The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) In Community Development

Project and Seminar Material for Economics

The Role Of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGO) In Community Development

Abstract

This study examined the role of Non-governmental organization (NGO) in community development. (A case study of DEC, Enugu). There of heterogeneity rather than homogeneity with Non-government organization, making the tack of developing, consistent and workable policies to be difficult. In order of such policies to be developed, dear understanding of the characteristics and roles of various Non-governmental organization needs to be known and requires the development of analytical tools and evaluative criteria. For the purpose of this study which outline and distances issues requiring consideration on the formation of policies and sets preliminary agents for research action, one hypothesis were formulated. The population of the study is 1268 members and sample size of 228 members were selected using Taro Yamani statistical techniques. Data were gathered using secondary and primary data. Data collected and interpreted using percentages and tables. Formulated Hypothesis were tested using chi-square (x2). From the data analyzed, the following were ascertained. The Non-governmental organization helps in capital formation for investment, encourages women empowerment through human rights, social justice empowerment and community development however, based on the findings, a number of recommendation were made.

Table of Content

  • Title Page
  • Certification
  • Dedication
  • Acknowledgement
  • Table of Content
  • List of Tables
  • Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

  • 1.1 Background of the Study
  • 1.2 Statement of the Problem
  • 1.3 Objective of the Study
  • 1.4 Research Questions
  • 1.5 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.6 Significance of the Study
  • 1.7 Scope of the Study
  • 1.8 Limitation of the Study
  • 1.9 Definition of Terms
  • 1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

  • 2.1 Conceptual Framework
  • 2.2 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

  • 3.1 Research Design
  • 3.2 Population of the Study
  • 3.3 Sample Size Determination
  • 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
  • 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Validity of the Study
  • 3.9 Reliability of the Study
  • 3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

  • 4.1 Data Presentation
  • 4.2 Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Answering Research Questions
  • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

  • 5.1 Summary
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Recommendation
  • References
  • APPENDIX
  • QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Non-governmental Organization (NGO) have increasingly been promoting or promoted as alternative health care, poverty alleviation, women education, social justice, community development and some goals but hampered by government inefficiencies and resources constraints.

However, the reality of (NGO) are more complex not only is the distinctive between government and NGO may also suffer from resource constraints and management inefficiencies, similarly to those that government provides. Some registered NGO operate as profit provides in practical policy development must reflect the strength and weakness of the NOGs in a particular setting and should be build on terms of resources mobilization, efficiency and/or quality.
Policy development will always require a strong government presence in coordinating, regulating, legislating, supervising, educating, financing and giving technical assistance and on NGO sector responsible to the policy goals of government.

Hence this research shall focus on investigating “the role of Non- Governmental Organization (NGO) in community development with a particular emphasis on development education centre (DEC) Enugu”.

NGO, been a non- governmental or profit making organization, they pursue an issue(s) of interest to its members by lobbing persuasion and/or direct action, in the area of international economics. NGO play an increasing role defending human rights and the environment and fighting poverty.

Development education center. Enugu as a non-Government Organization registered as a trustee in October, 1991 with the corporate affairs commission Abuja, Nigeria has proved a lots of functions towards community development such as:

  • Education
  • Poverty alleviation
  • Water and sanitation
  • Economic empowerment

Observations have shown how NGOs helps enormously towards developing the communities and people are willing to join the organization due to its benefits. As the research goes on, we shall see the extent the NGOs have given boast to development of communities.

1.2 Statement of the Problems

The basic problems which this research work wants to solve are stated below in s veritable manner:

  1. Can the community develop without adequate financing from the NGO?
  2. Can the NGO perform optimally without adequate finance?
  3. Can it be that the activities of the NGO helps in community development?
  4. Is it true that the NGO provides sustainable financial and for the community growth?
  5. Lack of good knowledge of the importance of the NGO might be worsening the problem of community development since the government alone cannot solve the problem.
  6. Inefficient workers and poor training of staff of the NGO can hamper their efforts in community development?
    Poor standard of living, low monthly earnings of the staff inhibits their efforts towards promoting the community
  7. Could it be that the activities of the NGO are very relevant to justify their efforts in community development?
  8. Is the extent of development in the community proving that the NGO is really doing well?
  9. Should the strength and weakness of the NGO be built on their advantages over government organization?
  10. How can the NGO work well towards community development?

