The Influence Of Information, Communication And Technology At Work Place In Nigeria
The Influence Of Information, Communication And Technology At Work Place In Nigeria
Abstract
The study the influence of information, communication and technology at work place in Nigeria, AIT staff as case study. Through the findings made in this study, AIT work place has evolved from a simple text based wire browsing, script and random editing system. It has become a multimedia workflow engine that spans well beyond newsroom floor, to digital newsroom which have reinforced their broadcast quality and drive value. To supports the study, related literatures were reviewed on the role newsroom communication technology play to improving work efficiency. Also for validity, the Diffusion theoretical framework was used. The study explicitly provides the objectives of the study, statement of Research problem and hypothesis. The significant of the study is buttressed by the findings through the data obtained from the research population size. The analysis was done and presented using the survey sample method and simple tables. Most importantly, summary of findings were made, conclusion drawn and recommendation made which shows that AIT newsroom communication technology has played a vital role towards improved work efficiency of the staff.
Table of Content
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem
- 1.3 Objective of the Study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research Hypothesis
- 1.6 Significance of the Study
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Limitation of the Study
- 1.9 Definition of Terms
- 1.10 Organization of the Study
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.3 Empirical Review
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sample Size Determination
- 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
- 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Validity of the Study
- 3.9 Reliability of the Study
- 3.10 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Answering Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Discussion of Findings
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- REFERENCES
- QUESTIONNAIRE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
New technologies have resulted in the new deployment of advanced and superior tools to enhance smart and quick delivery of works in the society. In considering this fact, Hilbert (2007) describes these technologies collectively as information and communication technologies (ICTs) as a revolution which has penetrated almost all fields of human activities, thus transforming economic, political and social life.
ICTs are crucially important for sustainable development. Two decades ago, most developed countries have witnessed significant changes that can be traced to ICTs, hence in a simple term information and communication technologies (ICTs) can be defined as electronic machines that can store, organize, find information, do calculations and control other machines, as much these have helped in so many organizations to reduce the work load on staff and make their work performance better.
Work performance according to Oxford Advanced Dictionary (2005) is the act of performing, carrying in to execution or action, so in this dimension, the influence of ICTs has been felt, because the amount of work accomplished by a computer system within a shorter time and using less resources are more than the task carried out by man in long duration of time.
ICTs have always been considered as a competitive advantage in the business environment of effective performance. But the important thing is that the actual charges that could increase the potential value of information would occur if the organization is able to use this important resource through the application of new technology. ICT with features such as storing, processing, marketing and transferring a large bulk of data can assist management to improve the organization performance. In addition, the significance of productivity and the necessity of its assessment have received much attention given the increasing levels of competitive technology complexity, diversity of tastes, lack of resources, and rapid exchange of information.
For a time, some suggestions are offered on how to manage resources with an approach as organization work performance. Infact, organization work performance emerged through widespread use of crew Resource Management (CRM) aiming at transferring communication structure principle based on ICT dealing with issues related to clients and employees. Organization work performance is, in a general sense an efficient mechanism plan and technology in the field of management dealing with how companies are communicating with their new and old employees. Like other new managerial concept, organization work performance is viewed as an efficient mechanism that provides mutual and shared values for employers and employees.
The labour must, therefore, be conversant with new technologies of information and communication to attain a good level of efficiency. There are fundamentals set of skills and knowledge required for this attainment.
According to the international ICT literacy panel, 2011, they include;
- Cognitive Proficiency
- Technical Proficiency
- ICT Proficiency
Cognitive proficiency refers to the fundamental skills of daily work environment needs. They include such skills as numeracy, problem solving and visual/spatial literacy. The labour requires these skills so as to achieve his desired proficiency needed in production transformation. Technical proficiency is the basic component of digital literacy. The labour is expected to have the fundamental knowledge of computer ware application, installation, maintenance, networking, trouble shooting, and so on, in order to operate the necessary facilities freely. ICT proficiency is the integration and application of cognitive and technical skills. This will aid the labour to maximize his physical and mental abilities put towards product transformation (Njamanze, 2010).
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) usage is more pervasive in private sectors in Nigeria than public sector. The private sector is primarily set up to maximize profit through efficiency and proficiency of human resources and minimize cost. Thus, public sector is less concerned to electronic production process and this can be widely witnessed in Nigerian public offices. In the current world we are, some public offices in Nigeria still solely depend on manual type writers or even nothing. They still engaged in manual process of impacting knowledge which consume more time than when digital electronic knowledge impacting process is employed.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Here, effort is made to understand so far, the role of communication technology in work place had played or playing to improving work efficiency of staff towards achieving or attaining the mission statement.According to Terngu and Tennenge (2007,P. 27) revealed magic of communication technology tools, stating that they cover a bewildering array of inter connected forms of electromagnetic technologies, such as microelectronic optic fiber, satellite video discs, telex, and data storage mechanism all for journalist usage in work place.
The question therefore, is whether these communication technological gadgets have aided in improving staff efficiency in work place. To establish the role communication technology in work place is playing and to what extent has it improved work efficiency of the staff.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The main objective of this study is to examine the Influence Of Information, Communication And Technology At Work Place In Nigeria using African Independence Television (AIT) as case study.
The study specifically aims;
- To find out if the staff of AIT ABUJA have access to computer gadgets.
- To find out if the staff of AIT are computer literate.
- To determine the challenges associated with the application of computer technology.
- To determine if communication technology in AIT Newsroom have improved work efficiency of staff.
1.4 Research Questions
The will provide answers to the following research questions in order to achieve the research objectives
- Do the staff of AIT ABUJA have access to computer gadgets?
- Do the staff of AIT ABUJA have the required knowledge and skills in using computer gadgets?
