The Role Of Co-Operative Societies Towards Development Of Rural Areas (A Case Study Of Idah Local Government Area, Kogi State)

The Role Of Co-Operative Societies Towards Development Of Rural Areas (A Case Study Of Idah Local Government Area, Kogi State)

Abstract

This research work was designed to see to the way the areas could be developed through the co-operative society with Idah Local Government Area of Kogi State as a case study, Oral interview were carried out, several book were consulted and also, finding of registered co-operative societies and number of their members were carried out. From the findings, it revealed that those areas with co-operative societies gain more government attention than those without co-operative societies. The study reveals that for a government to achieve all round development empowering co-operative societies should be given utmost attention.

Table Of Content

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title page
• Approval Page
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of Contents

Chapter One

Introduction

• 1.1 Background Of The Study
• 1.2 Statement Of The Problem
• 1.3 Aims And Objective Of The Study
• 1.4 Significance Of The Study
• 1.5 Research Questions
• 1.6 The Scope And Limitation Of The Study
• 1.7 Definition Of Key Terms Reference

Chapter Two

Literature Review

• 2.1 Meaning Of Co-operative Society
• 2.2 Characteristics Of Co-operative Societies
• 2.3 Formation Of A Co-operative Society
• 2.4 Types Of Co-operative Society
• 2.5 Advantages Of Co-operative Society
• 2.6 Benefits Of Co-operative Society
• 2.7 Prospect Of Co-operative Society
• 2.8 The Impact Of Co-operative Societies On Rural Development.
• 2.9 Problem Faced By Co-operative Societies In Rural Development
• 2.10 The Need For Re-engineering
• 2.9 Problem Faced By Co-operative Societies In Rural Development
• 2.10 The Need For Re-engineering Co-operative Societies. Reference

Chapter Three

Research Methodology

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Research Design
• 3.3 Area Of Study
• 3.4 Population Of the Study
• 3.5 Sample And Sampling Techniques
• 3.6 Sources Of Data Collection
• 3.7 Instrument Used For Data Collection
• 3.8 Test For Validity And Reliability Of Research Instrument Reference

Chapter Four

Presentation And Analysis Of Data

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Presentation Of Data
• 4.3 Discussion of Findings

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion And Recommendation

• 5.1 Summary
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendation
• Bibliography
• Appendix
• Questionnaire

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background Of The Study

The problem of developing the rural area has received the attention of many experts and researchers as well as the government. This is because it constitutes a serious bottleneck to the socio-economic development of the country as well as the communities. It is in the light of this, that I have decided to examine how rural areas would be developed with the help or assistance of co-operative societies using Idah local Government as the case study. Rural development according to Diejomoah (2003) is “ The process of not only increasing the level of per capital income in the rural area but also the standard of living of the rural population measured by food and nutrition level, health, education, housing, recreation and security. Also Rural development according to UNO (1960) is “The process by which the effort of he people themselves are United with effort that of government authorities to improved the economic social and cultural conditions of the rural communities to integrate those community into life of the nation and to enable them contribute meaningful to national development. Therefore, Rural Development is an integration activity involving the Implementation of programmes of agriculture, health, education, home management, provision of infrastructure and other community facilities under the supervision of the government, its agencies and the local people. Co-operative society is one of the principal agent of rural development. It is not only an avenue for job opportunities, but also as a training ground for the rural dwellers and other society and economic benefits. Hence, it is a strong factor in the nations economic development. Helms (2005) on the other hand defines co-operative society as an association of persons who have voluntarily joined together to have a common end through the formation of a democratically controlled enterprise, making equitable contribution to the capital required and accepting a fair share of the risk and benefit of the undertaking in which the member activity participate. On the other hand it could be seen as a voluntarily association of persons having mutual ownership in providing themselves some needed service on non-profit basis usually organized as a legal entity to accomplish objectives through joint participation of its members. As it is, the problem faced by the rural dwellers in Nigeria today is complex. It is those in he rural areas who have to produce not only enough for their families but also for industries and urban population. They also have to produce cash crops either for processing by local industries or for export. Still they lack the basic necessities of life. Co-operative is a vital issue in every community in this world. Place where it has been properly put into effective operation, its members have greatly achieve something from it. Idah Local Government area is one of the area where co-operative societies have improved the live of its citizens. Hence assistance should be given to the rural people e.g. Idah people so as to enable them improve politically, economically, socially and otherwise through co-operative societies. This project therefore, intends to examine rural development, discuss or diagnose strategies adopted by coo-operative societies in developing rural areas. Examine the problem areas if coo-operative societies and to provide recommendation or solution to the problem so far identified.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem

