Relationship Between Social Media And Prevalence Of Anxiety And Depression Among Secondary School Students In Akuku- Toru Local Government Area

Relationship Between Social Media And Prevalence Of Anxiety And Depression Among Secondary School Students In Akuku- Toru Local Government Area

Abstract

Web-based social networking is an online association site where individuals cooperate to construct, offer and change their thought and remarks with respect to any data. During the previous decade, online long range social networking communication has caused significant changes in the manner individuals convey and cooperate. A descriptive study was conducted among top secondary schools in with a sample of 90 respondents. It included questions on demographical information, the pattern of social networking usage, social relationship and health effects. The results found that there is a significant associations between time spent on social media and the number of SNS. There is a positive correlation between feeling anxious and serious active on SNS than in real life. This study concludes that more usage of social media, number of SNS and too much of time spent on social networking sites is affecting the student’s mental health such as depression and anxiety.

Table of Content

• Title Page
• Certification
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Table of Content
• List of Tables
• Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Statement of the Problem
• 1.3 Objective of the Study
• 1.4 Research Questions
• 1.5 Research Hypothesis
• 1.6 Significance of the Study
• 1.7 Scope of the Study
• 1.8 Limitation of the Study
• 1.9 Definition of Terms
• 1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

• 2.1 Conceptual Framework
• 2.2 Theoretical Framework
• 2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

• 3.1 Research Design
• 3.2 Population of the Study
• 3.3 Sample Size Determination
• 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
• 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
• 3.6 Method of Data Collection
• 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
• 3.8 Validity of the Study
• 3.9 Reliability of the Study
• 3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

• 4.1 Data Presentation
• 4.2 Analysis of Data
• 4.3 Answering Research Questions
• 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
• 4.5 Interpretation of Result

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

• 5.1 Summary
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendation
• References
• APPENDIX
• QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

Social media has become a common avenue for social networking – creating, sharing and exchanging information – in a virtual public, which allows people to create and consume their own information on any e-medium that sanctions social interfacing. It includes, online platforms such as social networking (Facebook), internet fora (e-Healthforum.com), blogs and microblogs (Twitter), photo or video sharing media (YouTube, Instagram), crowdsourcing (Wikipedia) and virtual games (Weinstein, 2018; Berryman et al., 2017; O’keeffe & Clarke-Pearson, 2011). These media present both opportunities and challenges to users. The use of social media by especially adolescents may enhance communication and socialization, learning opportunities, and access to important health information. But it may also promote dissemination of inaccurate and misleading information that may result in unwarranted adolescent psychosocial behaviours such as sexting, cyberbullying, anxiety, social isolation and suicide (Ibid). Several research findings have confirmed the influences of social media usage on adolescent’s mental health in the extant literature. Common amongst these research findings is expression of concerns about how social media affects psychosocial and emotional traits of adolescents. The commonly found psychosocial problems include, anxiety relating to FoMO (fear of missing out), depression, and loneliness. However, social media influences have not always been negative (see Berryman et al., 2017; Swist et al., 2015; Stricklad, 2014).

In more detail, social media has become an integral part of human beings. It has influenced them in different ways. On the one hand, the numerous benefits of the social media such as online/offline chatting, video calling, sharing thoughts, posting photos, real-time news, advertisements, and meetings, are attracting the users rapidly. On the other hand, people have become addicted to social media causing different social, physical and mental problems. “Facebook can be fun and healthy activity if users take advantage of the site to stay connected with family and old friends and to share interesting and important aspects of their lives but if it’s used to see how well an acquaintance is doing financially or how happy an old friend is in his relationship – things that cause envy among users – use of the site can lead to feelings of depression,” said Professor Margaret Duffy, University of Missouri (The Week 2018, cited 12.09.2018 ). The usage of social media can have both harmful and useful impact on mental health. Therefore, it is vital to use social media in a balanced way so that users get the full advantage of it without hampering their mental health.

1.2 statement of the Problem

As per the recent survey, 22% of adolescents sign on to their top choice social networking sites over 10 times each day, and the greater part of young people sign on to SNS more than once a day. Seventy-five percent of young people presently use phones, and 25% use them for social media, 54% use them for messaging, and 24% use them for instant messaging. Thus, a huge amount of this current age’s social and enthusiastic advancement is happening while on the Internet and cell telephones. (Hinduja S, Patchin J, 2010). Recently, a few specialists have related social networking sites with a few mental disorders which include depression and anxiety. Since social networking sites are a moderately new wonder, numerous inquiries concerning the potential effect on mental health remain unanswered. (Igor Pantic, 2014). Therefore this research undergoes the impact of social media on mental health issues of the student.The objective of the study is to determine the impact of social media on mental health issues such as depression and anxiety of students.

1.3 Objective of the Study

The main objective of this study is to examine the relationship between social media and prevalence of anxiety and depression among secondary school students in Akuku- Toru local government area.

Specifically, the study aims

1. Examine the trend in social media use in Akuku- Toru local government area
2. Examine the main impacts of social media use on adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area
3. Examine major influences of social media use on mental health (such as depression and anxiety) of adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area

1.4 Research Questions

The following research questions were answered by the study in order to achieve the research objectives

1. What is the trend in social media use in Akuku- Toru local government area ?
2. What are the main impacts of social media use on adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area ?
3. What are the major influences of social media use on mental health (such as depression and anxiety) of adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area ?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

The following research hypothesis were formulated and tested by the study

• H01: There is a significant relationship between depression and students mental health issues
• H02: There is a significant relationship between anxiety and students mental health issues

1.6 Significance of the Study

The study specifically focused on the students in secondary schools in Akuku- Toru local government area and not any other local government because of the prevalence of mental health problems among the students population, which are not recognized. Anecdotal reports from media, families, religious institutions and civil society suggest the prevalence of mental health problems, but there is lack of adequate data on mental health problems, level of knowledge, attitudes and practices among the undergraduate students through empirical research to allow for comprehensive intervention to mitigate the issues.

