Integrated Web-Based Management Application For Small Business Enterprise (SME)

Computer Science Project Material with Source Code Included

Abstract

The appearance of the Internet has led to a revolution in many spheres of human activity, however, probably the biggest impact it has had in developing the global business environment. Information, their availability and speed of exchange are the basis of successful modern business enterprise, and the Internet in this context is the perfect tool for finding and distributing information. Complex, Web applications have become essential for survival and development of modern enterprises in a global, international markets. Web applications are by nature distributed applications, which means that they are programs that run on more than one computer and communicate via a network. Specifically, the web application is accessed via a web browser and therefore update and maintain web applications without installing special software on potentially thousands of client computers is a key reason for their popularity. This research work describes integrated management Web applications how it can be used and manage a SME. The researcher used the web programming language PHP, JAVA and MYSQL as its database and Java script for form validation to achieve the project work which will be implemented at the end of this research wok.

Table Of Content

Cover page
Title page
Approval page
Dedication
Abstract
Acknowledgment
Table of content

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the research
1.2 Statement of research problem
1.3 Objectives of the study
1.4 Significance of the study
1.5 Scope of the study
1.6 Limitation of the study
1.7 Definition of terms

Chapter Two:

Literature Review

2.0 Introduction
2.1 Review of concept
2.2 Review of related work
2.3 Empirical studies
2.4 Theoretical framework
2.5 Summary of the review

Chapter Three:

System Analysis

3.1 Introduction
3.2 Method of data analysis
3.3 Feasibility study
3.4 Method of data collection
3.5 Problem of the existing system
3.6 Justification for the new system

Chapter Four:

System Design

4.1 Program structure
4.2 File maintenance module
4.3 Main menu specification
4.4 System modeling
4.5 Information flow diagram
4.6 System flow chat
4.7 Activity diagram
4.8 Program flow chart
4.9 Database specification and design

Chapter Five:

System Testing And Documentation

5.1 Introduction
5.2 Program language justification
5.3 Systems requirement
5.4 Implementation details
5.5 Procedure testing plan

Chapter Six

Summary, Conclusion And Recommendations

6.1 Summary
6.2 Conclusion
6.3 Recommendation
Bibliography
Source code

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

Web based management application system is a program that allows users of manage and control the activities of their business over the internet, this system allows them to makes sales and get paid for the goods they have on store, this system also give them the inventory control of the business too.

A management system is the framework of policies, processes and procedures used to ensure that an organization can fulfill all tasks required to achieve its objectives

Management of enterprise application systems is not easy. I.T teams have to quickly embrace newer techniques that will enable such systems to be managed effectively. Central to these techniques is to capture, build, and make available libraries of reusable knowledge about the systems they have to manage. The framework of knowledge areas presented in this document is a starting point for IT teams to organize these libraries.

Current generation application systems are complex ecosystems—the various applications within the ecosystem have many interdependencies among them and are generally integrated at a platform level; they are not a collection of independent applications using application level integration schemes. There is a strong interdependency between business systems, IT systems, software systems, platforms, and IT infrastructure. As a result, a holistic management of the entire ecosystem is required to achieve consistently high quality of service—they cannot be managed as independent silos.

The complexity of these systems implies that IT teams tasked with their management need to have specialized interdisciplinary knowledge and techniques beyond what has been traditionally used to manage individual elements of infrastructure business data.

1.1 Background of the Research

In today’s production world, an effective manufacturing company (whether small, medium or large) depends upon the accurate and precise planning of manufacturing resources such as materials, machines, tools, processes, labour, and capacity (Andijani and Selim, 1996). In the past, different companies have adopted different MPC systems according to their organizational activities and resources (Chan and Burns, 2002). Recent research has shown that Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) are far behind the Large Enterprises (LEs) in certain planning and manufacturing environment especially in developing countries due to limited resources and economy (Uddin and Saeed, 2010). In today’s manufacturing environment, a company can rarely survive without implementing any one of the MPC systems (Wacker and Hanson, 1997).

According to Humphreys et al (2001), “Improving and increasing the competitiveness is now essential for small and large businesses alike”. MPC approaches can be placed into two categories, namely the quantitative approach and the systems approach. The quantitative approach contains Statistical Inventory Control (SIC), Aggregate Production Planning (APP) and Reorder Point (ROP), whilst on the other hand the systems approach includes Period Batch Control (PBC), MRP, MRP II, Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP), Just-In-Time (JIT) production, Optimized Production Technology (OPT), Hierarchical Production Planning (HPP), Constant Work-In-Process (CONWIP) and the Hybrid MPC system (Chan and Burns, 2002).

In the late 1960’s, an effective MPC system approach known as MRP originated and played vital role to form an effective inventory strategy in an environment of known demand (He et al, 2005). This MRP system was initially implemented in the air line and mobile industries (Moustakis, 2000). After a decade, the production world realized that the MRP system required some essential changes in terms of looking at additional manufacturing resources other than materials planning (Porter et al, 1999). Therefore, in the late 1980’s, major changes were made which led to the evolution of new system approach known as MRP II (Wong and Kleiner, 2001).

