Financial Institutions In Nigeria

Project and Seminar material for Accountancy

Abstract

The object of this research work reported in these texts, aimed at finding out details of financial institution in Nigeria.

Financial institution refers to those organizations that are largely established either by the government or individual’s money and credit in circulation.

Financial institutions can be classified into:

1. Banking type financial institutions and
2. Non Banking type financial institutions

The sources of data used were both primary and secondary source of data. The primary sources of data were interviews grants to me while the secondary sources were obtained from other related literature.

The analysis and discussion of result of the study is in relation to the role of financial institutions in the development of an economy.

From the researchers findings, it will be seen that one thing to be very clear is that the domestic mobilization of financial resources is essential for capital formation and accelerated growth and that financial institutions offer an efficient institutional mechanism through which resources can be mobilized and directed from essential used to more productive investment.

The problems of the financial institutions are the financial institutions especially the commercial bank and insurance companies should continue in their expansion network and even as many part of the country as possible and be more aggressive for deposit.

Table Of Contents

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title Page
• Approval Page
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table Of Content

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Statement of Problems
• 1.3 Purpose of the Study
• 1.4 Research Question
• 1.5 Significance of the Study
• 1.6 Scope of the Study
• 1.7 Limitation of the Study
• 1.8 Definition of Terms

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature Review

• 2.2 The Nature of Financial Institution in the Development of an Economy
• 2.3 Types of Credit Facilities
• 2.4 The Effect of Government Policies on Financial Institutions- –
• 2.5 The Scope of Financial Institutions in the development of an economy. –
• 2.6 The Concept of Economic Development-
• 2.7 The Structure of the Nigeria Financial System
• 2.8 Establishment of Nigeria Deposit Insurance Corporation
• 2.9 The Need for Financial Institutions in the Development of an Economy

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Design and Methodology

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Research Design
• 3.3 Sources/Method Of Data Collection
• 3.4 Population And Sample Size
• 3.5 Sampling Techniques
• 3.6 Validity And Reliability Of Measuring Instrument
• 3.7 Method Of Data Analysis

Chapter Four

4.0 Presentation and Analysis of Data

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Presentation Of Data
• 4.3 Analysis Of Data
• 4.4 Analysis Of Research Question
• 4.5 Interpretation Of Result
• Questionnaire

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

• 5.1 Summary Of The Finding
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendation
• Reference
• Appendix

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background Of The Study

Financial institution refers to these organizations that are legally established either by the government or individuals to directly or indirectly control and manage the volume of money and credits in circulation. The legality of the establishment of these organizations distinguishes them from other organization that control money in this category.

Even though they lend money to people, they are not legally authorized to perform, therefore, any contract entered into with these people is void and a nullity and hence, cannot be enforced at the court of law.
The financial Institution can be classified into :

1. Banking type financial institutions and
2. Non-Banking type financial institutions.

Banking Type Financial Institutions

These institutions control and manage the volume of money in circulation directly; they are responsible for the printing, minting and creation of credit of money. Banking type financial institution can also be called the deposit type financial institutions. Deposit in the sense that they accept money deposit from their customers, or other financial intermediaries. By this, the banking type financial institution intermediate between the saving surplus counts and the saving deficit units thereby increasing the volume of money in circulation through credit creation.

Types Of Banking Type Financial Institutions:

1. Central bank
2. Commercial banks
3. Merchant banks
4. Development banks
5. People’s banks
6. Community banks etc.

Non-Banking Type Financial Institutions

As the name suggests, non-banking financial institution do not control money supply directly as the banking types do. However, the non-banking institution still control money supply, although indirectly. Examples of institutions under this category include Insurance companies, co-operative Societies, building Societies, provident funds, etc.

1.2 Statement Of The Problem

The major problems of financial institution are breach of contract, negligence, conversion and deformation. Moreover, the relationship between the financial institution and his customer does not continue indefinitely. The accuracy of any of the following of any of the following wants can bring the relationship to an end.

1. Death of the customer
2. Banking or insolvency of the customer
3. Mental incapacitation
4. Liquidation and
5.  Closing of account

1.3 Purpose Of The Study

The objectives of any study undertaking are to contribute to the development and growth of the case study. This research work intends to investigate critically financial institutions in nigeria.
The purpose includes:

1. To assess the financial institution impact on the economic Growth and development in Nigeria.
2. To examine the ownership distribution of the institution in the system, the structure of the system and regulatory framework within which the institutions operation.
3. To ascertain how much the purpose of the financial institution have been able to achieve their standing.
4. To know the relationship between the public and the financial institution and
5. To ascertain the legal risks arising out of the financial institution, customer relationship.
6. The research will also look into the future of the financial system, its responsibilities and the role in the Nigerian economy and therefore, suggest likely ways of solving the problem.

1.4 Research Questions

1. Do financial Institutions play any role in the development of an economy?
2. Does non-banking type financial institution control money supply directly as the banki8ng type do?
3. Do the financial institution and his customers’ relationship continue indefinitely?
4. Does the overall objective of establishment of the institution tend towards meeting the political and economic needs of the country?

These questions when answered will show how well financial institutions play a role in these developments of an economy.

1.5. Significance Of The Study

This work, the role of financial institution in the development of an economy is indispensable and equally significance because this will not only enhance the economy growth of the country but will also improve the standard of living of the people as it directly or indirectly creates employment for the teaming population of the many unemployment in the nation. It is also worth studying in the sense that it is unique in position as being solely responsible in determining and launching the nation into a good economy.