- What are the factors militating against the application of computer technology in AIT ABUJA Newsroom.
- How have Newsroom Communication Technology improve work efficiency of AIT ABUJA.
1.5 Research Hypothesis
The following null hypothesis was formulated and tested by the study.
- Ho: Information communication technologies have ineffectively affected work efficient of AIT Staff ABUJA.
- Hi: Information communication technologies have effectively affected work efficient of AIT Staff ABUJA.
1.6 Significance of the Study
Effort is made in this study to find out whether communication technology have improved work efficiency of AIT staff in actualizing or attaining the goal of its mission statement.
Also, show to a large extent the impact of communication technology and its utilization by staff.
The findings of the study would be useful to the stakeholders as it could help the private and public sector to come up with seminars to educate the staff on the the influence of information, communication and technology at work place in Nigeria.
1.7 Scope of the Study
For clarity and concise, this study is basically a study on AIT Abuja newsroom communication technology and the role of it to improving work efficiency of Staff
1.8 Limitation of the Study
In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.
1.9 Definition of Terms
It is of importance to define most terms used in the study for clearer understanding.
1. Newsroom:
A newspaper office or radio or television station, where news stories are scripted and edited. AIT ABUJA special room for News editors, and news reporters, used for housing those involved in news coverage and packaging.
2. Communication:
The exchange of thoughts, messages, or information, as by speech, signals writing or behaviour.
3. Technology:
The methods and tools of AIT ABUJA News Room Staff developed by AIT Newsroom Abuja to facilitate the solution of its practical problems in their Newsroom.
4. Business:
This refers to an organization which aimed to earn profit by providing what the society need and want. It is the totality of all activities which take place in the provision and allocation of goods and services for private or general profits Johnny U.N (2015).
5. Organization:
This is a forum, where people are systematically organized paramount with a particular aim, and purpose.
1.10 Organization of the Study
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows.
- Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
- Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
- Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
- Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
- Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1. Introduction
In this chapter effort is been made to clearly and aptly summarize the findings, conclusions made, recommendations and suggestion for further studies for the validity of the research work.
5.2. Summary of the Findings
The sole purpose of the study is to ascertain the influence of information, communication and technology at work place in Nigeria, a study of AIT Abuja.
It has been established through the findings that the AIT newsroom is equipped with communication technologies and has far reachingly improved work efficiency of the staff for the singular purpose thereof. The mission statement of AIT as a mass media television is “SHARING THE AFRICAN EXPERIENCE WITH THE GLOBAL COMMUNITY” as a goal has been attained.
Also, findings in the study have proved that information communication technology is user friendly, fast, timely, easy to use, and immediate. The process of storage, retrieval, editing, packaging, and feedback mechanism were made more effective in dishing out far more fascinating and aesthetic laden newsroom programmes to the wider global viewers.
More so, in table 14, 18 respondents representing 90 percent of the population attested to the fact that communication technology in AIT Newsroom has most effectively improved their work efficiency as against 10 percent which said otherwise.
Therefore, the findings in the study has given credence to the fact that newsroom communication technology has improved work efficiency of AIT staff in the discharge of their duties as the watchdog of the society and as the fourth estate of the realm thereby informing, educating, and entertaining, thus the sharing of the African experience to the global community.
5.3. Conclusion
From the forgoing, the study has shown that newsroom communication technology has played a vital role towards improving work efficiency of the AIT staff Abuja.
These has lend credence to the fact that newsroom communication technology has made programmesfaster, timely, immediate, user friendly, does not cause distraction. However, the respondents indicated that they acquired the relevant skills and reasons were to effectively disseminate information and to process such information for easy storage and retrieval for use at any given time.
Also, the study has buttressed the point that, AIT newsroom communication technology has effectively improved work efficiency of the staff and a paradigm shift from analogue to the present 3g communication technology newsroom work flow system making the journalism profession more exciting.
With the 3g newsroom communication technology gadgets, viewers can have live streaming of news, events and happening with their smart phone and not always waiting to get home to the television sets.
Therefore, with the AIT newsrooms communication technology that is in place has helped bridge the technological divide thereby, boastingly and satisfactorily helped in the attainment of it mission statement goal ”sharing the African experience with the global community by changing the global perspectives which places Africa at the ruthless mercy of western perception.
In summary, in recent times, the news that was all over the world of two Brits that shot a fellow citizen in London was widely reported to be citizens of Nigeria, which were not just because they bear a name that is of Nigeria root.
Perhaps, this wrong perception was streamed all over the world by AIT, to correct such ruthless negative reportage by the Western media, and this singular feat would not have been possible if not with the aid of communication technologies in their newsroom.
5.4 Recommendation
To this end, the study, has shown that newsroom communication technology has greatly improved work efficiency of AIT staff Abuja, in effectively carrying out the mass media role in the society.
Therefore, the following recommendation where made as follows:
African Independent Television management should help on out sourcing its newsroom communication technology to other local television media outfit in the country still operating analogue newsroom system.
AIT Media management should carry out a massive campaign to educate the rest Nigerians of non – media practitioners on how to make use of their smart phones on participatory media practice via social media with its 3G news room communication technology to report live news happenings in their various domain.
Again, government should come up with a regulatory policy on this participatory feedback mechanism to ensuring truthful and factual reportage of the non media practitioners’ usage of the social media to curb abuse.
Proactively, Africa independent television (AIT) management should set up a trust fund, specifically for immediate acquisition of any latest newsroom communication technology to upgrade existing ones.
In conclusion, the recommendation made above in this study if carried out would not only continue to improve staff efficiency in the discharge of their mass media responsibilities but most importantly help to engaging Nigerians that are on the social media platform to monitor their various environment and its reportage for security purposes.
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