Motivation And Organizational Efficiency In Nigeria Public Services

Project and Seminar material for Public Administration

Abstract

Staff motivation is indispensable and is the vital part of management workers need to be motive for efficiency and effective productivity. This research work is on the impact of financial motivation on worker’s productivity. the instrument used for collecting data is the questionnaire consisting of thirteen (13) question and divided into two (2) sections, section one is one of the subsequent sections which contains the research questions, data gathered was analyzed using simple percentage method and was likewise displayed on tables, it was found out that the impact of motivation on workers in the organization under study cannot be overemphasized. The study also found out that workers in the organization under study are adequately motivated financially with good working condition and working environment. In conclusion however, it is seen that workers at Rumba South Police Division are motivated in their areas of works.

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Organization employ people in order to use them realize their goal. People equally join organization in order to achieve their own objective in life. It therefore follows that, for organization to get the best of workers, it must offer them the opportunity of realizing their goals to a reasonable extent once the worker believed that he can realize his personal objectives by helping the organization to realize, its objectives, he is bound to offer his best. Thus behavioural scientists believe that workers performance requires motivation, ability and a reward system that encourage quality work.

Often we ask ourselves questions “why do people have as they do? However, the information we gather points at motivation which is a term popularly used to refer to the cause or way of behavior because psychologist are aware that many aspect of behavior are determined by motivation or learning that confide the concept of motivation to these factors which energizes and give direction to behavior.

The concept of motivation and its effect on workers behavior is one that seems very popular, among managers but in practices. Only very few actually understand what motivation is. We are going to treat the subject matter of motivation in this chapter, with a view of showing its importance in the life and well being of organizations, while hoping to bridge the gap between its theory and practice.

Usually a motivated person will engage in an activity more vigorously and more efficiently than unmotivated person, apart from activating a person or other organism, motivation tends to direct or focus behavior for instance. A thirsty person is always ready to look for water to drink. Motivation is any influence that brings out, direct or maintain people goal directed behavior. Also the sets the sets of force that initiate behavior and determine its forms, direction, intensity and duration. Motivation can as well be defined as the act of directing an individual’s behavior towards a particular end through the manipulation of incentives. Individuals are influenced by certain need and desire. Once such identified, their provision or otherwise can affect their behavior in predictable way.
Human being, whatever their background and orientation may be motivated in one way or the other. Bokes (1975) stated the fact that there is a basic for every human action implies that motivation is unavoidable in all fact of human endeavour. To the individual executing actions whatever the actions, the reason for such propellant might not be visible and immediately know to him but a careful and profound analysis of the reason for such behavior still reveal a force deeply and fundamentally rooted in motivation. No wonder in trying to explain the meaning of motivation Koontz (1978) said motivation is an inner state that energized activities of moves and direct or channels behavior towards goal accomplishment.

Therefore, motivation is one of the most contributory factors to the success or failure of organization goals. Motivation as observed by Brech E.F (1975) P.I.Z involves getting the members of the team to pull three weights effectively to give their loyalty to the group and to task, to carryout properly the activities allocated and generally to play effective part in the operation service or tasks, that the organization has undertake. In other words motivation has to do with inspiring the morale of the worker. In such a circumstance the workers need to perceive the achievement of his personal goal. He therefore became easier to manager like the Macgregor or theory of man he now begins to derive job satisfaction from working and from achieving result.

In the absence of motivation in whatever form it would be fallacious to say that human beings will only vegetate without and effort for mental activity. It takes a student for instance the reason for academic pursuit may be numerous, if field, successful in his chosen profession or career. A worker who is not motivated is not likely to give efficient and effective service, therefore, production will be at its lowest and not able depressed after all the essence of hard work is to derive some reward.

The person of motivation in any form in whatever field of human endeavour enhances performance and in many case increase productivity a worker who is motivated will not only be happy with his job but also will in addition give or put in his best in the work. He will seek better ways of performing any function and increase his quest for creativity, motivation as well as sense of belonging to the particular organization. It should be noted that the positive impact of motivation on worker, in the organization is effective performance motivation could be informed of payment of salary (good salaries) job design, job security, job enrichment. Good career prospect, good work environment, realization of self esteem, medicine subsidized metal and transport, good retirement benefit etc. manager and management have long believed that organizational goals are unattainable without the enduring commitment of members of the organization.

