The Impact Of Lesson Planning And The Student Teacher; Problems And Solutions
The Impact Of Lesson Planning And The Student Teacher; Problems And Solutions
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria. The study was carried out to ascertain the attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning, find out the extent students-teachers develop and implement lesson plans, determine whether lesson contributes to the effective teaching and learning among students-teachers, and find out whether lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 57 respondents and 50 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. While the hypotheses were tested using Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals the attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning is negative. The study also revealed that lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers. Therefore, it is recommended that it is important that integrating lesson plan and classroom management to minimize discipline problems. Thus, this helps the student teacher to be more confident and the student to be motivated. To mention but a few.
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Education is crucial to the social, political and economic development of any nation and consequently effective education is very important. Effective teaching is important because it is based on helping children developments from one level to another in a friendlier interactive society and to help students to be independent. Effectiveness does not mean being perfect or giving excellent performances, it is mean being able to plan effective lessons to catch the learner’s attention and to get them wholly engaged within the learning process, and consequently no time is available to make noise or bad behaviors in the classroom. For that it has been said that good order is the foundation of all things (Othmane, 2015). Classroom management deals with how things are generally carried out in the classroom. According to Rothstein (2008) classroom management is the relation between the teacher’s ability and student’s behavior to establish an appropriate classroom learning and teaching. Also Groves (2009) asserted that “classroom management is set of rules, words, and deeds that, the classroom teacher, use to keep classroom running smoothly so that you and your students can work, teach, and learn safely and efficiently”.
In addition, teaching is the interaction between teacher and student who participate for getting their own objectives. The quality of the teacher- student relationship is the reason for all other aspects of classroom management, therefore, we may say that the teachers play a major role in planning lesson. When they prepare it effectively, they will have a well-managed classroom since this helps them to avoid discipline problems and to facilitate student learning. Classroom management involves all aspects of what is going on in the classroom while a lesson is being taught because it includes elements of classroom discipline but it focuses more on creating learning environment that is organized, engaged and respectful for both teachers and students. (Hanane, 2016). Teachers as well were concerned with the questions of how to teach effectively and how to plan lessons successfully in order to avoid any mistakes with classroom management. Lesson plan as an effective tool of teaching was described by loads of researchers, below are some of them.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Lesson plan is one of the most frequent effective factors in the classroom management settings. It has a great influence to manage a good classroom because classes without teacher’s planning may lead to discipline problems, disruptive behavior, poor learning, disappointment and frustration. Most of the researchers have the same idea that without lesson plan teachers cannot manage the classroom well which already mentioned in previous pages. Also, a study was conducted by Behzad (2013) reveled that Nigeria is a developing country which nowadays is experiencing quality education but still there are lots of problems that cause low quality education. Lack of qualified teachers is one of the causes which the majority of school teachers (especially remote areas) are lack of pedagogical content knowledge which in the result they use poor teaching methods. Not planning alesson is another problem which cause low quality teaching. Lesson plan helps teachers to teach effectively and achieve the goal. Most of student teachers design lesson plan, but have problems in its implementing, in some remote areas the teachers are unaware of designing lesson plan, because most of them are 12th grade graduates.To respond the above issues and problems this research conducted to explore the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in Nigeria.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
The general aim of this study is to assess the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in Nigeria.
To achieve this, the study will specifically:
- Ascertain the attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning.
- Find out the extent students-teachers develop and implement lesson plans
- Determine whether lesson contributes to the effective teaching and learning among students-teachers.
- Find out whether lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers.
1.4 Research Question
The study will be guided by the following questions:
- What is the attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning?
- What is the extent students-teachers develop and implement lesson plans?
- Does lesson contribute to the effective teaching and learning among students-teachers?
- Does lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
- Ho: Lesson planning does not facilitate effective class management and teaching practice among student-teachers.
- Ha: Lesson planning facilitates effective class management and teaching practice among student-teachers.
1.6 Significance of the study
The ultimate study has a great impact on the learning and teaching process. In order to create a good atmosphere in the classroom, teachers must plan a well-organized lesson. It clarifies the role of lesson planning in improving learners’ effectiveness in the classroom. This study will be beneficial for teachers, especially student-teachers.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.
1.8 Scope of the Study
The study generally focuses on the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in Nigeria. The study will be delimited to the experience of student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Lesson plan
Lesson plan as “an outline of the important points of a lesson arranged in the order in which they are to be presented to students by the teacher”.
Classroom Management
Classroom management deals with how things are generally carried out in the classroom.
1.10 Organization of the Study
The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:
5.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
5.2 Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was to examine the impact and problems of lesson planning among student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State, Nigeria.The study is was specifically focused to ascertain the attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning, find out the extent students-teachers develop and implement lesson plans, determine whether lesson contributes to the effective teaching and learning among students-teachers, and find out whether lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 50 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are student teachers in some selected secondary schools in Nsukka, Enugu State.
5.3 Conclusions
In the light of the analysis carried out, the following conclusions were drawn.
- The attitude of student-teachers towards lesson planning is negative.
- The extent students-teachers develop and implement lesson plans is low.
- Lesson contribute to the effective teaching and learning among students-teachers.
- Lack of adequate knowledge on the use of lesson planning affects its implementation among student-teachers.
5.4 Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.
- Planning lessons must be prepared by the student-teachers to facilitate teaching learning process.
- Student teacher’s responsibility should be based on how to build a healthy classroom management.
- Students teacher’s lesson plan can develop a well managed classroom in which it allows them to organize their classrooms.
- Disruptive behavior must be prevented for both teachers and students to establish an effective classroom environment and organization
- It is also important that integrating lesson plan and classroom management to minimize discipline problems. Thus, this helps the student teacher to be more confident and the student to be motivated.
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Frequently Asked Questions
Why is lesson planning important in teaching and learning?
Through planning for a lesson makes the teaching-learning encounter valuable and productive impact. Conversely, no planning leads to a wasteful and unproductive lesson. The motion pervades education at all levels andin all subject areas (Egbe, 2008).
Why is lesson planning so difficult?
Lesson planning is one of my favorite parts of teaching, but a lot can go wrong! Between the lack of (uninterrupted) planning time, the sometimes unclear standards, and the hodgepodge of resources most of us have available, it’s tough to plan lessons that keep kids engaged AND give them the learning experiences that lead to success.
What is the teacher’s role in making effective lesson plan?
If a lesson is to be effective, the teacher needs to make decision in these areas before the lesson. He needs to identify the objectives he intends to develop, the knowledge or subject-matter, objectives as well as the process and effective objectives.
What happens when there is no planning in teaching?
Conversely, no planning leads to a wasteful and unproductive lesson. The motion pervades education at all levels andin all subject areas (Egbe, 2008).
