Perception Of The Health Practitioners Toward The Effect Of The Taken Narcotics Drugs Among The Adult Teenagers (A Case Study Of Offa Local Government In A Selected Secondary School)

Perception Of The Health Practitioners Toward The Effect Of The Taken Narcotics Drugs Among The Adult Teenagers (A Case Study Of Offa Local Government In A Selected Secondary School)

Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the perception of the health practitioners toward the effect of the taken narcotics drugs among the adult teenager using some selected secondary school in Offa local government Area as a case study. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of students of some selected secondary school in Offa local government Area. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 200 respondents and 150 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. While the hypotheses were tested using chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals the extent adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area is high.The study also revealed that health practitioners has negative attitude towards the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers. Further findings showed that health practitioners plays significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs. Therefore, it is recommended that there is need to design a drugs counselling centres which should purposively be for narcotics drugs issues and family based prevention interventions. As parts of its focus, such counselling should be concerned with skill development in parents-child management practices and parent-child relationship. This simple implies that both parents and child should improve their communication with each other and reduce dependence or affiliations with anti-social peers. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

Chapter One:

Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Statement of the Problem
• 1.3 Objective of the Study
• 1.4 Research Questions
• 1.5 Research Hypothesis
• 1.6 Significance of the Study
• 1.7 Scope of the Study
• 1.8 Limitation of the Study
• 1.9 Definition of Terms
• 1.10 Organization of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

• 2.1 Conceptual Framework
• 2.2 Theoretical Framework
• 2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

• 3.1 Research Design
• 3.2 Population of the Study
• 3.3 Sample Size Determination
• 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
• 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
• 3.6 Method of Data Collection
• 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
• 3.8 Validity of the Study
• 3.9 Reliability of the Study
• 3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

• 4.1 Data Presentation
• 4.2 Analysis of Data
• 4.3 Answering Research Questions
• 4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

• 5.1 Summary
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendation
• References
• APPENDIX
• QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Because of the harmful influence that they have on an individual’s health as well as their familial, social, educational, and professional life, problems that are associated to the use of narcotic drugs have become an issue of worldwide concern. In addition to this, it places a significant economic and social burden on the community [Sadock, 2017]. Many young people have a limited understanding of the negative effects of the use of narcotic drugs [Palo, 2008], despite the fact that there is widespread concern and education about the issue. Students could be dissuaded from taking some awake at night, the pressure to succeed in academic work, self-reported poor mental health, and the easy accessibility of drugs could be contributing to the rise in the prevalence of drug use. Olley referred to the first year of college as a “transitional” time, during which students go from a life that is regulated and supervised by their parents to a life that is more self-directed and may be quickly affected by the atmosphere of the institution [Adewuya, 2018].

There has been a recent marked increase in the prevalence of substance use disorders (SUDs) around the world(Whiteford et al. 2013). Between 1990 and 2010, there was an increase of 37.6% in the global burden of diseases from mental health and SUDs (Whiteford et al. 2013). Using a risk factors approach to the Global Burden of Diseases(GBD), the proportion of the total GBD attributable to specific SUD has increased by 57% for illicit drug use(cannabis, opioids, amphetamines, and injection druguse), 32% for alcohol use, and 3% for tobacco use (Limet al. 2012). Although the GBD for tobacco did not increase much since 1990, in 2010, tobacco use (including secondhand smoke) was the second most important risk factor driving the GBD, surpassed only by hypertension (Lim et al.2012). It is projected that, by the year 2020, global tobacco-attributable mortality will be 10% (Mathers and Loncar2006), noteworthy as the highest smoking prevalence is among men in low- and middle-income countries(LMICs) (Alwan 2011). Furthermore, alcohol ranked fifth among the risk factors driving the GBD (Lim et al. 2012),with about 6% of deaths worldwide directly resulting from alcohol consumption (Mendis et al. 2014); in LMICs like Kenya, the availability of cheap, homemade brews propagates unregulated alcohol use and is especially risky as they regularly contain toxic levels of methanol (Lo et al. 2013).narcotic drugs use exists in all spheres of society (Wu 2010), including among healthcare workers (Kenna and Lewis 2008). Tobacco and alcohol use among clinicians is of particular concern, as it leads to lower rates of counseling and intervention for these substances (Frank 2007; Frank, Breyan, and Elon2000; Oberg and Frank 2009). This is important as brief counseling interventions for the management of substance use around the world are effective and of low cost (Barrowclough et al. 2001; Dutra et al. 2008), and among the few interventions recommended by the WHO as part of the Mental Health Global Action Plan (WHO 2010b). Furthermore, HCWs’ substance misuse decreases productivity and increases absentee-ism (McFarlin and Fals-Stewart 2002), which is of particular concern in LMICs where human resources to provide health services are scarce (WHO et al. 2006).

Teenagers attending tertiary educational institutions in Nigeria may be more likely to engage in maladaptive coping strategies, such as the use of narcotic drugs, if they are exposed to factors such as poverty, frequent disruptions in academic activities, and a lack of adequate learning tools.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

In the culture in which we live, excessive intake of various drugs is the norm rather than the exception. According to the findings of a study, the misuse of drugs such as alcohol, cigarettes, and marijuana has become more widespread among young people (Adewuya, 2018). According to the conclusions of the research, these chemicals have a deleterious effect, both on users’ physical health and on their behavior. It is also important to note that drug misuse affects people of all ages, socioeconomic statuses, races, and religions, despite current research indicating that substance use is more prevalent among males.

