Influence Of Educational Facilities On Academic Performance Of Office Technology And Management Students In Nigeria Polytechnics

Influence Of Educational Facilities On Academic Performance Of Office Technology And Management Students In Nigeria Polytechnics
Abstract
Facilities have a great impact on academic performances of students, and inadequate facilities translate to poor performance. The study investigates the influence of educational facilities on academic performance of office technology and management students in Nigeria polytechnics. Ten research questions are developed to capture the topic and questionnaire is designed to elicit information from the respondents which comprise of lecturers and chief lecturers of the selected schools, 90 population samples were randomly selected from the schools. Percentage and frequency distribution were used to present the result of the information gathered. The findings revealed the contribution of adequate learning material or facilities to the performance of students and the importance of educational facilities.
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Education is man’s fundamental method of reform and progress. It can be regarded as the tool with which society brings the transmission of its own culture. Reomer (1981) refers to education as “all those experiences of the individual through which knowledge is acquired, the intellect enlightened or the will strengthened” while Unachuka (1989) defines education as ” the process by which individuals are assisted formally or informally, though proper direction and finance, to develop their capacity for their own benefit and that of the society”.
Education can therefore be regarded as a social process whose purpose is to bring about certain desirable behavioural change in the total development of the individual. In the whole world education has been given more regard while in Nigeria particularly education has been seen as the main vehicle for rapid development.
It is obvious that since advent of the Europeans, Nigerians have attached much importance to western education. The first sets of schools were usually situated under big trees with students who were mainly normally conducted in the evenings after their trading activities with the merchants who acted as the tutors. It is obvious that the first type of school system didn’t have any facility apart from the slate and foreign textbooks used.
Furthermore, with the arrival of western education, the uses of facilities became vogues. Classrooms which came in small rooms now in form of schools which comprises of administrative blocks, offices with such facilities as chairs, tables, chalk and chalkboards. Textbooks were also provided to aid teaching; this ease the way knowledge was formally imparted to the students to prove for old stanines system.
Walberg and Thomas (1992) shown that pupils have been noted to learn best when they can effectively explore at school environment that is rich in material, so that whenever they are given the responsibility to make meaningful choice, they afford to interact with the available facilities. Classrooms are very vital in schools; the classrooms are constructed to suit the purpose of learning and also considering climate of the people. Eagle Hardt (1954) emphasized that classrooms referred to as “Teaching laboratories”. Much importance should be attached to facilities to enable an imagined educational programme to be achieved. This in short shows the importance of the provision of efficient and effective facilities to help enhance a smooth and conducive teaching and learning process to enable the production of effective manpower for the nation.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Inadequate facilities will surely affect the smooth teaching and learning process in all schools. It is known that the academic performance of each student depends to a large extent on the facilities exposed to while learning but, when they are lacking some problems is faced.
The first noted, peculiar problem would be generated when there is no inclusive teaching and learning conduction.
The un-conduciveness could be as a result of non-availability of facilities like table and chair in the classroom.
There can never be way of concentration by students. Students cannot be expected to achieve any of the objectives at the end of the lesson. If pupils have to share chairs with their mates, they would be easily distracted among themselves and the class which is supposed to be actively involved in the learning process turns out to be appealing and there is enough discomfort for the day to discourage the interest of the pupils for the whole day’s work.
Since the interest of the students are very low, they are going to also have a low level of understanding, knowledge to be imparted to the students would not be fully understood. There may also be limitation in understanding. Laboratories are lacking in many schools and in some schools were they can be found reagents and equipment are lacking. For instance, students in science class who always learn in abstract, that is without practical knowledge, of what lecturer is saying cannot have effective learning and this will automatically affect his/her academic performance. These lacks of laboratories have resulted to low interest in science subjects today, such subjects are physics, chemistry and biology.
Also the non-availability of educational facilities like textbooks, buildings, chart, chalkboards etc. have hindered students’ performance academically and this has resulted in their low interest in most of the subjects offered in their various level in polytechnics.
Finally, it is observed that the students supply their acquired knowledge in-effectively since they have not been taught with the practical aspects but rather expressed to only theoretical aspects of their field of specialization.
Therefore, the resultant effect of this problem affects the society at large since the educational sector cannot produce the desired results as designed in the national policy of education (2004).
1.3 Purpose of the Study
The purpose of the study is to investigate the influence of educational facilities on academic performance of office technology and management students in Nigeria polytechnics
1.4 Objective of the Study
The general objective of the study was to establish influence of educational facilities on academic performance of office technology and management students in Nigeria polytechnics.
Specific objectives of the study
The specific objective of the study was to;
- To determine the profile of the respondents in regard to age, gender and academic level
- To determine if educational facilities affects academic performance of students in Nigeria polytechnic.
1.5 Research Questions
How do educational facilities affect the academic performance of the office technology and management students?
1.6 Scope of the study
The study covered some selected polytechnics in Benue State in Central Nigeria and it was limited to determining the influence of educational facilities on academic performance. Three polytechnics were used for data collection, The Target population includes chief lecturers and lecturers.
