The Impact Of Local Government Administration In Economic And Social Development In Nigeria (A Case Study Of Nsukka Local Government Of Enugu State)
The Impact Of Local Government Administration In Economic And Social Development In Nigeria (A Case Study Of Nsukka Local Government Of Enugu State)
Abstract
In this research work, the researcher intended to have a general discussion with local government as my background. But lack of space may not allow me for detailed discussion and analysis. However, all essentials part of the impact of local government administration in economic and social development in Nigeria are discussed. In chapter one, I discussed the background, the problem, purpose of the study, scope, some research question and research hypothesis, significance, and some definition of terms. In chapter two, contains review of related literature, local government, social and economic development process, characteristic of rural area and the history of local government in Nigeria. Furthermore, chapter three contains research design, area of the study, population and sample size, instrument for data collection validation of instrument, reliability of instrument and method of data collection and method of data analysis. And chapter four, contains presentation and analysis of data, testing of hypothesis and summary of result. Finally chapter five, contains discussion of result findings, conclusion, implication of the research findings, recommendation, limitation and suggestion for further research.
Table of Contents
Chapter One
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the study
- 1.2 Statement of the problem
- 1.3 Objectives of the study
- 1.4 Research Hypothesis
- 1.5 Significance of the study
- 1.6 Scope of the Study
- 1.7 Limitation of the Study
- 1.8 Definition of Term
- Reference
Chapter Two
Review of Related Literature
- 2.1 Local government administration
- 2.2 Social and economic development process
- 2.3 Characteristics of rural areas
- 2.4 The history of local government in Nigeria
- 2.5 Local Government Mobilization For Communal Development
- 2.6 Sources of revenue generation in the local
- Reference
Chapter Three
Research Design and Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sampling Selection for the Study
- 3.4 Sampling Techniques
- 3.5 Instrument for Data Collection
- 3.6 Validation of the instrument
- 3.7 Reliability of the instrument
- 3.8 Method of Data Analysis
- Reference
Chapter Four
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Presentation and Analysis of Data
- 4.2 Data Analysis
- 4.3 Discussion of Results
- References
Chapter Five
Discussion, Recommendation and Conclusion
- 5.1 Summary of Result
- 5.2 Conclusions
- 5.3 Recommendations
- Bibliography
- Appendix
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
This study is a modest attempt at a lucid explication of the impact of local government in Nigeria.
Nigerian local government system has witnessed tremendous transformation since the introductions of the 1988 civil service reforms and its application at the local government administration one of the changes introduced to strengthen the local government is the direct payment of their statutory allocations which was increased from 15% to 20%. In addition local government auditor was established in each state government to ensure proper utilization of financial resources at the local level to check any misappropriation of public funds. Also all local government now has a common structure which distinguish them from service department.
Local government at any level has some stand and roles such as the maintenance of law and order, the promotion of economic and social development. They are left with considerable freedom to act as they see fit for the interest of the local community.
From the point of view the government as agents of development are will place to help the rural areas to develop. These can be done by investing in social and economic infrastructure such as roads, bridges, hospitals, schools, electrification and telecommunication. The other essential duties inherited from the Native Authorities include rural and the urban water supplies markets and libraries. We generally regard the convenience list as including those extra amenities which make for a better life in the community, other than those life in the community, other than those which are concerned with fighting discuss e.g. bus and lorry parks. The regulation of handcarts on the streets, community and recreation centers, parks and open spaces, grazing areas and fuel plantations, the naming of streets and the numbering of buildings. These are recognized as automatically the responsibility of the local government. They also help in the service of park control and supply of water, electricity and gas, the provision of road and water transport, and any other trading undertaking that the state government specifically authorizes.
The local government also take care for a specifically health orientation and supplying of drugs, a midwifery service, to arrange for health visiting and home nursing to provide facilities for vaccination and immunization.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Local government is expected to become more meaningful in facilitating social and economic development at the grassroots level. Central to the achievement of these objectives is the financial viability of this tier of government. This point has been subtly underscored by “Dasuki panel” on local government administration, when it observed inter alia that a good number of local government roles could not be performed at all, due to a variety of reasons principal among which are:
- Inadequate financial capacity
- Lack of necessary technical manpower, and erosion of functions particularly in the revenue yielding areas by state government – thus reducing the revenue base of the local government.
This demonstrates that success or failure of local government depends among other things, on their revenue base, the fiscal resources available and the way these resources are utilized. However, central to the above is the ability of the local government to generate substantial financial resources which is one of the tripartite goals of every local government in Nigeria more importantly, one is inclined to think that this is the point that can give an impact in breaking the vicious cycle of poverty of NSUKKA local government. The researcher wants to identify the reasons for the vicarious cycle, and proffer a solution to the above problems.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
This study seeks to look at the contribution of local government development of rural areas in Nigeria using NSUKKA local government area of ENUGU state.
This research also aimed at identifying different factors militating the effectiveness of local government and solutions to those problems identified and it will be offered at the completion of the research work.
Finally, the study makes a modest attempt to fulfill this purpose in the social and economic development of the effective delivery of service to the respective local populations scattered all over the country. It also make a recommendations on making local government an effective third level of government, the development and management of the human resources of local governments and the development of the financial resources of local government. The overall thrust of the recommendation is on how to ensure faithful implementation of local government.
