Perceived Influence Of Social Media On Academic Performance Of Student Nurses In School Of Nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu

Perceived Influence Of Social Media On Academic Performance Of Student Nurses In School Of Nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. The study was carried out to determine the extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, ascertain the social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, ascertain the relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, and investigate how the perceived influences of social media influences the academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprised of nursing students of school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 147 respondents and 141 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables, and mean scores. While the hypotheses was tested Pearson correlation statistical tool, SPSS v23. The result of the findings reveals that the extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu is high. Furthermore, the study revealed that the social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu includes: WhatsApp, Facebook , Twitter, Instagram, and TikTok. Therefore, it is recommended that the use of Social media network by students should focus on the academic relevance of those sites instead of using them for negative purposes. This is not good for democracy. To mention but a few.
Table of Content
- Title Page
- Certification
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Content
- List of Tables
- Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem
- 1.3 Objective of the Study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research Hypothesis
- 1.6 Significance of the Study
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Limitation of the Study
- 1.9 Definition of Terms
- 1.10 Organisations of the Study
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.3 Empirical Review
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sample Size Determination
- 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
- 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Validity of the Study
- 3.9 Reliability of the Study
- 3.10 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Answering Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- References
- APPENDIX
- QUESTIONNAIRE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
The world today is celebrating the improvements in communication technology which has broadened the scope of communication through Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs). Modern Technology in communication no doubt has turned the entire world into a “Global village”. But as it is, technology like two sides of a coin, bring with it both negative and positive sides. It helps people to be better informed, enlightened, and keeping abreast with world developments. Technology exposes mankind to a better way of doing things. Social networking sites include: Twitter, Yahoo Messenger, Facebook Messenger, Blackberry Messenger (BBM), Whats app messenger, 2go messenger, Skype, Google talk, Google Messenger, iPhone and Androids. These networking sites are used by most people to interact with old and new friends, physical or internet friends ( Singletonand Straits, 2019). The world has been changed rapidly by the evolution of technology; this has resulted into the use of technology as the best medium to explore the wide area of knowledge.
The evolution of internet technology has led to its use as the best medium for communication. Whereby, two-third of the world’s internet population visits social networking or blogging sites, thus serving as a communication and connection tool. Social networking sites (SNSs) are online Communities of Internet users who want to communicate with other users about areas of mutual interest, whether from a personal, business or academic perspective‖ (Olayinka &Maureen2019). The millions of social networking sites have transformed the thought of global village into a reality whereby billions of people communicate through social networking sites. Numerous benefits have been obtained through distant communication through the use of social networking sites.
Academic excellence or achievement plays an important role in an individual placement, be it in the academic institutions or job placement. Due to this, many people are concerned with the ways they can enhance their academic achievement. The emphasis on academic excellence which is also prevalent worldwide has encouraged many studies about the conditions promoting it. The role of academic achievement as one of the predictors of one’s life success and also in the aspect of academic placement in schools to higher institutions as well as the level of employability in one’s career is inevitable (Peter , 2015).
Academic performance, which is measured by the examination results, is one of the major goals of a school. Hoyle (1986) argued that schools are established with the aim of imparting knowledge and skills to those who go through them and behind all this is the idea of enhancing good academic performance.
Academic performance or achievement is the outcome of education, the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their educational goals. Academic performance is commonly measured by examinations or continuous assessment but there is no general agreement on how it is best tested or which aspects are most important, procedural knowledge such as skills or declarative knowledge such as facts (Peter, Schouten & Valkenburg, 2016).
A direct relationship exists between Social media usage and the academic performance of student nurses in universities. However the darker side within technological evolution has resulted in dilemmas such as the setback of real values of life especially among student nurseswho form the majority of users interacting through the use of social networking sites. Online social networking sites focus on building and reflecting social associations among people who share interests and or activities. With so many social networking sites displayed on the internet, students are tempted to abandon their homework and reading times in preference for chatting online with friends. Many students are now addicted to the online rave of the moment, with Facebook, Twitter etc.
