Influence Of Text Availability And Students Reading Habits On Students Academic Achievement In Literature In English

Influence Of Text Availability And Students Reading Habits On Students Academic Achievement In Literature In English

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English using senior secondary schools in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State as a case study. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size cut across 15 selected senior secondary schools in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 35 respondents and 30 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. The result of the findings reveals that inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English. The study also revealed that lack of affordability of text books/Novels affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English. And students reading habit affects their achievement in Literature-in-English. Therefore, it is of the researcher’s opinion that reading culture should be inculcated into the students at an early stage. Teachers should use teaching methods and approaches that would make students have an interest in reading. The parents, the teachers, and curriculum developers should play their part collectively and individually in developing interest, positive perception, and attitude of students towards reading.

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Teaching and learning resources comprise of three basic components namely; human resource, physical facilities and material resources. Material resources include textbooks, set books, all classroom equipment such as desks, chairs, chalkboards, all laboratory equipment and library resources. Noordin et al.(2010) opined that teachers have a role of creating a conducive learning environment for children by making their lessons exciting using the available teaching and learning resources such as textbooks, novels etc. Students with an enthusiastic teacher have a greater interest in learning and try to search for more knowledge.

A study on textbooks and school library provision in secondary education in Sub-Sahara Africa by Wold Bank (2008), revealed that there was a serious shortage of textbooks and libraries services. Asiabaka (2008) carried out a study on effective management of schools in Nigeria and noted that, disparity in acquisition of school facilities among schools was due to failure of the government to formulate a policy directive on minimum standards of school facilities. This is why some schools had adequate school resources such as well equipped libraries and other teaching and learning materials while others had poorly equipped libraries and insufficient teaching and learning materials. In this same vein, Olaniyan and Ojo (2008) noted that one of the factors hindering students performance in Literature-in-English in Nigerian secondary schools was lack of textbooks and relevant study manuals. The inadequate provision of those relevant and updated study materials has not just affected students performance in Literature subject, but has as well influenced their reading habit/culture. In Nigeria, public discussions frequently focus on educational standards. The public’s unhappiness becomes more prominent in the reported cases of poor and continued decline in the academic performance in the Senior School Certificate Examination across Nigeria (Umameh, 2011; Alimi et al., 2012; Ajayi and Osalusi, 2013; Duruji et al., 2014) as student outcomes did not match the government and parental investments. In the view of Duruji et al. (2014), their study reported that student non-commitment and quality of teaching had been a limitation to excellent academic achievement. Several factors have been linked with poor academic performance of students, which include poor reading or study habits of a student. An Individual’s studying pattern/behaviour affect the amount of information that such an individual adds to his or her short and long term memory.In promoting academic excellence, study habits (Gbore, 2006a&b) and factors such as effective use of time, student concentration, learning procedure, and consultations (Adeyemo, 2005) have been identified to dictate the academic performance of students.

In Nigeria, the poor academic performance of secondary school students in Literature-in-English with its negative consequences has been of concern to many parents, teachers, counsellors, and educational administrators. The poor academic performance has been attributed to lack of adequate teaching facilities, unqualified teachers, students’ poor study habits, psychological adjustment problems such as anxiety, stress, and depression, and students’ lack of financial support such as scholarships, bursary awards, and loans. In the light of the above, this study seeks to examine the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Students poor academic achievement in Literature-in-English both in internal and external examinations has been a thing of concern by teachers, other school authorities, as well as the parents. According to Emeka(2012), majority of senior secondary school students does not have a positive attitude towards Literature as they believed that it involves voluminous reading and comprehension of unfamiliar vocabularies. This perception is attributable to the teachers teaching and communication skills. As observed by the researcher, the inadequate provision of text books/novels relevant for students success in key external and internal examines has also influenced interest, commitment, and reading habit in the subject “Literature-in-English. According to Mary(2015), one of the major causes of poor academic performance of students in literature-in-English, is the fact that students does not find it interesting and necessary to read literature textbooks even when provided. this attitude of the students, has negatively impacted their performance in external examination as well as internal examinations. in unveiling the causes of students poor reading habits, Gabriel(2013) claimed that lack of conducive learning environment, poor parental support, lack of motivation, unavailability of current text/novels, etc. are all attributable to students poor reading habit. in view of the above, this study aims at examining the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English.