1.4 Research Hypothesis
The research questions for work will be based on the following:
- H0: Do local governments have any role to play in the economic development of rural area?
H1: Local governments have any role to play in the economic development of rural area? - H0: To what extent has local government administration? Played its roles in rural area?
H2: Local government has definite administrative system of making sure that grass root development is brought to the local level. - H0: Does low morale among the staffs of local government militate development of rural areas?
H3: Yes local government confidence and spirit of group work is what the administration need to achieve progress. - H0: Is there any constraints that militate against the success of development process of local government?
H1: Does weak financial base hinder the goals of meeting up rural development?
1.5 Significance of the Study
The need and importance of the research is obvious. At a time when local government has come to assume an overwhelming influence on the process of political and economic development.
It becomes more relevant to examine much more closely, the characters and dynamics of this three tier of government and to clarify the major contradictions that have landed to impede its capacity to promote development at local level.
However, a scientific study of this kind becomes necessary especially at this time when the past and present civilian administrations are particularly concern about rural development.
Finally, this study will generally add to the growing numbers of literature on local government affairs, more particularly on the roles of local government administration in economic ad social development of rural area in Nigeria and pragmatic solutions offered towards making them more efficient and responsive to the needs of rural Nigerians, it also to policy makers and researchers alike.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This research area and dimension of coverage is based on only the roles of local government administration in economic and social development of rural area in Nigeria and to staff, teachers businessmen, farmers, in Nsukka South local government of Enugu State.
1.7 Definitions of Terms
The following terms have been defined for the purpose of this study:
(i) Local government:
This is government at a local level exercised through representative councils established by laws toe exercise specific functions within a defined area.
(ii) Development:
Development is a multi – dimensional process involving a re-organizational and reorientation of the entire economic and social system, in addition to improve income and outcome. Its typically involves radical changes in institutional, social as well popular attitude and sometimes even customs and belief.
(iii) Council:
This refers to the organ that constitute representation of people either elected or nominated.
(iv) Social Economic Development:
This is a combination of social and economic development. It embraces improvement in not only standard of living and per-capital income, but also high level of employment, reducing inflation, adequate food, high infrastructures, stressing values rather than achievement.
(v) Objectives:
These are end results to which an organization or government activity directed objective are hierarchical in nature are determined or formulated by top management of an organization after economic, social and political forces affecting the organization have been apprised.
(vi) Programmes:
This consists of essentially integrated series of development projects that spans over a length of time.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Introduction
It is important to ascertain that the objective of this study was to ascertain the impact of local government administration in economic and social development in Nigeria.
In the preceding chapter, the relevant data collected for this study were presented, critically analyzed and appropriate interpretation given. In this chapter, certain recommendations made which in the opinion of the researcher will be of benefits in addressing the challenges of local government administration.
5.2 Summary
The impact of local government administration in economic development in Nigeria has taken a focal point in modern day research; governments in all societies have launched various programs and projects aimed at social development. However, the extent of economic development varies from state to state. In other hand, the level of development of a society in a measure of the degree of presence or absence of certain infrastructures which could either positively impact or negatively affects the social, political, cultural and economic life of the rural dwellers. It is imperative to note that the provision of social amenities and other facilities are skewed in favour of the urban areas to the detriment of the rural sector/area were majority of the population live. However, Nsukka local Government Areas had not succeeded in the performance of this role as the areas during the period covered witnessed, abject rural poverty, high rate of rural unemployment, decay and inadequate infrastructural facilities in the areas of rural electrification feeder roads portable water, farm/business inputs, health care services, mobilizing community participation and ineffective capital funding towards financial, economic and executive autonomy to preferred a wide a range of functions at the grassroots level.
5.3 Conclusion
This study evaluated the impact of local government administration in economic and social development in Nigeria. It identified Local Government as the nearest government to the people and thus, a channel through which the community feels the pulse of other higher levels of government. To this effect, the paper contends that Local Government is the hub for social, political and economic mobilization and galvanization of the citizens for effective participation in the community and national development. Far from providing community with supports such as funds technical, material and financial support for the community development practice, Local Government also undertakes some developmental services in the community even without the financial/technical assistance of the said community. However, the study identified several challenges that militate against these role and they includes: official corruption, the Nigerian factor, poor revenue generation, political instability, social injustice and economic inequality and general poverty among the vast majority of the populace amongst others. Finally, the study proffered some functional solution to the challenges and they include: strengthening and use of grassroots institution, establishing and adhering strictly to accountability procedure to guard against corruption and other unwanted behavior, diversification of revenue generation, attitudinal change through value re-orientation and effective utilization of grass roots communication procedure to secure the active participation of the community amongst others. After all, community development is all about the development of the community through active involvement of the indigenes.
5.4 Recommendation
Having considered the findings from the research, the following measured are recommended for improving the performance of rural development Nsukka local government areas. To bring about a more realistic rural development in Nigeria, specifically Nsukka local government, the local governments should minimize their total dependence on the federal allocation, and increase their efforts towards generating more revenue through the diversification of their internal revenue sources. Again, rural communities in Nigeria, specifically Nsukka local governments areas are no longer seem as recipients of development programs rather, they are become critical stakeholders that have an important role to play in the management of programs and projects in their areas. It is also a step towards building their capacities to effectively participate in identifying and responding to rural community’s issues and problems toward rural development.
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