According to the findings of many studies, while under the influence of illicit substances, a significant number of young people engage in antisocial and illegal behaviors and actions. It is not surprising that Palo (2018) found that drugs are ripping apart our society, giving rise to crime, spreading diseases like HIV, and murdering our young and their future. This is possibly the reason why the United Nations has designated June 26 as the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking, while May 31 has been designated as “No Tobacco Smoking 4 Day globally.” This most likely had a role in the Federal Ministry of Health in Nigeria issuing a warning that tobacco smokers have a higher risk of dying at a younger age. Despite this, the drug use that occurs among college freshmen, together with all of the repercussions of this behavior, seems to be a societal issue. This issue is quite widespread, and absolutely everyone is impacted by it. To put it another way, the prevalence of drug use and abuse among students has the potential to attract individuals from a broad variety of backgrounds(Palo, 2018).

This might extend beyond the loss of human life brought on by drug use all the way down to the deterioration of traditional values and ways of life. Studies have also demonstrated that drug misuse destroys individuals, shatters families, and undermines whole societies by placing a load of economic losses, health care costs, and increasing anarchy and criminality on such societies (Hoffman, 2016 and Earl, 2000). Upon this premise that this study will appraise narcotic drugs use among secondary school students in Offa Local Government.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The main objective of this study is to assess the perception of the health practitioners toward the effect of the taken narcotics drugs among the adult teenagers (a case study of Offa local government in some selected secondary school).

Other objectives of this study are:

1. To ascertain the extent adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area.
2. To ascertain the attitude of health practitioners towards the the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers.
3. To determine whether health practitioners play a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs.
4. To find out whether adult teenagers’ attitude imposes a challenge on health practitioners’ effort to educate them about the effects of narcotics drugs.

1.4 Research Questions

The following research questions will be answered in this study:

1. To what extent does adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area
2. What is the altitude of health practitioners towards the the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers?
3. Does health practitioners play a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs?
4. Does adult teenagers’ attitude imposes a challenge on health practitioners’ effort to educate them about the effects of narcotics drugs?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

The following null hypotheses will be validate this study:

H0: Health practitioners does not play a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs.

Ha: Health practitioners plays a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study will be of immense benefits to student, school management as it would help in creating awareness in the society on the general effects of drug abuse on their health most especially the secondary school students.

It would also make the youths to realize that excessive or even small intake of this item (drugs) has inhibitory effects on their brain. The result of this the study would be used in making the secondary school students to have a second thought before partaking in the act.

The study will be significant to the academic community as it will contribute to the existent literature.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study focuses on the perception of the health practitioners toward the effect of the taken narcotics drugs among the adult teenagers (a case study of Offa local government in a selected secondary school. Specifically, this study focuses on ascertaining the extent adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area, ascertaining the attitude of health practitioners towards the the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers, determining whether health practitioners play a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs, and find out whether adult teenagers’ attitude imposes a challenge on health practitioners’ effort to educate them about the effects of narcotics drugs. The respondents for this study will be obtained from the students of the selected schools in Offa local government Area.

1.8 Limitations of the Study

In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Health Practitioner:

A health professional, healthcare professional, or healthcare worker is a provider of health care treatment and advice based on formal training and experience.

Narcotics:

A drug (such as opium or morphine) that in moderate doses dulls the senses, relieves pain, and induces profound sleep but in excessive doses causes stupor, coma, or convulsions.

1.10 Organization of the Studies

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the perception of the health practitioners toward the effect of the taken narcotics drugs among the adult teenager using some selected secondary school in Offa local government Area as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the perception of the health practitioners toward the effect of the taken narcotics drugs among the adult teenager using some selected secondary school in Offa local government Area as a case study.

The study is was specifically set to ascertain the extent adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area, ascertain the attitude of health practitioners towards the the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers, determine whether health practitioners play a significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs, and find out whether adult teenagers’ attitude imposes a challenge on health practitioners’ effort to educate them about the effects of narcotics drugs.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 150 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are students of some selected secondary school in Offa local government Area.

5.3 Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made the following conclusion.

1. The extent adult teenagers engage in the consumption of narcotic drugs in Offa local government Area is high.
2. Health practitioners has negative attitude towards the rate of narcotic drugs consumption among adult teenagers.
3. Health practitioners plays significant role in curtailing adult teenagers intake of narcotics drugs.
4. Adult teenagers’ attitude imposes a challenge on health practitioners’ effort to educate them about the effects of narcotics drugs.

5.3 Recommendation

Base on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were proffered:

1. There is need to design a drugs counselling centres which should purposively be for narcotics drugs issues and family based prevention interventions. As parts of its focus, such counselling should be concerned with skill development in parents-child management practices and parent-child relationship.
2. Government and non-governmental organizations should establish family friendly counselling centres where parents and their children could have interface on narcotics drugs related issues and useful information that would enhance appropriate or healthy attitude towards drug use can be accessed. Children and parents identified with drug problem could also access the centre for remediation.
3. Family involvement should be seen as very crucial to solving narcotics drugs problems. Expectedly, parents and family are very connected with what a child is. This is because acquisition of behaviour is commonly associated with family or parental upbringing.

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