Perhaps, one of the greatest problem confronting Rural Development today is the lop sided and unbalanced development of their environment and how best to improve the living standard of the rural dwellers. It is not in correct to state that the gross unbalance and inequalities in the level of development between the rural and urban areas of Nigeria is enormous taking Idah local government area for example. Inspite of all the orchestrated policies and programmes of successive government in Nigeria. The problem of rural backwardness and under – development has remained unresolved. This is evident in the persistence of agriculture stagnation, hunger, poverty, disease, unemployment, poor housing, under-employment, poor infrastructure facilities. Most of our rural areas also suffer from inadequacy of social services, high birth rate and death rate, low life expectance, malnutrition and Ignorance, lack of productive, technical and managerial skill to improve production. In the light of these problems, the researcher is therefore boarded and wants to probe into the activities of co-operative societies to know whether they are contributing towards the development of our rural areas with a particular focus on Idah Local government area of Kogi |State. The researcher also intends to investigate the impact of co-operative societies on rural development by identifying the above mentioned phenomenon and to know the prospect and problems encounted by co-operative so cities in their attempt to develop the rural dwellers.

1.3 The Aim And Objective Of The Study

The broad objective of the study is to examine the contribution of co-operative societies to the development of Idah Local Government Area. The specific objectives are as follows:

1. To identify or determine whether co-operatives societies have contributed to the development of rural areas in Idah Local government Area.
2. To find out the financial problem areas affecting the contribution of co-operative societies to the development of Idah Local Government Area.
3. To determine the impact of the strategies design and adopted by co-operative societies in rural development
4. Make recommendation on ways towards ensuring greater success of co-operative societies in future.

1.4 The Significance Of The Study

This study intends to achieve the following objectives.

1. Help in educating the farmers and the entire rural dwellers on the importance of co-operative societies.
2. Also at the end of the research work, the general public would have gained a lot of knowledge on the importance of co-operative societies.
3. The study will also be significant to future researchers on the facts of rural areas.
4. Also helps to discover, problems of co-operative societies and provide recommendation to the problem identified.

1.5 Research Question

The following questions are to guide the researcher towards finding out the solutions related to the problems, objective and the question of research.

1. Do co-operative societies play vital role in the development of rural areas?
2. Do financial problem hinder the activities of co-operative societies?
3. How helpful are government and financial institutions in enhancing the activities/ roles of co-operative societies?
4. Do you think co-operative societies provide infrastructures towards the development of rural areas?
5. Do you consider the training of c-operative personnel important towards enhancing their performance as an instrument of development?

1.6 The Scope And Limitation Of The Study

It is a know fact that development is not confined to any particular area but all over the globe.

However, this study focuses its attention on the development of rural areas through the effort of co-operative societies with reference to Idah Local Government Area in Kogi State. Hence the type of co-operative societies, role, prospect and problems would be looked into with particular emphasis to Idah Local Government Area.

The Limitation of the study among other things include time constraints, lack of enough funding and lack of access to adequate data a regards to the topic under study etc.

1.7 Definition Of Key Terms

It is important to give a brief definition of the following key terms, in order to know the meaning of the key concept and some words in the research project.

1. Development:

According to Todarro 1977, he defines development as a many sided process involving changes in structure, institutions and attitude as well as the acceleration of economic growth, the reduction in inequality and eradication of hunger and poverty in a given society.

2. Rural Areas:

An area, which is so backward in terms of social amenities and other materials found in urban areas.

3. Rural Development

Rural Development in a multi dimensional process by which productivity, income and welfare in terms of health, nutrition, education and other features of satisfactory life of rural people can be improved or transformed.

4. Co-Operatives

As association of persons usually of limited means who have come together to achieve a common economic goal through equitable contribution.

5. Directive Approach

This top-bottom approach in any rural setting is where agencies either local government, state government and federal government tries to identify the felt-need of people in the community. This approach comes in when there is lack of human and material resources, provision of technical know-how for the community development. Introduction of new method in education, weaving modern system of farming for rural people.