Motivation is a human psychological characteristic that contribute to a person’s degree of commitment.
It is one of the several factors that go into a person performance. This study is therefore intended to highlight how motivation affects productivity of worker in general and staff workers in particular, it is also a study designed to find out the relationship between enhance performance and motivation.

1.2 Statement of Problems

This study is to identify motivational techniques employed by organizations to enhance the performance of their staff workers. It will also identify the prospects and constraints of techniques while recommending the most effective of them all. The research intends to identify methods of application of techniques and how they ginger up staff workers for enhanced productivity.

Over the years it been observed that majority of workers in the country have suffered from inadequate, if not complete lack of incentive resulting in low productivity. As a result it becomes necessary for some organization to resort to employing several management approaches to enhance the performance of their workers.

Proper and effective handily of motivation techniques as will be suggested in this research work, will likely spur the worker to put in the maximum effort towards achieving the organizational goals and objectives.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

To find out the importance of motivation.
To determine ways of motivating staff in achieving enhance performance.
To examine whether or not organization benefit the motivation of staff.
To make proper recommendation as to hoe to predict the need for the successful realization of their goals.
To ascertain the effect of lack of motivation on the productivity of staffs in the organization.

1.4 Research Questions

To carry out this research effectively, certain questions are asked in order to ascertain the relevance of this study to the organization.

Such questions are as follows:

What is the importance of motivation?
Are there ways of motivating staff in achieving enhanced performance?
Do organizations benefit from the motivation of staff workers?
What is the effect performance of staff workers

1.5 Significance of Study

Employees are valuable profit making particular of business organization. According to A.U. Ohiri (1998) a truly motivated worker or person is one who wants to work. This means that if one is not adequately motivated, one will not discharge his duties well. Management should bear in mind, that if workers are not properly motivated, their level of productivity will drop. Therefore, this study will go along way by providing a frame of work on how to motivate workers adequately using only limited resources of the employees, ascertain the effect of motivation on the working place. The study will recommend and to management of business organization various ways of determining the impact of motivation on their workers so as to actively achieve organization objectives. It will help the workers and management draw a distinction between monetary incentives and other motivational techniques such as fringe benefit and advancement applied as in inducement to staff worker’s work enhancement in order to boat productivity.

1.6 Scope of the Study

To carry out the research effectively, the study will be delaminated to all workers’ working in Orumba South police station.

These firms are chosen because they have competent, willing, dedicated workers who are ready to put in their effort in the work provided they are the people that will supply information needed for this study.

1.7 Limitations of the Study

Notwithstanding, the areas of the study covered during the research, the study was greatly affected by certain constraints which because unavoidable within the time limits.

Time Constraints:

The research was constrained by the time limit. This posed a threat to the successful coverage intending in the course of this study.

Cost Factor:

It is not usually that the prevailing economic predicament posed to great extent of problem in procuring the material/information needed other relevant statistical data.

However, the researcher was about to scale through, the hurdle in availing himself of the relevant data constraint here on.

Notwithstanding, the foregoing limitation associated with this study, the project was well conceived and concluded to serve the purpose for which is intended.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Certain key terms in this study are defined for effective understanding by users of this work. Some of such terms are as explained here under:

1. Staff:

Somebody or person younger or lower in rank or position than other.

2. Worker:

Person who is part of the productivity process.

3. Motivation:

The process of influencing or encouraging subordinated of followers to work for a course desire by the leader.

4. Performance:

Faithful commitment to doing or executing ones responsibilities in an organization.

5. Productivity:

Being productive, power of being productive increased efficiency and the rate at which good are provided.

6. Management:

The people in charge of organizing a business, that art of managing a business.

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarized the data collected and analyzed the summary consider the different response from respondent in the issue of motivation.

At the end of the summary, there will be conclusion which will include the divergent factors highlighted in this research work.

Recommendation will be made based on the problem identified in the course of the work. The recommendation will also aim at improving and remedying some issues rose in the work.

5.2 Summary of Findings

The research has conducted an investigation on workers for enhanced performance and how the existence or lack of this factor affects their job performance. The following are the principal finding for the study.