The study is equally important to the general public since this research review the role of financial institution in meeting their primary purposes as well as other objectives with a view to improving the economic standard in Nigeria.

It also looked into the primary role of these institutions which includes provision of equity capital and funds by ways of granting loans to individuals, institutional or organization for medium and long term investment. in industry and commence as such rate and upon such terms as may determined by the board in accordance with the policy directed by the federal executive council.

These research works also intended to provide a base for further researchers in the area of financial institutions.
Finally, this topic will hopeful be of great important to any developing country hoping to established financial institution to help speed up her economic development since it has highlighted the role and functions such institution plays in economic development.

1.6 Scope Of The Study

In the process of conducting this research topic, the researcher examination will only be concentrated on financial institution in Nigeria. This research work will cover financial institutions. The researcher intended as much as possible to conduct an adequate research but could not achieved due to some constraints sequel to the developing and high demand of adequate finance, this is every indication that thee are constraint to the validity of the conclusion reached.

1.7 Limitation Of The Study

This study is limited by certain constraint required to write off the cost incurred in marketing this project ass success, such limitation are as follows:

1. Lack of fund required to cover the cost of transportation, materials for working and typing the project and binding of the project.
2. Time factor: The time allocated for the completion of the study is too short for more objectives of th4 result. As extension of time given should be encouraged. I am suggesting that the project topic should be approved for the writer, starting from the first semester of thee academic session.
3. Co-operation from the staff of the company: The researcher, if not for the help of friends and well wishers, getting information for the research from the company and libraries, could have been so difficult.

The management and staff thought that the researcher was about to carrying out espionage on the company to other competitors who are located at the same area? It took the research so much time to convince the management that the research is strictly for academic purpose.

1.8 Definition Of Terms

The following terms re defined in these contexts, which are used in the research work.

1. Financial institution
2. Banking type Financial institution
3. Non banking type Financial institution
4. Economy
5. Role
6. Population
7. Monetary policy.

1. Financial institution:

These refer to this organization that are legally established either by the government or individuals to directly or indirectly control and manage the volume of money and credit in circulation.

2. Banking type financial:

These institution control and mange the volume of money in circulation directly.

3. Non- banking type financial institution:

These institutions refers in those that do not control money supply directly as the banking type do.

4. Economy:

In this research economy refers to the control and management of the money, goods and other resources of the Nigeria societies with regards to the improvement of the standard of living of the people.

5. Role:

These are all part played and exhibited by financial institution in the development of Nigeria economy.

6. Population:

This can be defined as the number of element in a research study that the research has access for the purpose of gathering data.

7. Monetary policy:

This is a measure which deals with the discretion control of money supply by the monetary authority with a view to achieve stated economy objective designed to influence the cost and availability of credit

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion And Recommendations

5.1 Summary Of Findings

This project topic has established the existence and important of the role of financial institutions which involves provision of funds, relief from financial consequences of uncertainty and advisory services for business enterprises the following findings were identified on the questions a step on the case study.

1. That the role of financial institution is important in the development of an economy.
2. Those financial institutions are legally or indirectly either by government or individual; they directly or indirectly control and manage the volume of money and credit in circulation.
3. That the non-banking type of financial institution does not control money supply directly as the banking type do.
4. That financial institution plays a role in the development of an economy.
5. That the financial institution and his customers’ relationship continue indefinitely.
6. That the overall objectives of establishment of the institution tend towards meeting the political and economic needs of the country.
7. That there is a risk arising out of the institution-customer relationship.
8. That the banks render other type of service that is not purely a preserve banks.
9. That the role of financial institution efficient and effective in development of an economy.

5.2 Conclusion

In conclusion, the financial and institution should made available domestic resources to the economic sector which are considered important for growth and social equity designated preferred sector by the financial authorities in Nigeria. The expected role of financial institutions has induced government in many developing nations to assume direct control of these institutions,. As in the Nigeria case, government has accepted to partner with private interest in the management and ownership of financial institutions.

Judging from the growth that these institutes have experienced in the past and with the background which has experienced in the past and with the background which has already been covered, it is only for this expect that these institutions will have a crucial role to play in the development of Nigeria in economy. In Nigerians present stage of development, all financial institution must act as intermediaries providing the necessary machinery for bringing borrowers and lenders and accommodating their particular needs and preferences.

5.3 Recommendations

The following recommendations were made based on the research findings.

From the findings of this study, one thing to be very clear is that the domestic mobilization of financial resources is essential for capital formation and acceleration growth and that financial institution of an efficient institutional and mechanism through which research can be mobilized and directed from less essential uses to remove productive investment in order to work towards this concept. It is recommended that the financial institution especially the commercial banks and insurance companies should continue in their expression network and over as ay point of the country possible and be more aggressive in sourcing for deposit.

The government should as a matter of policy re-order its priority on the total economy. The government should also set up economy reconstruction committee to determine the level of production we want the industries to operate. The industries should be categorized into essential and nonessential sectors and provide funds for them.

The government should equally improve the rate of the number of skilled to unskilled staff. The present high level of unskilled staff appears to be more undesirable in modern building services.

The institution should increase the umber of skilled staff to improve quality products. While rental banks programme is to be continued, the government should as well put infrastructural development in the rural areas, a project of priority as to encourage staff to be there.

Finally, it is well known that one of the prerequisite for a successful economic development programme is a suitable and adequate credit delivery system to serve the generally of industrialist, commerce and farmers, so the government should set up a committee of experts ion financial matter to monitor government credit policies and who will ensure that loan granted will be sued for the purpose for which such loans were for.

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