Organization Structure As A Tool For Effective Management
Organization Structure As A Tool For Effective Management
Abstract
This study is on organization structure as a tool for effective management. The total population for the study is 200 staff of Dangote group of company in Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made managers, supervisors, senior officers and junior officers were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Every organization is made up of human and physical resources. The resources are bought together in order to accomplish these objectives, tasks must be identified, the tools and technology required must be provided and a structure of relationships must be created. It is the sole function of management to determine the best structure that will optimizes the utilization of the resources.
Thus organization is a means of achieving the best result from concerted effort, organizations deals with people and their relationship within an enterprise.
It is the type of organization that determine the type of people require and their relationships.
Osisoma defined organization as a social and technological device made up of people and physical factors which process certain inputs, and execute functions and tasks that lead to the accomplishment of specified objective”. Organization is also two or more people working together in a co-ordinate manner to achieve group objective or result.
Akpala said that “organizing is a management function of dividing out the constitutions activities into elemental units for facilitating operations, of grouping the units into wider sub-systems called departments branches or division of placing people or decision makers on to the units created of establishing functional or responsibility and authority relationships between the various units and person holding offices”. Hodget said that “organizing entail the assignment of duties and the co-ordination of efforts among all organizational personnel to ensure.
Maximum efficiency in the attainment of predetermined objective.
Structure can be seen as a framework providing a pattern for organization structure has been defined by Hurley as “patterns of relationships among the various people occupying the positions” Yode said that “organizational structure is a structure that provides a systematic arrangement of functional assignments in which component parts have specialized duties, a;; presumably contributing to the over all objective organization structure has also been defined by Osisoma as “ the framework of the formal relationship within which management can adequately and effectively control, supervise, delegate and fix responsibilities and synchronize the work done by divisions, departments and individuals” Nwachukwu opined that organizational structure. Involves dividing activities into departments, divisions, units and sub-unit defining relationships between the heads and members that make up the units” while KWCHER and MASOW explained that an” organizational structure establishes the responsibility and authority relationships between people in enterprise. The purpose is to find the structure, which will be most efficient and effective. They went further to defined the key word as follows: responsibility refers to the set of duties one must perform, the requirement one is accountable for or answerable to in order to achieve a purpose. Authority is the right or power to give commands to others to perform duties and requirement” these views are in line with the of hinterland, who defined organization structure as the pattern or network relationships between the various positions and position holders.”
The arrangement within the framework of interaction in-the organizational is hierarchical in the organizational is hierarchical. The definition by professor Akpala which saw organizing as the management function of dividing out the institutions activities into elemental units for facilitating operations of grouping the units into wider sub-system called departments, branches or division or establishing function or responsibility and authority relationships between the various units and the persons holding offices, will be adopted that the purpose of the study.
From the following definitions, organizational structure may be for the purpose of this study be defined as the sanctioned network in interactions and relationship between positions, their functions and occupants and a means through which management attempts to achieve predetermined organizational goals. These includes who reports to who, levels and patterns of communication, the specific functions of members of the organization; the rules, regulation and procedures that govern individual activities.
This is because the definition tries to bring in all the important elements in the understanding of organizational structure. The important of development of an appropriate organizational cannot be over emphasized. It provides the over-all guider-line essential for effective employee performance. The organizational structure provides the guidelines for clarifying and communicating the line or responsibility, authority and accountability within the firm.
Organization structure shows clearly the authority relationship in an organization. It vividly defines the centers of authority. Organizational structure provides a framework within which delegation and assignment of responsibility can perfectly take place. It shows line of communication and also helps to provide an effective mechanism for monitoring performance and taking corrective actions.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Main Problem:
This study set out to establish important functions and needs for a well-defined organizational structure so as to prevent overlapping of functions in organization.
Sub-Problem:
The purpose of the study is to examine how a well-defined organization structure helps to achieve an organizational objective so as to bring about efficiency.
Sub-Problem II:
The purpose of the study is to investigate how a well-defined organization structure is arranged in a firm or enterprise do as promote high productivity.
Sub-Problem III:
The purpose of study is to discover how organization structure is designed so as to determine the other of responsibility.
Sub-Problem IV:
The purpose of the study id to examine critically how functions can be clearly shown in an organization structure so as to prevent duplication of functions.
1.3 Objective of the Research
The objectives of the study are;
- To establish the essence of a sound organization structure as a means of achieving total management effectiveness in an organization be it business, government, and religion, educational.
- To ascertain how a well-designed organization structure will be a motivating factor to workers in an organization
- To ascertain the relationship between organization structure and effective organizational management
1.4 Research Hypotheses
For the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;
- H0: there is no relationship between organization structure and effective organizational management
H1: there is relationship between organization structure and effective organizational management - H02: well-designed organization structure will not be a motivating factor to workers in an organization
H2: well-designed organization structure will be a motivating factor to workers in an organization
1.5 Significance of the Study
Proper organizational structure in the organization will reduce role conflicts and avoid stress to managers, it will also specify span of control. It will encourage job specialization in the organization and easy job analysis the research will also help management during job evaluation and performance appraisal. The study will help many corporate organizations and government institutions to know what type of structure will suit then end help them to manage the organization effectiveness.