That staff/ workers needs motivation from the organization because of the importance of motivation in achieving enhanced job performance. This is infected from the response obtained in the questionnaire. Do you think that the motivation of staff/ workers is of any importance in the achieving enhanced performance?

The study also finds out that there are divergent ways on the motivation of staff /workers for enhanced performance. From the analysis of data, salary ranks the highest as what actually staff/workers while most establishments adopted good working environment as the motivation techniques for achieving enhanced performance of staff/workers.

The study also revealed that organization benefits immensely from the motivation of staff/worker for enhanced performance. Therefore, increased productivity ranked the highest test from the response to the question what is or are the benefits of organization is motivation staff workers? From the study, the researcher was able to find the effect of lack of motivation of staff/workers for enhanced performance and low productivity is seen to major effect.

Finally, it was observed from that staff/workers are indispensable to organization and so need to be motivated for enhancing their performance. This is drawn from the question “what advice or suggestion would you give to the organization which does not motivate staff/workers for enhanced performance.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the summary of the research finding on the motivation of staff/workers for enhanced performance in Orumba South Police Division, the following conclusions are drawn:

That worker in Orumba South Police Division is motivated in their work.
That salary conversely monetized incentive is what actually motivates workers.

What most organization adopt good working environment as the motivational techniques used in bringing out the best from staff/ workers. The provision of good working environment puts them to put in the best and attain high efficiency, increased moral and job satisfactions.

That there is increase productivity on the part of the motivated workers which is a work benefit to the organizational concerned. That lack of motivation result in a negative effect on performance of staff workers.

Finally, that staff/workers are indispensable to organization and need motivation to boost their morale, which in turn increase their performance productivity.

5.4 Recommendations

The guide environment and enunciated below are derivative from the foregoing discussion of motivation of staff/workers for enhanced performance. The recommendation however, not the panacea and therefore not the final state of events but exploratory, it is hoped that it will assist manager or organization in formulating, maintaining and improving a more comprehensive instrument for workers motivation. It is equally hoped that its modest application will eliminate some of the impediments of decreased productivity in organization.

Management should reappraise and reevaluate the present salary structure of staff workers with a view to increasing it optimum productivity is to be achieved and maintained.
Staff/workers work last most of the times result of their job schedule in the flight of the above assertion adequate fringe benefit such as overtime payment, leave allowance and compensation payments should be given to them to compensate their light scheme.
Provision of office equipment and furniture sufficient to assist the workers in the performance of their duties is very important.
Staff /workers wishing to purse or undergo future studies should be encourage and allowed by management to do so because of the contribution of such factor in achieving enhanced performance.
The potentials of staff/workers should be well harnessed and utilized to eliminate whatever feeling of insecurity their job position.
The management should there for strive to encourage their workers by improving factors used in motivating theme and also to make sure that they motivating theme and make sure that they avoid irregular payment of non-payment of worker’s salaries and allowance which easily lead to strive actions.
The work environment of workers should be made conducive for efficient performance and increase productivity, it is this atmosphere that the workers can feel satisfied and work to their ability.
Unsatisfied need so of the workers must be determined by the workers employees who want to create a positive motivating setting. A good employer should effectively strategize to give his workers the satisfaction they deserved for job. Additionally, Peter Ejiofor set out four conditions for optimum motivation, namely:
- To employers organization must hold out rewards desired by the workers.
- The workers must perceive that the desired can be obtained only through the excretion of greater effort on his part.
- The reward must achieved and as immediately as possible.
- The worker must be mentally and physically able to strive for the reward.

The questions now are: can employer organization hold out rewards and it willing to give out rewards as immediately as they have been genuinely earned? Does the worker perceive that the desired reward can be obtained only through the excretion of greater effort on his past? To the extents that the questions are answer positively, to that extent are workers motivated.

Finally, the above recommendation if efficiently adhered to by authorities concerned and as well fully implemented staff/workers will be properly motivated by their employees. This will surely enhance performance and effective achievement of the organization goals.

5.5 Areas for Further Research

A research work should be woven around “leadership” styles and workers performance. This will effectively discover how leadership adopted by any organization affects the performance of its staff.
A research work should be carried out on the title of this project in other state of the federation to make effective comparative analysis.

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