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The general objective of the study is to find out the impact made by Non- governmental organization (NGO) towards community development.

Special Objectives Includes

  1. To identify whether it is necessary for the development of a community.
  2. To know if Non- governmental organization reasonable impact in developing the community.
  3. To know the various ways through which Non- governmental organization contribute towards community development.
  4. To examine the possibility of achieving a better development through collaborated efforts of the NGO.
  5. To make investigation on the economic status of the community in independence layout and evaluate the impact of Non- governmental organization in their assistance.
  6. To known the obstacles facing community development in independence layout.

1.4 Research Questions

  1. Does Non-governmental organization have reasonable impact in community development?
  2. What are the various ways through which Non-governmental organization contribute towards community development?
    1. Capital formation for investment,
    2. Encourages women empowerment through human rights,
    3. Social justice empowerment and
    4. Community youth empowerment
  3. Is there a possibility of achieving a better development through collaborated efforts of the NGO?
  4. What are the factors affecting community development?
    1. Lack of Funds and/or Difficulties to get Funds,
    2. Over Dependence on External Finance and Assistance,
    3. Absence of Effective Networking,
    4. Lack of Good Governance and Mismanagement of Funds,
    5. Uneven Geographical Spread of NGOs

1.5 Research Hypothesis

  • Ho: Non-governmental organization have no reasonable impact in community development.
  • Ha: Non-governmental organization have reasonable impact in community development.

1.6 Significance Of The Study

Always beneficial to achieve the aim/objective of which an action is taken and very insignificant to waste precious time carrying out a research that will not be valuable. This Research was conducted t benefit different people, including:

  1. The students who would use it in future for investigation.
  2. The members of the Non- governmental organization especially the Development Education Centre (DEC) branch, to know the extent they are participating towards community development in the area.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study is structured to generally examine the role of Non-governmental organization (NGO) in community development. The study will be delimited to Enugu State, hence participants for this study will be obtained from Development Education Centre Enugu.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs)

NGOs are private organizations that pursue activities to relieve sufferings, promote the interest of the poor people, protect the environment,and provide health, educational facilities, and other developmental programmes

Community

Community is a known social unit, such as a group or association of people who have similar needs, interests, functions and values.

Community Development

Community development is a process in which the people effort themselves unite with government authorities to improve the economic, social and cultural conditions of the whole society, to enable them to contribute fully to national progress and to integrate these communities into national life.

1.10 Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows.

  • Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
  • Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
  • Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
  • Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
  • Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the role of Non-governmental organization (NGO) in community development using Development Education Centre Enugu State as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the role of Non-governmental organization (NGO) in community development using Development Education Centre Enugu State as a case study. The study is was specifically carried out to identify whether it is necessary for the development of a community, know if Non- governmental organization reasonable impact in developing the community, to know the various ways through which Non- governmental organization contribute towards community development, examine the possibility of achieving a better development through collaborated efforts of the NGO, make investigation on the economic status of the community in independence layout and evaluate the impact of Non- governmental organization in their assistance, and to known the obstacles facing community development in independence layout.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 210 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are members of Development Education Centre Enugu State.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

  1. Non-governmental organization have reasonable impact in community development.
  2. The various ways through which Non-governmental organization contribute towards community development includes: capital formation for investment, encourages women empowerment through human rights, social justice empowerment and community youth empowerment.
  3. There is a possibility of achieving a better development through collaborated efforts of the NGO.
  4. The factors affecting community development includs: lack of Funds and/or Difficulties to get Funds, Over Dependence on External Finance and Assistance, Absence of Effective Networking, Lack of Good Governance and Mismanagement of Funds, Uneven Geographical Spread of NGOs.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

  1. NGOs should adopt more local based strategies to fight for sustainable community development and reduce poverty to the minimal level. The current approach though helpful, but minimally.
  2. More investments should be made by NGOs on humanitarian services such as scholarship, provision of school uniforms, shoes, foods, books and so others on a regular basis and not just on a once at a time basis in order to hasten the achievement of poverty alleviation in these communities.
  3. The government should promote friendly policies to encourage NGOs activities as well as design monitoring measures to deter the fake NGOs activities in Nigeria.
  4. Over dependence on donor funding for large scale intervention may compromise independence credibility. Therefore, NGOs should exploit alternatives approaches and rely more heavily on available resources inside the country and the society which they work.

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