1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study
The scope of the study covers organization structure as a tool for effective management. The researcher encounters some constrain which limited the scope of the study;
a) Availability of Research Material:
The research material available to the researcher is insufficient, thereby limiting the study
b) Time:
The time frame allocated to the study does not enhance wider coverage as the researcher has to combine other academic activities and examinations with the study.
c) Organizational Privacy:
Limited Access to the selected auditing firm makes it difficult to get all the necessary and required information concerning the activities
1.9 Definition of Terms
Organization Structure:
The typically hierarchical arrangement of lines of authority, communications, rights and duties of an organization.
Boundaryless Organization:
An organization that seeks to eliminate the chain of command, have limitless spans of control, and replace departments with empowered teams.
Bureaucracy:
An organizational design with highly routine operating tasks achieved through specialization; formalized rules and regulations; tasks that are grouped into functional departments; centralized authority; narrow spans of control; and decision making that follows the chain of command
Centralization:
The degree to which decision making is concentrated at a single point in the organization
Decentralization:
The degree to which decision making is distributed to lower-level employees.
Delegation:
Assignment of authority to another person to carry out specific duties, allowing the employee to make some of the decisions
Departmentalization:
The basis on which jobs are grouped together
Environment:
Those institutions or forces outside the organization that potentially affect the organization’s performance.
Formalization:
The degree to which jobs within the organization are standardized
1.8 Organization of the Study
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows
- Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
- Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
- Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
- Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
- Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was on organization structure as a tool for effective management. In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of organization structure as a tool for effective management
5.2 Summary
This study was on organization structure as a tool for effective management. Three objectives were raised which included: To establish the essence of a sound organization structure as a means of achieving total management effectiveness in an organization be it business, government, and religion, educational, to ascertain how a well-designed organization structure will be a motivating factor to workers in an organization, to ascertain the relationship between organization structure and effective organizational management. In line with these objectives, two research hypotheses were formulated and two null hypotheses were posited. The total population for the study is 200 staff of Dangote group of company in Lagos state. The researcher used questionnaires as the instrument for the data collection. Descriptive Survey research design was adopted for this study. A total of 133 respondents made managers, supervisors, senior officers and junior officers were used for the study. The data collected were presented in tables and analyzed using simple percentages and frequencies
5.3 Conclusion
Without employee cannot be done any work assignments, same as their right organization where every employee knows his role. This is the basis of good appointment structure. The organization can be set up as a more or less formal, depending on the intensity of structuring; in fact it can be viewed in three dimensions: formalization, centralization and integration. Results of research carried out in this paper indicate that less formal organization affects the greater efficiency of managers and actually encourages their creative side of thinking about the tasks at work. Sam importance and it actually makes the organizational structure should be well understood managerial employees at all hierarchical levels to actually better understand their role in the company, but also the expectations of their superiors. Middle management needs to create a sense that their decisions are important for the whole company, or to have a significant impact on the overall business.
5.4 Recommendation
Management should critically analyze the effective and the efficiency of the organization by ensuring proper structures are put in place and implemented aim achieving set goals. Organizations should endeavor well structured mechanism in order to achieve laid down objectives
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the importance of organizational structure?
The organizational structure provides the guidelines for clarifying and communicating the line or responsibility, authority and accountability within the firm. Organization structure shows clearly the authority relationship in an organization. It vividly defines the centers of authority.
What is the role of Management in organization?
It is the sole function of management to determine the best structure that will optimizes the utilization of the resources. Thus organization is a means of achieving the best result from concerted effort, organizations deals with people and their relationship within an enterprise.
What is an organization made of?
Every organization is made up of human and physical resources. The resources are bought together in order to accomplish these objectives, tasks must be identified, the tools and technology required must be provided and a structure of relationships must be created.
What is the role of Management in resource allocation?
The resources are bought together in order to accomplish these objectives, tasks must be identified, the tools and technology required must be provided and a structure of relationships must be created. It is the sole function of management to determine the best structure that will optimizes the utilization of the resources.
What is an organizational structure and why it matters?
What Is An Organizational Structure And Why It Matters An organizational structure allows companies to shape their business model according to several criteria (like products, segments, geography, and so on) that would enable information to flow through the organizational layers for better decision-making, cultural development, and goals …
What is an organization?
When we talk about an organization, we are usually referring to a group of people. Organizations of people come in many forms. They might be a random group of people who spontaneously came together to address a short-term need, such as collecting litter along a certain stretch of road.
What is organizational structure?
What is organizational structure? By structure, we mean the framework around which the group is organized, the underpinnings which keep the coalition functioning. It’s the operating manual that tells members how the organization is put together and how it works.
What are the components of organizational system?
The organizational system is defined by, e.g., its legal documents (articles of incorporation, by laws, roles of officers, etc.), mission, goals and strategies, policies and procedures, operating manuals, etc. The organization is depicted by its organizational charts, job descriptions, marketing materials, etc.
What is an organizational process?
…includes activities that establish the business goals of the organization and develop process, product and resource assets which, when used will help to achieve business goals. Managerial process es, resource and infrastructure processes are all in organizational process category.
How does the government allocate resources?
The non-market sector (government) intervenes in the allocation of scarce resources through the planning mechanism. It uses subsidies and taxes to determine the relative price to be charged in the market. When the government charges an indirect tax, the relative price of a commodity rises resulting in a reduction in its demand.