Today most youths and students possess Facebook accounts. The reason most of them perform badly in school might not be far- fetched. While many minds might be quick to blame the poor quality of teachers, they might have to think even harder, if they have not heard of the Facebook frenzy (Ralph&Ralph.2015). Siibak, (2019) noted that these days’ students are so engrossed in the social media that they are almost 24 hours online. Even in classrooms and lecture theatres, it has been observed that some students are always busy pinging, 2going or Facebooking, while lectures are on. Times that ought be channeled towards learning, academic research and innovating have been crushed by the passion for meeting new friends online, and most times busy discussing trivial issues. Hence most students’ academics suffer setback as a result of distraction from the social media. Siibak, (2019), it was observed that the use of these sites also affects students’ use of English and grammar. The students are used to short forms of writing words in their chat rooms; they forget and use the same in the classrooms. They use things like 4 in place of for, U in place of You, D in place of The etc. and this could affect their class assessment.
Social networking sites although has been recognized as an important resource for education today, studies however shows that students use social networking sites such as Facebook for fun, to kill time, to meet existing friends or to make new ones (Younger, Duncan, and Hart, 2018). Although it has been put forward that students spends much time on participating in social networking activities, with many students blaming the various social networking sites for their steady decrease in grade point averages, it also shows that only few students are aware of the academic and professional networking opportunities the sites offered.
According to Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2017), social network websites grab attention of the students and then diverts it towards non-educational and inappropriate actions including useless chatting. Whereas on the other hand, Younger, Duncan, and Hart, (2018) reviewed that the students are socially connected with each other for sharing their daily learning experiences and do conversation on several topics.Siibak, (2019), argued that extracurricular activities and academic activities are not enough to satisfy some student those who are suffered by social networking isolation. This shows that social networks are beneficial for the students as it contributes in their learning experiences as well as in their academic life. Kuppuswamy and Shankar (2017), noted that the Internet is no doubt evolution of technology but specifically social networks are extremely unsafe for teenagers, social networks become hugely common and well-known in past few years. According to Vhatkar (2016) social network websites provide ease of connecting people to one another; free of cost and after connecting one can post news, informative material and other things including videos and pictures etc. Wiley and Sisson (2016) argued that the previous studies have found that more than 90% of tertiary school students use social networks. In the same way Ellison et al (2017) stated that the students use social networking websites approximately 30 minutes throughout the day as a part of their daily routine life. This statement shows the importance of social networking websites in students’ life. Lenhart and Madden (2017) revealed through a survey that students strongly recommend social networking websites to stay in touch with friends to keep informed and aware.
Social information processing theory is an interpersonal communication theory which suggests that online interpersonal relationship development might require more time to develop than face-to-face relationships, but when developed, it has the same influence as face-to-face communication. This means, the more students use social media, the more they influence their disposition to studies, given the fact that friends from social media will begin to exert influence on each other.
1.2 Statement of Problem
The world today is a global market in which the internet is the most important sort of information. Since the advent of social media sites in the 1990s, it is assumed in some quarters that the academic performance of students is facing a lot of neglect and challenges. The educational system in Nigeria is faced with so many challenges which have certainly brought about a rapidly decline in the quality of education. There is a deviation, distraction and divided attention between social networking activities and their academic work. It is observed that students devote more attention to social media than they do to their studies.
Student nurses addictiveness to social networks, student nurses frequency of exposure to social network, social media network that the students are more exposed to and the influence of social media as a medium of interaction between students has been part of discussion in recent times and which have imparted on their academic performance. Instead of students reading their books, they spend their time chatting and making friends via the social media and this might definitely have influence on their academic performance, because when you do not read, there is no way you can perform well academically. It is a common sight to see a student chatting in sensitive and highly organized places like church, mosque and lecture venues. Some are so carried away that even as they are walking along the high way, they keep chatting.