Furthermore, there is undocumented high level of mental health illiteracy and lack of awareness concerning mental health issues among the students in which they prefer traditional medication as opposed to the hospital when treating mental disorders. This has led to the loss of many lives of the patients, escalation of the symptoms while others are taken to the hospital when it is already too late, being left to loiter in the world without anyone to take care of them or being chained in their homes to prevent harm and attacks.

Another factor that makes these patients suffer most is because most of the members of the community believe that these are conditions caused by demons and in some instances subjects the patients to very hostile situations such as being caged or being caged together with a hyena that is believed to bite the patients and take the demons out.
Finally, this study will aid the policymakers to formulate better responsive policies that will enable adequate budget allocation, proper staffing and procurement of medical equipment, medical supplies, and school community sensitisation . For the academicians, this study highlights on the mental health epidemic among the Unimaid, emphasizing on the data (knowledge, attitudes and practices for caregivers, traditional healers and health service providers) for further studies in this area.

1.6 Scope of the Study

The scope of this study is limited to present the relationship between social media and prevalence of anxiety and depression among secondary school students in Akuku- Toru local government area. Impact of social media on the mental health of in secondary schools in Akuku- Toru local government areawith a specific focus on students mental health in secondary schools in Akuku- Toru local government area. The study specifically limited with to these secondary schools in Akuku- Toru local government area.

1.7 Limitation of the Study

This research work is specifically on the Relationship Between Social Media And Prevalence Of Anxiety And Depression Among Secondary School Students In Akuku- Toru Local Government Area. In the limitation on research work of this magnitude or nature can be carried out without limitation. Hence, during the course, certain constraints were encountered.

Cost:

The cost of thorough research is not what can be afforded by a student. The prices of materials needed for this work has gone up and transport fee has also gone up.

Time:

The time was one of the limitations in the process of carrying out this research work.

Scarcity of Literature:

The research encountered some problems in collection of literature especially on the bank History and operations. This are hindered the smooth running of this work.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Mental Health:

Mental health includes our emotional, psychological, and social well-being.

Depression:

A mental health disorder characterised by persistently depressed mood or loss of interest in activities, causing significant impairment in daily.

Stress:

Stress is a feeling of emotional or physical tension.

1.10 Organizations of the Study

• The chapter one consist of the introductory part of the study which includes the study background, the statement of the research problem, the study objective and scope of the study.
• The second chapter is a critical review of other Literatures relevant to the study and its objectives including the theoretical framework for the study.
• While the third chapter is methods of data collection, sampling and data analysis used in conducting the study.
• The fourth chapter centers around the research findings including an analysis of how it relates to previous findings.
• The fifth chapter consists of the summary of findings, conclusion and recommendations base on the study objectives.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the relationship between social media and prevalence of anxiety and depression among secondary school students in Akuku- Toru local government area. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the relationship between social media and prevalence of anxiety and depression among secondary school students in Akuku- Toru local government area. The study is was specifically focused on Examining the trend in social media use in Akuku- Toru local government area; Examining the main impacts of social media use on adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area and Examining major influences of social media use on mental health (such as depression and anxiety) of adolescents in Akuku- Toru local government area.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 90 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are secondary school students in Akuku- Toru local government area.

5.3 Conclusions

The study was conducted to examine the impact of social media on student’s mental health issues. The study revealed that majority of the respondents using number of social networking sites and they are spending time more than four hours in a day for using social networking sites. In this study it was found that there was a difference between number of social networking sites and symptoms of depression. In addition the study revealed that there is a strong relationship between symptoms of anxiety and depression. Further confirmed that there was a relationship between feeling anxious and serious active on social networking sites than in real life. As a result, the more usage of social media, number of social networking sites and too much of time spent on social networking sites is affecting the students mental health such as depression and anxiety.

5.4 Recommendation

Based on the findings the researcher recommends that;

1. There is need for concerted efforts by health care professionals and the schools administrative staff to develop appropriate support services catering to this group of students.
2. There is also need for greater attention to the psychological wellbeing of students in order to improve their quality of life.
3. Appropriate screening and intervention programs should be allowed especially during orientation so as to prevent mental health problems among students admitted into the schools.
4. Early diagnosis, treatment and counselling as the case may be should be offered to vulnerable students.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Does social media use increase anxiety and depression?

They found significant positive correlations between higher anxiety levels and greater social media use, and emotional investment in social media. Similarly, higher depression levels were also associated with increased social media use, and emotional investment in social media.

Does social media cause depression in children?

This can extend to not thinking badly of oneself and developing the symptoms that contribute to depression. Prior to social media and the internet, children only had to worry about bullying on school grounds, for the most part. But social media has given bullies a new way to torment their victims.

Is there a correlation between anxiety and depression in teenagers?

There were a significantly negative correlation between academic achievement with anxiety and depression. There was no statistically significant difference in the mean of anxiety and age between teenagers, but a significant depression level of respondents who are 18 and 19 years old was significantly different from other ages.

Does social media use affect sleep quality in adolescence?

Woods H.C., Scott H. #Sleepyteens: Social media use in adolescence is associated with poor sleep quality, anxiety, depression and low self-esteem. Journal of Adolescence. 2016;51:41–49.