The Implication Of Teenager Exposure To Internet Pornography In Osogbo Osun State

Project and Seminar Material for Sociology

The Implication Of Teenager Exposure To Internet Pornography In Osogbo Osun State (Charles)

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun State. The study is was specifically set to find out the extent teenagers are exposed to internet pornography, ascertain whether teenagers exposure to internet pornography influences their sexual curiosity, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contributes to the prevalence of premarital sex and find out whether the extent of teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of students of some selected secondary schools in Osogbo Osun State. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 229 respondents and 210 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. While the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices. Furthermore the result of the findings reveals that teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers. Therefore, it is recommended that since no filter is 100% effective, parents and teachers should establish an environment of open communication, where the adolescent is encouraged to take the lead in terms of their unpleasant experiences on the Internet. They should endeavour to discuss issues on sex and sexuality from an early age with their children since a majority of respondents submitted that they go to porn sites to satisfy their curiosity in some matters that they cannot discuss with their parents or teachers. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

  • Title Page
  • Certification
  • Dedication
  • Acknowledgement
  • Table of Content
  • List of Tables
  • Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

  • 1.1 Background of the Study
  • 1.2 Statement of the Problem
  • 1.3 Objective of the Study
  • 1.4 Research Questions
  • 1.5 Research Hypothesis
  • 1.6 Significance of the Study
  • 1.7 Scope of the Study
  • 1.8 Limitation of the Study
  • 1.9 Definition of Terms
  • 1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

  • 2.1 Conceptual Framework
  • 2.2 Theoretical Framework
  • 2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

  • 3.1 Research Design
  • 3.2 Population of the Study
  • 3.3 Sample Size Determination
  • 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
  • 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
  • 3.6 Method of Data Collection
  • 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
  • 3.8 Validity of the Study
  • 3.9 Reliability of the Study
  • 3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

  • 4.1 Data Presentation
  • 4.2 Analysis of Data
  • 4.3 Answering Research Questions
  • 4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

  • 5.1 Summary
  • 5.2 Conclusion
  • 5.3 Recommendation
  • References
  • APPENDIX
  • QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Apart from the issues of piracy and fraudulent scam mails, one major emerging worrisome dimension in the Nigerian cyberspace is pornography in its various guises. The Internet, aided by technology-induced anonymity has popularized the sex business more than any other means of advertisement. With unlimited access to a variety of websites, and the impediment of needing to enter a brothel physically removed, immoral gratification is just the click of a mouse away from any intending customer (Sackson, 1996). Anonymity has been an aid to most crimes perpetuated on the Internet and other IT applications. For instance, immoral contents can be viewed in the closet, on a laptop, on a palmtop etc without the reservation that any other person will know about the content being consumed. It has also serve as the platform for pedophiles who take undue advantage of the innocence of children and teenagers to engage them in sex chart rooms and eventually invite them for sexual escapades.

Katherine (2006) is of the opinion that people are using the Internet more frequently to form friendships and romances and to initiate inordinate affairs. She provided a critical review of the literature on Internet infidelity. Cheryl (2007), revealed that the average age of a child when first exposed to Internet pornography is 11 years old, with the largest consumers of pornography in America being the 12-to-17-yearold group. Almost 90 percent of eight to 16-year-olds has viewed pornography online, most while doing homework. Of those who were accidentally exposed to pornography while surfing the Web, 66 percent say they did not seek the images out, and did not want to view them. In 2002, the Corporation for Public Broadcasting conducted a research on children’s Internet use in the United States of America. It was discovered that children experienced the equivalent of an adolescent growth in their use of the Internet between 2000 and 2002. 65% of American children ages 2–17 were observed to use the Internet from home, school, or some other location — a 59 percent growth rate since 2000, when 41 percent of children went online from any location (CTF, 2002).

For parents, learning about the dangers of Internet pornography and how to protect their children has become very imperative. It is most unfortunate that over 90 percent of 8 to 16-yearolds in the category mentioned earlier viewed pornography online while doing homework. Apparently, the home front has become relatively unsafe for a balanced psychosocial growth and development of American children. The situation is not any different in Nigeria. ICT penetration is on the increase (Chiemeke & Longe, 2007). Although empirical data about Internet pornography and its impact on the life of the teeming youth and children are not readily available, fears are already very rife in some sectors about the possible negative consequences obnoxious and uncensored Internet contents will have on the psychosocial well being of varying categories of users and especially children and teens in Nigeria. A previous study (Longe, 2004) established that children and teenagers belonging to the age range 7-18 years constitute over 32% of Internet users in Nigeria.

The Internet is both a source of promise for our children and a source of concern. The promise is that the Internet offers such an enormous range of positive and educational experiences and materials. Yet children online may be vulnerable to harm through exposure to sexually explicit materials, adult predators, and peddlers of hate. If the full educational potential of the Internet is to be realized for children, these concerns must be addressed. Although only a small fraction of material on the Internet could reasonably be classified as inappropriate for children, that small fraction is highly visible and controversial. People have strong and passionate views on the subject, and these views are often mutually incompatible. Different societal institutions see the issue in very different ways and have different and conflicting priorities about the values to be preserved. Different communities–at the local, state, national, and international levels–have different perspectives. Furthermore, the technical nature of the Internet has not evolved in a way that makes control over content easy to achieve (Dick and Herbert, 2003).