1.3 Objective of the Study

The overall aim of this study is to critically examine the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English. Hence, the study will be channeled to the following specific objectives;

1. Identify the factors affecting students reading habit in Literature-in-English.
2. Ascertain whether inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English.
3. Ascertain whether lack of affordability of text books/Novels affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English.
4. Determine whether students reading habit affects their achievement in Literature-in-English.
5. Determine whether there is a difference between the academic achievement of students with good reading habit and those with poor reading habit.

1.4 Research Question

The study will be guided by the following questions;

1. Does inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affect students achievement performance in Literature-in-English?
2. Does lack of affordability of text books/Novels affect students academic achievement in Literature-in-English?
3. Does students reading habit affect their achievement in Literature-in-English?
4. Is there difference between the academic achievement of students with good reading habit and those with poor reading habit?

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study will help relevant stakeholders in senor secondary schools to see the need for adequate provision of necessary and latest study materials, so as to aid students performance in Literature-in-English. the study will able teachers to see the need to improvise where necessary, motivate students and use effective teaching method to instill the required reading habit into students.

Additionally, subsequent researchers will use it as literature review. This means that, other students who may decide to conduct studies in this area will have the opportunity to use this study as available literature that can be subjected to critical review. Invariably, the result of the study contributes immensely to the body of academic knowledge with regards to the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English.

1.6 Scope of the Study

This study is structured to generally examine the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English. However, the study will further identify the factors affecting students reading habit in Literature-in-English; ascertain whether inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English; ascertain whether lack of affordability of text books/Novels affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English; determine whether students reading habit affects their achievement in Literature-in-English; and determine whether there is a difference between the academic achievement of students with good reading habit and those with poor reading habit.

The study will cover senior secondary schools in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State.

1.7 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Study Habit:

This is a behavioural style that is systematically formed by students towards learning and achievement. According to Ghulam (2013), study habits are the students’ way of study, whether systematic, efficient, or inefficient. It is viewed that good study habits are perceived to be the determinants of academic performance. According to Prof. Dr. Thomas Wilmer in Ghulam (2013), study behavior is mental readiness to learn. It is organized through experiences, objects, and situations in the study. That means with the information and Solutions of the Problems to keep the study behavior for academic goals positive.

Study Skills:

These are peculiar strategies developed by the students in studying.
Academic: This has been variously defined, but for this study, academics are defined as college studies or learning; in other words, it designates the intellectual aspect of education, particularly the final subject, which deals with organized knowledge.

Academic Achievement:

This refers to the performance that falls within a specified standard. The specified standard is usually called pass mark, and the pass mark is a score above average in which students are considered having passed and below which students are considered having failed.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English using senior secondary schools in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the influence of text availability and students reading habits on students academic achievement in Literature In English using senior secondary schools in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State as a case study. The study is was specifically carried out to identify the factors affecting students reading habit in Literature-in-English, ascertain whether inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affects students academic performance in Literature-in-English, ascertain whether lack of affordability of text books/Novels affects students academic performance in Literature-in-English, determine whether students reading habit affects their performance in Literature-in-English, and determine whether there is a difference between the academic performance of students with good reading habit and those with poor reading habit.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 30 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were Literature-in-English teachers and school administrators in Ido Local Government Area Of Oyo State.

5.3 Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

1. Inadequate provision of relevant and latest study materials in senior secondary schools affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English.
2. Lack of affordability of text books/Novels affects students academic achievement in Literature-in-English.
3. Students reading habit affects their achievement in Literature-in-English.
4. There is a difference between the academic achievement of students with good reading habit and those with poor reading habit.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

1. Reading culture should be inculcated into the students at an early stage. Teachers should use teaching methods and approaches that would make students have an interest in reading. The parents, the teachers, and curriculum developers should play their part collectively and individually in developing interest, positive perception, and attitude of students towards reading.
2. The government should provide an enabling environment that will stimulate students to read. The media, in conjunction with curriculum developers, should develop programmes that would develop, enhance, and promote excellent reading habits in the students.
3. The Nigeria Education Service, under the Ministry of Education, should be resourced to ensure a regular supply of textbooks to senior high schools, so as to overcome the challenge of an inadequate supply of textbooks.

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