The National Directorate Of Employment And Unemployment Problem In Nigeria (A Case Study Of Imo State)

Project and Seminar material for Public Administration

Abstract

This research was conducted to find out the levels in which National Directorate of employment has gone in the provision of employment opportunity for school leavers in Imo State Nigeria. Questionnaires and interviews were used to procure the necessary data for this project.

The research findings showed that the National Directorate of employment have a role to play in moral and productivity of unemployed persons in Imo State and means in which the NDE will use to provide employment for school leavers.

This project contains readable chapter from chapter one to chapter five which will be used to provide employment for school leavers. This project contains subject matters of National Doctorate of employment.

Table Of Contents

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title page
• Approval page
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of contents

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the study
• 1.2 Statement of problem
• 1.3 Objectives of the study
• 1.4 Research questions
• 1.5 Significance of the study
• 1.6 Scope of the study
• 1.7 Limitation of the study
• 1.8 Definition of terms

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature Review

• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Nature of Employment and Unemployment
• 2.3 Global unemployment trend
• 2.4 Unemployment in Nigeria
• 2.5 Government policies towards curbing unemployment
• 2.6 National directorate of employment as a measure of solving the problem

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Design and Methodology

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Research design
• 3.3 Source/method of data collection
• 3.4 Population and sample size
• 3.5 Sample technique
• 3.6 Validity and reliability of measuring instrument
• 3.7 Method of data analysis

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Analysis of Data

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Presentation of data
• 4.3 Analysis of data
• 4.4 Test of Hypothesis
• 4.5 Interpretation of result(s)

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

• 5.1 Introduction
• 5.2 Summary and data findings
• 5.3 Conclusion
• 5.4 Recommendations
• References
• Appendix

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background Of The Study

Before the administration of General Abacha came into the helm of affairs of the state, unemployment has acquired the notorious status of being one of the many problems defying solutions by successive government. The problem became compounded in the mid 1970 when the government increases the unemployment rate into the society through massive entrenchment exercise.

The permanence that unemployment seemed to have acquired has become a big worry to successive administration, that is the reasons why General Ibrahim Badamosi Barbangida’s Administration transition programme, this problem was addressed in the concept of the mass mobilization economic recovery, self reliance and social justice (MANSER).

According to Anthony (1985:93) the fact that the federal government strengthened the federal ministry of labour to include among other things, the national directorate of employment, shows its way prepared to tackle the unemployment issue. The primary function of the directorate is job creation for the jobless.

The main thing is to explore the effort in tackling the unemployment issue in the country in General and the state in particular through national directorate employment, this project works through the National Directorate of employment’s philosophy is the creation of employment with emphasis on self reliance and entrepreneurship; under its four core programme that was initiated to free our youths from unemployment and to re-orient them from paid employment to self employment.

Lastly, National Directorate of employment operation underwent fundamental re-direction meant to shake off opportunities and some of the unserious applicants. Programme showed that most of the trainees were more interested in the fifty thousand Naira (N50,000) monthly allowance than to acquire useful skills, the directorate then abolished a stipends in 1991. Saving accruing there form is now invested in training programme and also to provide take off dutiful trainees at the end of joining programme period.

The trust of directorate programme is to assist applicants to set up their own business. In agriculture, small scale business and to enable them to put additional hand in their establishment and hence achieve the aim of reducing the level of unemployment.

According to Barry (1975:20) in the urban areas, the unemployment rate was so high which is over 10% in the rural areas. The youths and graduates are employed with the growing joblessness. There was a growing dependency among youths among their parents. Ex-president Ibrahim Badamosi Babandiga in hi 1991 budget speech directed the N.D.E charged with the establishment “to concentrate its effort of the reactivity of public works, promotion of direct labour, promotion of self employment organization of artisans into co-operation and encouragement of a culture maintenance and repair. The board of directors of the National Directorate of employment ensures proper implementation of the directives, have articulated four practical programmes nationwide, each operating as a separate department. The programmes are:

1. National youth employment and vocational skills development programme.
2. Small scale industries and graduates employment programme
3. Agriculture sector employment programme
4. Special public work programme

These programmes are backed by the necessary administrative monitory and support personnel, thus enabling optimum use of resources and prompt response to the requirement of the public we serve.

National directorate of employment was designed to utilize valuable manpower resources in carrying out some public important works using labour intensive technology an to enable the participants obtain short-term employment which acquires new skill and trade experiences.

Farmers could become possible for them to market their products for the well being of their immediate family in particular. The fact here is that while the farmers strive to improve the harvest from his farm the government through agencies, provide facilities that could enable the farmers’ process and market his products.

1.2 Statement Of Problems

School leavers constituted the greatest number of unemployed youth in the state; moving round the state in search of jobs. Some people in the state claimed the directorate have been able to reduce the rate of unemployment among graduate and school leavers to 60% from its original 80% since the inception of the national director of employment in 1986. In spite of the promise made by the national directorate of employment in 1987 to create technically oriented job for Nigerians twelve years have passed yet the rate of those waiting for the NDE’s promise had increased.