1.7 Significance of the study.
- To provide information that can be used by the ministry of education and sports, policy makers to identify the causes of poor performance in examinations in order to come up with policies that will help the situation.
- To increase awareness to the chief lecturers, lecturers, board of governors on factors associated with high performance in examinations.
- To also contribute to the existing literature about better education service delivery and provoke further research in this field.
- To help in determining possible ways in which educational facilities can influence productivity or performance in teaching and learning process and also improve learning on the part of the students.
1.8 limitation of the Study
First and foremost, the researcher faced some limitations of funds in terms of capital to carry out research hence the study was limited to some few selected polytechnics in Benue State.
Time for carrying out research was also another challenge/limitation in that the researcher was still studying continuing with the program at the university while carrying out research.
In the field, the researcher faced a problem in that some respondents were not welcoming and reluctant in answering questions. In addition to some respondents did not rectum the questionnaires due to reluctance.
The study was also very costly to accomplish since it involves several movements, buying of tools, printing among others.
Data discussion and analysis caused a big challenge as well. Because it took a lot of time
1.9 Definition of Terms
Facilities:
These are materials that make it possible or easier to do something, such facilities in teaching like desks, chairs, libraries etc. for easy learning process.
Performance:
Refers to the results of activities of an organization or investment over a given period of time.
Academic Performance/Achievement:
Is the extent to which a student, lecturer or institution has achieved their short or long term educational goals.
Adequate:
Enough in quantity or good enough in quality, for the purpose or need for effective academic performance.
Significance:
This is the importance of something or educational equipment
Laboratory:
This is a room or building used for scientific research, experiments testing etc.
Teaching:
This is the passing of knowledge from an experienced person to an inexperienced person.
Effective:
This is producing the result that is wanted or intended.
Education:
This is the process of teaching and learning to improve knowledge and develop skills of an individual to the society.
Classroom:
This is where teaching and learning takes place.
Lecturer:
Is a person who helps other to acquire knowledge, competences or values.
Students:
Is learner or someone who attends an educational institution or someone who is learning at a school or in any teaching environment.
School:
Is an institution where instruction is given, especially to persons under college age. Or it’s an institution for educating children, or any institution at which instruction is given in a particular discipline to a group of people.
1.9 Organisation of the Study
This study is organized into five chapters. Chapter one included the background of the study, research problem, research objectives and questions as well as limitation of the study. Chapter two contains the literature review. Chapter three includes the methodology and study area. Chapter Four contains the results and discussion of key findings of the study. Chapter Five finally looks at the summary, conclusions, and recommendations based on the findings.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary
The objective of the study was to determine the influence of educational facilities on academic performance of office technology and management students in Nigeria polytechnics. The findings from the study indicated that 56% of the respondents said that schools who do not have adequate educational facilities perform poorly, which means that children’s do not perf011T1 well because they do not understand what they are taught and the lecturer does not make any effort to make the children grasp what he or she is teaching.
According to the study, schools that have adequate educational facilities perform better than those that do not have. It was noted in schools where students performed well that there are adequate educational facilities compare to those in schools where the students did not perform well.
5.2 Conclusion
The objective of the study was to determine influence of educational facilities on academic performance of office technology and management students in Nigeria polytechnics. The study revealed that adequate educational facilities lead to positive results.
5.3 Recommendations
The government should make sure that they provide adequate educational facilities in schools. And also encourage schools to maintain the facilities order to produce good results. This aspect of educational facilities is very important. School authorities should make sure that, there are adequate educational facilities and therefore improve on academic performance of students.
For academic excellence, the researcher recommends that the student’s should try to also ask their parents to buy for them necessary school equipment’s, for example text books and other scholastic materials.
There should also be more awareness and institutionalization of the notion of educational facilities to Nigeria schools so that they readily know its importance on academic performance and hence yield good results.
5.5 Suggestions for Further Research
The results of the study have revealed that, there is inadequate educational facilities and consequently low performance. This means that studies to find strategies that can be implemented to improve on educational facilities and academic performance of polytechnics are necessary.


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Frequently Asked Questions
Does school plant planning affect academic performance in Nigerian secondary schools?
Ajayi, (1997) asserted that, the observed poor academic performance of secondary students may not be unconnected with seemingly poor school plant planning in most Nigerian secondary schools.
Does school plant and facility affordability affect academic performance?
Many studies have shown that adequacy of school plant and facilities positively correlate with increase academic performance, for instance, Ayorinde, (1986) and Adeogun, (2001) asserted that, schools endowed with more resources performed better than schools that are less endowed.
Do instructional resources affect students‟ academic performance?
Adeogun, (2001) discovered that, a very positive relationship between instructional resources and students‟ academic performance exists. He asserted that, schools endowed with more resources performed better than schools that are less endowed.
What are the factors that influence students‟ performance?
Dada, (1986) posited that, the quality and quantity of these materials (school plant and facilities) have been identified as significant factors determining students‟ performance.


