The Impact Of SIWES On Library And Information Science Students (A Case Study Of Federal Polytechnic Of Ilaro)
The Impact Of SIWES On Library And Information Science Students (A Case Study Of Federal Polytechnic Of Ilaro)
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study. The study was specifically set to determine the extent library science students participate effectively in the SIWES Programme, ascertain the impact of SIWES on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro, and identify the challenges faced by LIS students during participation in industrial training. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of library and information science students of federal polytechnic, Ilaro. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 160 respondents and 141 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables and mean scores. While the hypotheses were tested using Chi- square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that the extent library science students effectively participate in SIWES Programme is high. Furthermore, the study revealed that participation in SIWES has a positive impact on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro. Therefore, it is recommended that articipation in SIWES has a positive impact on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro. To mention but few.
Table of Content
- Title Page
- Certification
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Content
- List of Tables
- Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem
- 1.3 Objective of the Study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research Hypothesis
- 1.6 Significance of the Study
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Limitation of the Study
- 1.9 Definition of Terms
- 1.10 Organisations of the Study
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.3 Empirical Review
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sample Size Determination
- 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
- 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Validity of the Study
- 3.9 Reliability of the Study
- 3.10 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Answering Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- References
- APPENDIX
- QUESTIONNAIRE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Social and economic factors are today influencing the needs of the job market in Nigeria. Consequently, employers of labour are no longer contented to employ graduates with only theoretical knowledge. Rather, the employment market makes a demand for graduates who possess high level academic knowledge and are also able to demonstrate core competencies and skills that are required for success in the work environment (Lowden, Hall, Elliot & Lewin, 2011). To have graduates that are ready for the job market, it is imperative that undergraduate training incorporates both theory and practice for a more balanced outcome. Unfortunately, in Nigeria, Anho (2011), and Edukugho (2012) contend that the training obtained from most tertiary institutions is mostly theoretical, and so does not equip their graduates with the necessary competencies and skills demanded by the job market. Consequently, over the years there have been calls for a bridging of the gap between theory and practice.
It was in response to these calls that the Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) also known as Industrial Training (IT) was established and introduced into tertiary institutions and polytechnics in Nigeria (Akerejola, 2004; and Ugwuanyi &Ezema, 2010). The scheme is jointly arranged between the schools and industries for all students studying technical courses requiring one form of industry exposure or another. According to Ugwuanyi and Ezema, the specific objectives of the scheme as summarized are as follows: •
- To provide an avenue for students in institutions of higher learning to acquire industrial skills and experiences in their course of study.
- To provide students with an opportunity to apply their knowledge in real work and actual practice. •
- To make the transition from school to the world of work easier and to enhance students contacts for later job placement.
Over the years, students of Library and Information Science (LIS) departments in Nigerian tertiary institutions and polytechnics have compulsorily engaged in the SIWES, an exercise that normally lasts a period of six months in the penultimate year of schooling. For students of LIS programmes in Nigeria, the need for SIWES cannot be overemphasized. For instance, Edegbo (2011) notes that although information and communication technology (ICT) is a critical need in the 21st century job market, many of the LIS departments have not yet incorporated it in their curriculum.
In the same vein, Kamba (2011), Okolocha and Okolocha (2012) observe that even in LIS departments where some relevant ICT courses have been incorporated in the curriculum, most of the courses are taught theoretically because the schools lack facilities such as computers and reliable internet access needed for the practical aspect of training. Simisaye (2014) opines that in addition to shortcomings in the curriculum of LIS departments in the area of application of ICT in library and information services, the curriculum is also deficient on entrepreneurship. They attributed this to the fact that the curriculum is heavily tailored towards preparing professionals for job positions in libraries regardless of the fact that LIS professionals should be trained to work in varying types of environments. Consequently, there is a mismatch between LIS curricula and work requirements, a problem Pasipamire (2014) observes, is common in developing countries. Saleh (2011) posits that because of this mismatch, fresh graduates of LIS from tertiary institutions and polytechnics in Nigeria lack confidence and initiative in carrying out assigned responsibilities in the work place.