1.2 Statement of Problem

AS the internet gains increasing prominence in the lives of young people,1 researchers have begun investigating the influence that the Internet environment may be having on child and adolescent development. Of particular interest is exposure to sexual material(Morrison, 2012). Child and adolescent exposure to pornography is a controversial issue. Questions about the contribution of pornography to deviant sexual behavior, including sexual assault, negative attitudes towards women, and the acceptance of deviant or aggressive sexual behavior among peers, have been studied for decades. Results are mixed, with some investigators arguing for clear and consistent effects of exposure to pornography and subsequent sexually aggressive attitudes and behaviors, while others describe null or inconclusive findings. With specific relevance to young people, there is the additional concern of negative effects on facets of sexual development, such as sexual callousness, for those who are exposed to pornography(Jackson, 2016).
Adolescent sexual development is complex and dynamic. As children get older, they gain a greater sense of their sexual self, enhanced by an interplay of biological and social changes as the individual matures through childhood into adolescence(Hutchinson, 2011). Although puberty begins at different ages, virtually all boys and girls have started the process by 14 years of age. Sexual interest increases with age and biological changes.Expression of sexual curiosity spans a continuum of behaviors, from talking about sex, looking at sexual materials, to actually engaging in sexual activity(Medora, 2017). Although sexual activity can represent risks in and of itself (e.g., sexually transmitted diseases), researchers and other adolescent health professionals have posited that exposure to pornography may be harm-promoting in other domains as well. In the light of the above, this study seek to examine the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun state.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The overall aim of this study is to critically examine the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun State. Hence, the study will be channeled to the following specific objectives;

  1. Find out the extent teenagers are exposed to internet pornography.
  2. Ascertain whether teenagers exposure to internet pornography influences their sexual curiosity.
  3. Ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices.
  4. Ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contributes to the prevalence of premarital sex.
  5. Find whether the extent of teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers.

1.4 Research Question

This study will be guided by the following questions;

  1. To what extent are teenagers exposed to internet pornography.
  2. Doee teenagers exposure to internet pornography influence their sexual curiosity?
  3. Does teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices?
  4. Does teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contribute to the prevalence of premarital sex?
  5. Can the extent of teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

  • Ho: Teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography do not influence their engagement in sexual practices.
  • Ha: Teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography influences their engagement in sexual practices.

1.6 Significance of the Study

The relevance of this study cannot be overstated. Foremostly it will bring to light the effects of pornography on teenagers. It will also help identify the problems associated with pornographic materials. It will also provide information on possible ways of overcoming the problems associated with exposure of teenagers to pornographic materials. More importantly, the study will serve as reference material to students, scholars, and institutions.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study is structured to generally examine the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun State. The study will by extension find out the extent teenagers are exposed to internet pornography, ascertain whether teenagers exposure to internet pornography influences their sexual curiosity, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contributes to the prevalence of premarital sex, and find whether the extent of teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers.

The study will therefore be delimited to some senior secondary schools in Osogbo Osun State.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Pornography:

Sexually explicit and intended to cause sexual arousal. It is an act considered to violate moral values such as exposing or showing off too much of the aurat so much so that it can arouse the desire (lust) to those who see it.

1.10 Organisations of the Study

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun State.The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the implication of teenager exposure to internet pornography in Osogbo Osun State. The study is was specifically carried out to find out the extent teenagers are exposed to internet pornography, ascertain whether teenagers exposure to internet pornography influences their sexual curiosity, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices, ascertain whether teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contributes to the prevalence of premarital sex and find out whether the extent of teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 210 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent arestudents of some selected secondary schools in Osogbo Osun State.

5.3 Conclusion

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

  1. The extent teenagers exposedare to internet pornography is high.
  2. Teenagers exposure to internet pornography influence their sexual curiosity.
  3. Teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography prompts their engagement in sexual practices.
  4. Teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography contribute to the prevalence of premarital sex.
  5. Teenagers’ exposure to internet pornography can contribute to the height of unwanted pregnancy among teenagers.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

  1. Parents/guardians should ensure that children are safe on the internet in order to realize full educational and other potential of the internet.
  2. Parents should make use of parental control software to monitor what their adolescent children do on the Internet. Companies now market new tools to track where children go online, who they meet there and what they do. Such parental control software includes Net Nanny, Family Time, OurPact, Norton Family Premier, Web Watcher etc. Parents can also block or control on an app-by-app basis, apply Internet filters, monitor calls and texts and keep an eye on contact lists. •
  3. Parents should create time to go through the Internet browser history and photo galleries of their adolescents’ phones from time to time and unannounced too. •
  4. Since no filter is 100% effective, parents and teachers should establish an environment of open communication, where the adolescent is encouraged to take the lead in terms of their unpleasant experiences on the Internet. They should endeavour to discuss issues on sex and sexuality from an early age with their children since a majority of respondents submitted that they go to porn sites to satisfy their curiosity in some matters that they cannot discuss with their parents or teachers. •
  5. Parents should discourage the use of mobile phones for their adolescent children. The Internet has potentials, and it is mostly used for homework by adolescents, there should be a desktop or laptop connected to the Internet and situated in a central place where these adolescents can do their assignments, thereby, making it less personalized.
  6. In Nigeria, Cyber Cafés should be encouraged to partition their services to adult, youth and children/teen sections in order to take advantage of technologies for content channeling/selection. While some computer terminals can be dedicated to access all forms of contents others for children/teenagers usage can be enabled to access contents that are purely healthy for children/teenagers’ age group consumption.
  7. The responsibility of monitoring Internet contents being consumed by children and youths at home rests with parents and guardians. Content channeling/selection technologies and filters can be used as an aid to moderating contents viewed by children /teenagers at all Internet access points. In schools, students can be allocated user and password IDs. These passwords and IDs can then be configured and usable only on systems that have been conditioned using filters and content selection technology for web contents that arehealthy for the consumption of children and teenagers.
  8. Responsible mentorship on all fronts demands that adult members in the society be interested in the web contents being consumed by the children and teenagers – otherwise, we will end up breeding a generation of youths that will become sexually perverse, times bombs, waiting for the right time to explode.

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