The manufacturing and distribution of equally sophisticated cellular phones has complicated the situation, as students no longer need to visit a cybercafé before they send and receive messages. Attention has been shifted from visible to invisible friends, while important ventures like study and writing might be affected in the process. This phenomenon has become a source of worry to many who believe in knowledge and skill acquisition.
In recent times social media have been a major stay in the minds of students and the world at large thereby causing a lot of drastic measure by students, teacher and even educational administrators at large. It is therefore of great importance to explore some of the trending implications facing students’ academic performance as a result of social media. Student nursesat all levels of learning now have divided attention to studies, as a result of available opportunities to be harnessed from social media. Whether these opportunities promote studies is a question that needs to be answered. Thus, the problem this study investigates the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The main aim of this study is to examine the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. Other aims of this study are:
- Determine the extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
- Ascertain the social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
- Ascertain the relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing.
- Investigate how the perceived influences of social media influences the academic performanceof student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
1.4 Research Question
The following research questions were raised;
- What is the extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu?
- What are the social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses inschool of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu?
- Is there any relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing?
- How does social media influences the academic performanceof student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following hypotheses are generated by the researcher and was tested in this study:
- Ho: There is no significant relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses
- Ha: There is a significant relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses.
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study is significant to the lecturers, parents and students. This study will help the lecturers of the universities especially University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu to know the perceived influence that social media has on student nurses , so as to assist them to enlighten and create awareness to the student nurses on the possible influence it has on them. The study is of significant to parents in the sense that they will know the possible effects these social media usage has on their children, so as to serve as watch-dog to their children on the usage of the social networking site.
The study will enable the students of the senior level so that they will be aware that, apart from the social benefits of this social networking site, using the sites more than necessary will pose possible dangers to their health. It will be relevant in assisting students in understanding the diversity of social media. It will provide relevance material for students and other researchers undertaking similar research. The study will help researchers with more information on the Influence of social media on student’s academic performance.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The focus of this research work is to primarily study the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu. The study will comprise nursing students of school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.
Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.
1.9 Definition of the Terms
Social Media:
They are forms of electronic communication which facilitate interactive base on certain interests. Social media include web and mobile technology.
Academic Performance:
Refers to accomplishing the goals of schooling through school and class attendance, mastering the content, doing assignments and research, sitting for exams and obtaining good grades.
1.10 Organization of the Studies
The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:
5.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
5.2 Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was to examine the perceived influence of social media on academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.The study specifically was aimed to determine the extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, ascertain the social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu, ascertain the relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing, and investigate how the perceived influences of social media influences the academic performanceof student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 141 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents arenursing students of school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu.
5.3 Conclusions
Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made the following conclusion.
- The extent the perceived influence of social media utilization among student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu is high.
- The social media platforms commonly utilized by student nurses inschool of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu includes: Whatsapp, Facebook , Twitter, Instagram, and Tiktok.
- There is a significant relationship between social media and academic performance of student nurses in school of nursing?
- The perceived influences on how social media influences the academic performanceof student nurses in school of nursing, University Of Nigeria Teaching Hospital, Enugu in the following ways: The usage of Wikipedia for research has helped improve my grades, engaging in academic forums on yahoo reduces my rate of understanding, using materials gotten from blogging Sites to complement what I have been Taught in class, and may not will not perform well in my academics even if I stop using social media.
5.4 Recommendations
In the light of the findings of this study, the following recommendations are made:
- Students should be educated on the influence of Social media on their academic performance.
- Students should be monitored by teachers and parents on how they use these sites.
- Teachers should ensure they use the social media as a tool to improve the academic performance of students in schools.
- Students should better manage their study time in and prevent distractions that can be provided by the social media. There should be a decrease in the number of time spent by students when surfing the net.
- Social Networking Sites should be expanded and new pages should be created to enhance academic activities and avoid setbacks in the students’ academic performance.
- The students should create a balance between chit-chatting and academic activities. More attention should be directed to research.
- The use of Social media network by students should focus on the academic relevance of those sites instead of using them for negative purposes.

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