1.3 Objective Of The Study

Based on the above, this study is:

1. To find out the extent the National Directorate of employment has gone in reducing the unemployment problem in Imo State since its inception in 1986.
2. To find out possible solution to this problems.
3. To reveal and highlight some problems militate against its operation in the state.

1.4 Research Questions

This research on the National Directorate of employment and unemployment problem in Nigeria with reference to Imo State has raised some questions among exports and professionals which this study has attempted to address. In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the following research questions intended or have been asked by the researcher:

1. What are the method of job creation for unemployed person in Imo State?
2. What are the effects/impacts of unemployment in Imo State?
3. How does National Directorate intend to create job opportunity for school leavers?

1.5 Significance Of The Study

This project work is design to offer possible solution to the problem facing National Directorate of employment so that the high population of unemployed youth in Imo State will be significantly reduce.
It will also be a relevant document for further research in related areas.

1.6 Scope Of The Study

This study deals mainly on the effect of unemployment in Nigeria especially in Imo State. It cause motivation and also tries to determine the possible solutions to the problem of unemployment. The study will be limited to Imo State in Nigeria.

1.7 Limitations Of The Study

The researcher during the course of this research, encountered some forces or limitations. The limitations include:

1. Lack of materials: This is one of the major constraints faced by the researcher. The scarcity of material contributed to the setback of the research.
2. Literature on National Directorate of employment. Hence, reliance on Newspapers, journals, magazines and others. Some of the respondents and answer to some of the completed questionnaires were not retuned by some of the respondents.

1.8 Definition Of Terms

For the purpose of this study, the following terms are used:

NDE:

National Directorate of Employment charge with the responsibility of creating self employment among the citizens through its different programmes.

Unemployment Rate:

Unemployment rate is a ration between the number of employment and number of people in labour force.

Retrenchment:

This is a general phenomenon whereby people who are able and willing to work loose their work everyday in Nigeria.

ILO:

International Labour Organization is a body in charge of workers affairs world wide.

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion And Recommendation

5.1 Introduction

Nigeria is a federation that is usually faced with series of problems.

These problems are sometimes so pronounced that it tends to shake the foundation in which the Nation is built.

This research work tends to investigate, analyze, examine and determine that the National Directorate of employment has affected the country’s economy.

5.2 Summary Of Finding

From all indications made so far, the research work has shown that before the establishment the National Directorate of Employment, there was high rate of unemployment, which shows that that Directorate has a lot to do to correct the imbalance that exist between the employed and unemployed in the state. It also spells out the philosophy of National Directorate of unemployment in creation self reliance and entrepreneurship under its main practices programme.

However, different scholars on the meaning prospect the problems of unemployment have equally been playing probably to revitalize the economy.

The major findings of information from the questionnaire are:

1. The National Directorate of Employment is playing a vital role to revitalize the economy.
2. That the NDE should be encouraged.
3. NDE’s operations and beneficiaries are faced with problems.
4. The allowance given to the apprentice is enough

5.3 Conclusion

This research paper has tried to investigate and analyze in detail, the effort of the National Directorate of employment in reducing unemployment rate in Nigeria.

Majority of the respondents believed that NDE programmes should continue to exist since they assist to reduce unemployment retain in the state. as national directorate of employment is faced with and tried to revitalize the economy, it should be encouraged to perform better. Observation also shows that National Directorate of Employment is faced with series of problems which range from findings given out loans to beneficiaries, recovery of the state managerial problems. The follow up of the directorate is to a poor, inadequate supervision of the apprentice on training by the directorate non-proper utilization of the loan given out by NDE to beneficiary, ineffectiveness of the staff, etc. In spite of all these problems, National Directorate of Employment still needs to be encouraged by the both.

5.4 Recommendations

National directorate of employment in spite of its contributions towards reducing the unemployment rate in Nigeria, cannot thrive very well because of inadequate findings by the government to increase the productivity who will in turn increase the money given to NDE to enhance their performance.

Government should continue to assist National Directorate of Employment in Nigeria.

There is an allegation that there are ghost beneficiaries. Directorate should ensure that occurrence of ghost beneficiary does not exist. Arrangements should be made with bank to ensure that any beneficiary of employment before the first withdraw and the subsequent one which will be a function judicious spending of previous disbursement.

In other words, banks should provide export evaluation and additional funds as necessary cumulative consultative experiences has shown that the location of beneficiaries address is always a problems where is often included by some participants using the address of other parents in their application form subject railing their own business premises when the loan is disbursed, beneficiaries may turn down approved loan without necessary informing banks to delete their names especially because they have secured paid employment. National directorate of employment monitoring offices should however, take extra pains to locate beneficiaries if participants have given prior notice to either bank of the NDE.

In addition, there is no proper instruction by the director and directorate of those centers where they are being trained to ensure proper training and to avoid proliferation of mediocre.

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