The Impact Of E-Learning On Academic Performance

Final Year Research Project and Seminar Material on Technology Education

Abstract

This study was carried out to assess the impact of e-learning on student’s performance using Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja. The study was carried out to determine the level of teacher’s utilization of e-learning tools for teaching and learning of in secondary schools; evaluate the effects of e-learning strategy on students academic performance in secondary schools, and investigate the factors affecting the utilization of e-learning tools for the teaching and learning in secondary schools. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprised of teachers and students in the selected junior secondary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja. In determining the sample size, the researcher purposefully selected 160 respondents and 141 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables, and mean scores. While the hypotheses was tested Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that E-learning tools are adequately utilized for teaching and learning of in secondary schools. The study also revealed that the use of e-learning tools has significant effect on student’s performance. Therefore, it is recommended that secondary schools management should make a consorted effort to provide e-learning environments that would enhance student performances in schools and also facilitate their self- development efforts. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Tables
Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Limitation of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size Determination
3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
3.6 Method of Data Collection
3.7 Method of Data Analysis
3.8 Validity of the Study
3.9 Reliability of the Study
3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Analysis of Data
4.3 Answering Research Questions
4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Quality education has always been linked with charismatic educators who make an effort to get to know their students on a one-to-one basis. Because of the many ways in which Nigeria needs to catch up to the developed world—including in terms of global competitiveness and best practices—the importance of education has grown, especially in a developing country like Nigeria. As the globe continues to shrink into a global village, it is more important than ever to try to close the gap between the developed and developing worlds by introducing new, effective methods of instruction that make use of ICT.

Secondary education has been revolutionized by the introduction of e-learning. According to Craig (2017), “e-learning” is the dissemination of innovative teaching practices through the dissemination of skills and information gained through the use of computers and networks. Rosenberg defines e-learning as the process by which individuals gain skills or information to improve performance using the internet or intranet and multimedia, leading to reinforced learning through video, audio, quizzes, and other types of interaction. E-learning, as defined by Alkhalafi, Drew, & Alhussain (2017) is defined as any kind of education that makes use of technological resources, such as the Internet and digital devices. The term “e-learning” refers to the process of delivering and receiving instruction, assessment, and feedback in a digital format. Similarly Hedge and Hayward (2014) cited in Kearsley (2020) averred that it is a novel method for making high-quality, digitally-mediated, learner-centered, interactive learning environments available anytime, anywhere. Accessibility, low cost, student autonomy, standard delivery (lessening the likelihood of misunderstandings), and the facilitation of group study and work are only few of the reasons for its widespread adoption and popularity. There is a wide range of approaches to using ICT in education, from the most fundamental forms of e-learning and distance education to the usage of portable devices like mobile phones.

Therefore, by incorporating an e-learning strategy into the teaching and learning, students are afforded the chance to take charge of their education, develop a comfort with and proficiency in the use of technology, broaden their social and professional networks, and sharpen their analytical and problem-solving abilities. While learning the content, student also learn more about themselves and the world. Thus, e-learning is a promising instructional medium as well as a ripe area in which to conduct investigation on the impact of e-learning on student’s performance.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The difficulty of students to retain what they have learned is one of the main issues they have when learning. This issue is sometimes brought on by lecturers expressing themselves too theoretically while students are only listening. Facts and ideas are memorized and repeated by students. While these issues affecting teaching and learning activities can be resolved using slide presentations, audio-video presentation processes, and other interactive ICT software facilities in which a student interacts with and is guided, Tukura, Adamu & Kanu (2020) observed that the teaching and learning activities is dominated by the lecture method and is thought to be the primary reason for learning disabilities and a lack of interest on the part of the learners.

According to Drain, Grier & Sun (2018) as most professors still favour employing the lecture approach, sometimes known as the “chalk and talk” method, this may have been the primary factor in the students’ poor academic achievement in fundamental science. As a result, it is determined that factors contributing to poor performance among learners include a lack of trained teachers who can adapt traditional teaching methods to modern teaching strategies and a lack of use of appropriate instructional materials.

1.3 Objective of the Study

The broad objective of this study is focused on the impact of e-learning on student’s performance. Other specific objectives includes:

To determine the level of teacher’s utilization of e-learning tools for teaching and learning of in secondary schools.
To evaluate the effects of e-learning strategy on students academic performance in secondary schools.
To investigate the factors affecting the utilization of e-learning tools for the teaching and learning in secondary schools.

1.4 Research Questions

Th research is guided by the following research questions

What is the level of teacher’s utilization of e-learning tools for teaching and learning in secondary schools?
What are the effects of e-learning strategy on students academic performance in secondary schools?
What are the factors affecting the utilization of e-learning tools for the teaching and learning in secondary schools?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

Ho: The use of e-learning tools has no significant effect on student’s performance.
Ha: The use of e-learning tools has significant effect on student’s performance.

1.6 Significance of the Study

This study in its significance will reveal the influence of e-learning on academic performance of secondary school student. It would expose how far and well virtual learning have been imbibed and accepted by government secondary school student. It will enlighten the teachers on the need of stepping up their professional skills in order to adapt to this fast changing digitization in education. It will awaken the awareness of stakeholders, curriculum developers and education policy makers on the need to adopt the invention of educational technologies as strategies to enhance the effective use of virtual learning as a tool for instruction in schools. The study will also serve as a reference materials to both student and scholars who wishes to conduct further studies in related field.

1.7 Scope of the Study

The scope of this study borders on the impact of e-learning on student’s performance in Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja. The study is however delimited to use Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researchers encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection (internet, questionnaire, and interview), which is why the researcher resorted to a moderate choice of sample size. More so, the researcher will simultaneously engage in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

1.9 Definition of Terms

E-learning:

E-learning describes the cognitive science principles of effective multimedia learning using electronic educational technology.

Virtual Learning:

Virtual learning is a learning experience that is enhanced through utilizing computers and/or the internet both outside and inside the facilities of the educational organization or conventional classroom setting. The teaching activities are carried out online whereby the teacher and learners are physically separated (in terms of place, time, or both).

Academic Performance:

Academic performance is the knowledge gained which is assessed by marks by a teacher and/or educational goals set by students and teachers to be achieved over a specific period of time.

1.10 Organization of the Study

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the impact of e-learning on student’s performance using Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the impact of e-learning on student’s performance using Junior Secondary Schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja. The study is was specifically carried out to determine the level of teacher’s utilization of e-learning tools for teaching and learning of in secondary schools; evaluate the effects of e-learning strategy on students academic performance in secondary schools, and investigate the factors affecting the utilization of e-learning tools for the teaching and learning in secondary schools.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 141 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were teachers and students in the selected junior secondary schools in Abuja Municipal Area Council, FCT, Abuja.

5.3 Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

E-learning tools are adequately utilized for teaching and learning of in secondary schools.
The use of e-learning tools has significant effect on student’s performance.
The factors affecting the utilization of e-learning tools for the teaching and learning in secondary schools includes; poor technological skill, inadequate maintenance, poor digital literacy, epileptic electricity, & inadequate provision of latest ict infrastructures.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

This current study would therefore, recommends that secondary schools management should make a consorted effort to provide e-learning environments that would enhance student performances in schools and also facilitate their self- development efforts.
Assignment and research works that are meant to encourage students to the most effective use of the elearning facilities provided by the school should frequently be given to the students as this will help to significantly improve their self–independence and development in their respective academic endeavors.

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