Learning English could also be linked to theway learners are exposed to the home and school learning environment. Kormos and Kiddle (2013), link students’ poor performance in English to their family background, especially regarding parents’ education status and income.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Students’ socio-economic characteristics and their background in English language learning make an important factor in their learning outcomes in the subject. It is predicted that learners are particularly influenced by their parental and family behaviour and attitudes(Ariani,& Ghafournia, 2016). Parents and family members encourage and support students to learn, thus contributing to students’ educational upbringing, including learning English.

The fact that parents’ socio-economic status may contribute to students’ performance in English language needs to be addressed because education promotes among individuals and community in general, behaviours and attitude changes. It is a means to meet labour needs and for enabling an individual to respond to dynamics of the changing world, especially in the realm of socio-economic and technological advancement. This study focused on how students’ background in English as well as their parents’ social-economic status determine learners’ performance in English language at the secondary school level.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The major of this study is to critically assess socioeconomic background and academic performance of student in English language. By extension, this study will specifically;

1. Find out the contribution of students’ English language background on their performance in the subject.
2. Ascertain whether parental educational background influences the academic performance of students in English language.
3. Find out if the nature of parental occupation influences the academic performance of students in English language.
4. Find out if parental income influences the academic performance of students in English language.
5. Ascertain whether parental attitude towards education influences the academic performance of students in English language.

1.4 Research Question

The study will be guided by the following questions;

1. To what extent does students’ English language background contribute on their performance in the subject?
2. Does parental educational background influence the academic performance of students in English language?
3. Does the nature of parental occupation influence the academic performance of students in English language?
4. Does parental income influence the academic performance of students in English language?
5. Does parental attitude towards education influence the academic performance of students in English language?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

• Ho: There is no significant relationship between socioeconomic background and students academic performance in English language.
• Ha: There is a significant relationship between socioeconomic background and students academic performance in English language.

1.6 Significance of the Study

Stakeholders and teachers in education have been making necessary efforts to ensure that conducive environment is created through provision of ample logistics to facilitate the teaching and learning of English. However, the consistent poor performance of the students is becoming the biggest headache to them. These findings of this study will help in the following areas,

1. Parents will take keen interest in their children education and make the necessary sacrifices by providing their educational needs.
2. Parents will constantly discuss with their children their academic progress and provide congenial atmosphere for them to learn.
3. Understanding the socio-economic background of the students will enable the teachers plan their lessons to cater for the needs of every student.
4. Teachers’ will employ positive and friendly attitude to motivate students
5. School authorities and parents will come to terms with how to handle issues affecting the students’ academic performance.

1.7 Scope of the Study

According to Ocho and Udenga (1997), the scope of the study prescribes the limits or boundaries of the study. The study, therefore, covered the socioeconomic background and academic performance of student in English Language. The study will be carried out in two selected secondary schools in Osisioma local government area of Abia State.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Socio-economic Background

Socio-economic background refers to as a finely graded hierarchy of social positions which can be used to describe a person’s overall social position or standing.

Poor Academic Performance

Poor academic performance is a performance that is adjudged by the examinee/testee and some other significant as falling below an expected standard.

1.10 Organization of the Study

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, abnd selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter (chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings onsocioeconomic background and academic performance of student in English language using secondary schools in Osisioma local government area of Abia State as a case study.The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was to examine socioeconomic background and academic performance of student in English language using secondary schools in Osisioma local government area of Abia State as a case study. The study is was specifically carried out to find out the contribution of students’ English language background on their performance in the subject, ascertain whether parental educational background influences the academic performance of students in English language, find out if the nature of parental occupation influences the academic performance of students in English language, find out if parental income influences the academic performance of students in English language, and ascertain whether parental attitude towards education influences the academic performance of students in English language.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 210 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent arestudentof two selected secondary school in Osisioma local government area of Abia State.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

1. Students’ English language background significantly contribute on their performance in the subject.
2. Parental educational background influences the academic performance of students in English language.
3. The nature of parental occupation influences the academic performance of students in English language.
4. Parental income influences the academic performance of students in English language.
5. Parental attitude towards education influences the academic performance of students in English language.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

1. Parents’ socio-economic status, high or low, should not hold back learners from being exposed to the English language learning environment both at home and school. In this, there is a need for schools and parents to team up to facilitate realization of learners’ English language learning aspiration.
2. There is a need to have schools’ awareness regarding students’ English language backgrounds as well as their socio-economic status differences, so that teachers would help learners’ English language learning. This will help in improving learners’ English proficiency.
3. Parents should support their children in termsof English language resources to hearten their English learning.
4. The government needs to sustain English language teaching and learning by endowing schools with current textbooks in helping students’ English performance.

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