6. Non-Directive Approach

The people of the community identify their own felt – need i.e. their duty to plan for action and also implement it. Government/ Philanthropists do not come in but they can seek advice in terms of technicality. It is usually applied to developed society or rural areas that have adequate human, material resources.

7. Mid-Way Approach

This is a situation where by the people of the community and the agencies identify their own felt –needs by providing human and material resources. More emphasis is given to the people. This approach is applied to both primitive and developed societies or communities.

8. Felt-Needs

Isaac 2005 citing Onyishi define felt-needs as those tangible and intangible things the community or group require as essential to its survival as an organic whole. Without those this, the community or group may disintegrate or remain stagnant. Such things vary from society to society and as such they are better identified by the society itself.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion And Recommendation

5.1 Summary

Based on the result of the data analyzed and findings both primary and second any data the following findings are made by the researcher.

A co-operative society is a voluntary asseveration of individuals having common needs that join hands for the achievement of common interest through mutual help. Membership of cooperative societies is voluntary and open to all. It is democratically managed and it has a separate legal existence.

The main motive is to provide service to the members as well as to protect the weaker section of the society especially the financially hand capped people and to promote the economic interest of the people. It works on the principle of self-help through co-operation of members.

A co-operative society can be formed under the co-operative Act, with a minimum of ten members, for registration, an application along with by-laws of the society has to be submitted to the registrar of cooperative societies. Co-operative societies may be classified as follows, consumers’ cooperative society-formed to eliminate the role of middlemen and supply high quality goods and services at reasonable price to consumers, producers’ co-operative society-formed to help producers to procure raw materials, tools, equipment etc, co-operative marketing society formed to ensure a favorable market for small producers to sell the output and get a good return on sale, co-operative credit society-formed to provide financial help to members through loans at low interstates, they encourage saving habit among members, co-operative farming society-formed to achieve economics of large scale farming and maximum of agricultural output, Housing co-operative society-formed to provide residential houses to members by constructing them or provide loans to members to construct their own houses.

Co-operative societies are easy to form and have a stable life. Membership is open to all and members have limited liability there is democratic management based “one-man, one vote” the societies have stable life and they enjoy government patronage.

However, co-operative societies suffer from insufficient capital, problem in management, conflict among members, government policy, illiberally and lack of training facilities as well as personnel. There is lack of motivation on members due to absence of direct reward for individual effort. Excessive government regulation and control may also pose problem for them.

Lastly, co-operative societies are suitable in protecting the weaker section of the rural area from exploitation and promoting their economic interest.

5.2 Conclusion

The research work has been able to bring to the fore problems encountered by these co-operative societies these problems are, illiberally, lack of finance, conflict among members, uncooperative attitude of government officials, government policy and lack of training facilities as well as personnel.

It has been observed that of confute attention is given to the problems of the co-operative societies; their contributions to rural development will definitely be maximized.

The study also indicates that co-operative societies suffer some negligence from the government and other top functionaries such as.

The worst of all is the lack of storage facilities for their perishable goods, which of course discourage the rural people from producing enough for consumption and industries.

On a final note, it is hereby soubrettes that much attention should be paid to the development of co-operatives irrespective of their nature so that their confirmation to the rural development can be ultimately realized.

5.3 Recommendation

The research project offered the re commendation to ameliorate problems areas of co-operative society in rural development.

1. Immediate review of the co-operative law in line with the co-operative Development policy that would re-position the Director of cooperative, service was suggested.
2. A base line study; to allow data base and statistics on registries societies, members and types of co-operative societies existing in the country, that are required for effective planning.
3. Research suitable for planning more effective cooperative education and paining programmers for committees, members and employees of co-operative is highly essential to fit with the changing environment.
4. Government should liberalized co-operatives by loosening its grip on co-operatives to allow for self-help and self-responsibility principles of cooperativeness.
5. Investment in Information and Communication Technology (ICT) has become imperative for success-drives cooperatives. On- line update of members passbooks, loan application, etc should he incorporated into the business of cooperatives. Otherwise, such a cooperative will be living in the past.
6. A guided recapitalization of cooperative sub-sector should be embarked upon.
7. Fund canalization through the cooperative societies by the government, NGOs and commercial banks for sustainable small, medium enteritis’s should be protruded.
8. Mable (2004); stated that the local government should also give and support credit facilities in their areas of domain to enable people to borrow and enhance their standard of living.

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