Given the foregoing, there is no doubt that the establishment and objectives of SIWES are worthwhile for LIS undergraduate training. However, if the scheme is to have successful outcomes, the polytechnics and the Industrial Training Fund (ITF) must be clear on the requirements from industry for providing industrial training. It is also important that LIS students undergo the training in establishments that have both the facilities and human resources needed to provide appropriate forms of training. Additionally, given the fact that the scheme was established as a platform that would enable students acquire the much-needed competencies/skills that will make them fit for productive work upon graduation, there should be effective periodic monitoring and evaluation of LIS trainees by the schools’ departmental supervisors to assess the extent of knowledge and competencies/skills acquisition. Except this is done, the training will amount to little more than an academic exercise.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
There is no doubt that the SIWES or industrial training conceived as an avenue for bridging the gap between theory and practice, is important for LIS undergraduate training in polytechnics in Nigeria. Over the years, students of LIS departments in polytechnics in Nigeria have been involved in the scheme. However, in spite of the many years of existence of the SIWES and the continuing participation of LIS students in the scheme, doubts are still being expressed over the competencies and skills levels of graduates of LIS from polytechnics in Nigeria (Simisaye, 2014; Saleh, 201;Ugwu, 2010).
This study was motivated by the fact that over the years the researchers have observed that LIS undergraduate students have to seek for placement with industries themselves. They are also almost never visited by their school department supervisors during the course of the industrial training. In many cases, the trainees are merely required to fill their log books and get their activities rated and signed by their industry supervisors. Often, in a bid to ensure that the student trainees’ academic records are not negatively impacted – the training carries four credits – the industry supervisors award them high grades which often do not reflect the reality. This raises a question as to whether the SIWES is an effective platform for equipping LIS students with the competencies and skills they so much require. It is important therefore, to examine the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
Although, the primary objectives of the study is evaluate the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study. Other specific objectives are:
- Determine the extent library science students participate effectively in the SIWES Programme.
- Ascertain the impact of SIWES on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro.
- Identify the challenges faced by LIS students during participation in industrial training?
1.4 Research Questions
The study will be guided by the following questions;
- What is the extent library science students participate effectively in the SIWES Programme?
- What is the impact of SIWES on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro?
- What are the challenges faced by LIS students during participation in industrial training?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
- Ho: Participation in SIWES has no positive impact on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro.
- Ha: Participation in SIWES has a positive impact on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro.
1.6 Significance of Study
The following are the significance of this study:
The outcome of this study will form a useful guide for polytechnic management on how to restructure the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) with a bid to realize the objective of the proramme.
This research will also serve as a resource base to other scholars and researchers interested in carrying out further research in this field subsequently, if applied will go to an extent to provide new explanation to the topic.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The research which examines the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study. However, the respondents for the study will be obtained from library and information science students in federal polytechnic of Ilaro.
1.8 Limitations of the Study
This research project, like all human endeavors, had some challenges that threatened to derail the study’s completion. One of the reasons is that the time allotted for this work was so limited that the researcher did not have enough time to complete the task thoroughly. During data collection, the researcher also had to put forth extra effort to understand the respondents’ interview schedules, several of whom fell into the incomprehensible age group. Also, there were financial and transportation constraints to deal with. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire, interview).
1.9 Definition of Terms
Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme (SIWES):
Is a skill training programme designed to expose and prepare students of Universities, Polytechnics, Colleges of Technology, Colleges of Education and Colleges of Agriculture for the industrial work situation that they are likely to meet after graduation.
1.10 Organization of the Studies
The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:
5.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
5.2 Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was to examine the impact of SIWES on library and information science students using federal polytechnic of Ilaro as a case study. Specifically the study was set to determine the extent library science students participate effectively in the SIWES Programme, ascertain the impact of SIWES on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro, and identify the challenges faced by LIS students during participation in industrial training.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 141 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents are library and information science students of federal polytechnic, Ilaro.
5.3 Conclusions
Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made the following conclusion
- The extent library science students effectively participate in SIWES Programme is high.
- Participation in SIWES has a positive impact on the professional development of library and information science students in Federal Polytechnic of Ilaro.
- The challenges faced by LIS students during participation in industrial training includes; delay in issuing logbooks/I.T. letters, refusal to accept students by organizations, accommodation issues, and lack of transport allowance
5.4 Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations were made:
- Consequent upon the findings of the study, the following recommendations are made: 1. LIS students should be well prepared for this kind of employment environment (SIWES). They should as a matter of necessity choose functional libraries and library related organizations for their training to acquire the necessary skills for their professional development. Also ICT and LIS-related self-employment opportunities should be included in the program. This could be achieved by students’ ability to choose functional libraries, be ICT compliant and obtain necessary information and computer literacy.
- Organized private sectors, government establishments and other related organizations should be encouraged to accept LIS student for training in their establishments. This could be done by establishing functional libraries where LIS students would be trained and organizations would enjoy and maximize to the full the services of the students free of charge.
- Employers of labour should be encouraged to make provision for temporary accommodation for students trainees during their training to eliminate the issue of accommodation problem.
- It is also recommended that institutions should release funds for the payment of stipend to trainees to ease off the problem of inadequate fund on students. Likewise, Funds should also be released to institutions for effective supervision of students during SIWES training.
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