1.2 Statement of Research Problem

The present system uses a manual method of operation to run their business transaction and activities, due to that, they have not been able to keep a standard record of business operations. In the present, record management is very difficult to track, sales made previously are quickly forgotten just in no time, debit record have errors in them as a result of bad record keeping and entry. The management cannot tell the stock they have, when it runs out on stock or otherwise. With this reason the researcher sort to embark on this study so as to find a solution to this problem.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The objective of his researcher study is to solve the problem listed in the research problem or the research statement. Therefore, the researcher have proposed a new system a web based management application for the enterprise, a system that will help them in the management of their business transaction and activities. The new system will attempt to solve the following.

Manage the business operation
Keep sales record and debit
Keeps inventory records and stock.
Saves records in a systematic secure manner easily accessible
A system that will allow the enterprise sales over the internet.

1.4 Significance of the Study

This study is primarily aimed at increasing efficiency in operations, reducing maintenance and running cost, monitoring the supply of goods and its distribution and increase profit in the Nigerian SME by introducing a web based management application control system.

Also the knowledge that would be obtained from this research will assist the management to grow,also this research work will also be of help to the upcoming researcher in this field of study both with the academic students on their study.

1.5 Scope of the Study

The scope of this study covers the elifree global Tech PLC as a whole, and its business operation which include sales, distribution and the general public service to the clients. More of the business record management, the business debit record management, the business inventory and stocks records, the business cash sales and online sales

1.6 Limitation of the Study

This project was constrained by the following factors:

(a) Financial Constraints

Bearing in mind the economic state of the nation, it was found difficult in making both ends meet, because of the exorbitant nature of things nowadays in travelling for the collection of data needed for the project.

(b) Time Constraints

Looking at the interval between the resumption and vacation of the final semester for the project to be completed, the time given seemed to be short for the collection of required information for better work to be done.

(c) Non-Availability of Material

During this project, it was noticed that the required materials needed for the project are not documented. Those that were documented lacked storage facilities where they can be reached.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Software:

Is a collection of data that tells the system how to perform a particular task or operation. Or a sequential step by step process of carrying out a task instruction.

System:

Is a set of computer components (that is, the assembling of hardware, software and peripherals to function together)

Database:

A database is a systematically arranged collection of computer data so that it can automatically retrieved of manipulated. It is also called a data bank.

Application:

An application program (or application for short) is a computer program designed to perform a group of coordinated functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of the user.

Chapter Six

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

6.1 Summary

WBMA or Inventory proportionality is the goal of demand-driven inventory management. The primary optimal outcome is to have the same number of days’ (or hours’, etc.) worth of inventory on hand across all products so that the time of run-out of all products would be simultaneous. In such a case, there is no “excess inventory,” that is, inventory that would be left over of another product when the first product runs out. Excess inventory is sub-optimal because the money spent to obtain it could have been utilized better elsewhere, i.e. to the product that just ran out.

The secondary goal of inventory proportionality is inventory minimization. By integrating accurate demand forecasting with inventory management, replenishment inventories can be scheduled to arrive just in time to replenish the product destined to run out first, while at the same time balancing out the inventory supply of all products to make their inventories more proportional, and thereby closer to achieving the primary goal. Accurate demand forecasting also allows the desired inventory proportions to be dynamic by determining expected sales out into the future; this allows for inventory to be in proportion to expected short-term sales or consumption rather than to past averages, a much more accurate and optimal outcome. With this new system, the difficulties encountered with the manual inventory control system are overcome. The automated inventory control system reduces the workload of the staff, saves time and increases efficiency. The records of the company are safe and secure, distribution process is well managed, errors are minimized, and reports generated for management are accurate thereby increasing the profit margin.

6.2 Conclusion

In the light of software engineering methods, we gather requirements, analyze and figure out the workflow, design methods and structures, construct scenarios, make tests, code the software, debug the faults and bugs, and finally we obtain a new Web Base Management Application software. Our first aim is to develop the WEMA software that is able to meet the requirements gathered. During the development process, there are many feedbacks, leaded us to re-design.

The software has the ability to track, to keep history, to give detailed reporting for each inventory. Also modules of the software manage the services and operations for inventories and users. Briefly, we could satisfy the user’s requirements.

It is also a scalable and a flexible solution. No matter how fast business’s growing, proposed software can adapt to meet or exceed the requirements.

A new, functionally content rich software architecture model of a WBMA is developed, presented, implemented and discussed. This level of implementation detail does not commonly appear in the literature. We believe this is a significant contribution.

6.3 Recommendation

Having carefully examined the usefulness of computer in eliminating most of the errors and hindrances that ensue from paper work, I recommend this WEMA system to elifree global Tech PLC, Lagos Headquarter, Lagos in order to enable them produce an efficient inventory management and likewise reduce the complexity of manual work.
Research and development being continuous processes; is the same in computer and software development. This system will be useful since it is computerized and will promote effective, efficient and improve service delivery thereby promoting profit oriented manufacturing. The employment of computer personnel for an effective maintenance of the system will enhance a maximum output of this package and the use of computer in inventory system.

Adopting this system, the following should be taken into consideration, training of staff, security measures, and the provision of dependable real time processing system for speedy responses. Finally, the project work is likewise recommended to different sections in an organization and every other manufacturing/business organization that still carry out their operation manually because automated WBMA system handles the problem of time constraints and errors that arises when jobs are carried out manually.

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