Factors Militating Against The Student’s Enrolment In Business Education Programme In Universities In Rivers State (Case Study Of Rivers State University And Ignatius Ajuru University Of Education)

Factors Militating Against The Student’s Enrolment In Business Education Programme In Universities In Rivers State (Case Study Of Rivers State University And Ignatius Ajuru University Of Education)

Abstract

The study was designed to identify the factors militating the student’s enrollment in business education programme in universities (A case study of Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education.). This study employed a survey research design. The population of this study consisted of all the year one students from the department of Business Education, Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. A study sample is simply a systematic selected part of a population that infers its result on the population. The questionnaire was used as data collection and it contains 90 items grouped into five section according to the research question. The research questions were formulated and analyzed using mean distribution. The principle finding solutions was to study the causes of poor enrolment of male students into Business Education department in tertiary institution a case study of Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education.

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

Business Education according to Encyclopedia (2008) is a profession and field of study that deals with the profession of economics and management of the home and community. It is a field of study built upon many discipline for the purpose of achieving and maintaining the welfare of the home.

According to (Uzoezie 1990) it is taught in secondary schools and in adult education centers; student include women and men.

According to WikiPedia (2010). Business Education is a field of formal study including such topics as consumer education. Institution Management interior decoration, Home furnishing, clearing hand crafts, clothing and textiles, nutrition, food preservation, hygiene, child development, money management and family relationship. However sex education and drug awareness might also be cowered along with this topic such as food production.

The Business Education programme in Anyakoha and Eluwa (1991) is however divided into four areas

1. Clothing and textiles.
2. Home management
3. Food and Nutrition
4. Child development and care.

Each component is taught in tertiary institutions subjects with the basic concern on Business Education remains applicable to each of the four programmes.

Business Education prepares students for home making or professional career or assist in preparing to fulfill real-life responsibilities at home.

In the field of human art, Business Education is a discipline to achieve a sustainable living for individuals, families and communities.

Historically, Business Education has been in the context of the home and household but this has extended in the 21st century include the wider living environment as we better understand that; choice and peritonitis of individuals and families impact at all levels, ranging from the household to local and global community (Wikipedia 2010).

Home Economists are concerned in promoting and protecting the welfare of individuals families and communities, they facilitates the development of attributes for long life learning, for paid, unpaid and voluntary work.

Traditionally, research reveals that the number of women enrolment into Business Education exceeds that of men and there has been poor enrolment of male students into the department of Business Education in tertiary institutions, this among other things the fact that Business Education classes in the 19th century were intended to grown women for their duties in the home.

It is in this context, that the researchers wishes to access the poor enrolment of male student into Business Education in tertiary institutions using Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education college of Education Technical Enugu as case study.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Business Education is an interdisciplinary course, housing the following branches of academics study such as food and nutrition personal finance family resources management, textile and clothing, shelter and housing management and hospitality human development and family studies, Hotel management and hospitality, design and technology education and community services among others Haro (1992). Despite the importance of the interdisciplinary knowledge provided by Business Education which is essential because of the phenomena and challenges of day today activities and worries of life. Tertiary institutions are faced with the problem of poor enrolment of male students into the department of Business Education and this would undergo the need for an investigation study.

1.3 Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study is to assess the poor enrolment of male students into Business Education in tertiary institutions with references to Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education College of Education (Technical) Enugu.. Specifically, the study aims at finding out:

1. Whether parental factor influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department
2. Whether peer group influence affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department
3. Whether students perception of Business Education influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department
4. If the background knowledge of student in Business Education affect their enrolment in Business Education department
5. If the social value attached to the subject matter of Business Education affects students’ enrolment in Business Education department

1.4 Significance of the Study

This research work will be relevant to the management of Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of Education. It will also be beneficial to other institutions that offers Business Education in Nigeria. Furthermore, it will be of great importance to Business Education career potentials and future researchers on the issue of poor enrolment of male students into Business education. This empirical study is guaranteed to the researchers since it is a potential requirement for the award of national College of Education in Business Education the study will also be introduce to THE need FOR the study and society at large.

1.5 Scope of study

The research work focuses, particularly on the poor enrolment of the male students into Business Education in tertiary institution using Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education as a case study.

1.6 Research Questions

1. Do parental factors influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
2. Does peer group influence affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
3. Does students’ perception of the subject matter of Business Education influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
4. How does the background knowledge of student in Business Education affect their enrolment in Business Education department?
5. Does social value attach to the subject matter of Business Education affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

Chapter Five

Discussion of Findings, Conclusion, Summary and Recommendations

This chapter discusses the findings from the study conducted on factors that is responsible for low enrolment of students in Business Education department in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education.

This chapter is organized under the following sub-headings:

• Discussion of findings
• Conclusion
• Recommendation
• Limitation of study
• Suggestion for further studies

5.1 Discussion of Findings

1. Do parental factors influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

From table 4.1a and 4.1b, it’s obvious that parental factor affects students’ enrolment in Business Education department. From the previous literature collected with regards to Ali (2006), when the financial background of the parents of the child is poor, the child tends to go to less costlier schools where Business Education may not be handled well. The child may find it difficult to enroll in Business Education department at higher level. Fakunde (1999) in Ede (2008) opines that the most important predictor of enrolment in Business Education department is socio-economic status (SES) and that the higher the socio-economic status (SES) of the students’ family the higher his enrolment decision is embraced. Adegbayo (2009) speaking on his research report stated that students with high socio-economic status (SES) are proven to perform better in Business Education and other art related course than those with low SES. Thus, parents are key factor influencing students’ enrolment in Business Education department.

2. Does peer group influence affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

From table 4.2a and 4.2b above it is obvious that Peer pressure factor has a negative influence on the students choosing Business Education as a school subject as the percentage agreement and mean score are proven positive. Students use the facts and information from their friends or peers to deviate or not to enroll in business education. Friends feed the students with imaginary and false thoughts preventing the students or changing the mind of the students from choosing Business Education as a school subject. From previous literature reviewed, Adler (2010) reviews that peer group provides an enclave in which boys and girls resist the effort of parents and school to socialize themselves in their own way. John (2012) stated that peer group are compelling, it is almost impossible to go against a peer group whose cardinal rule seems to be confronting or negative based on this and the findings from the present work reviews to us that peer group is a cardinal factor influencing students’ enrolment in Business Education department.

3. Does students’ perception of the subject matter of Business Education influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

From table 4.3a and 4.3b above, it is obvious that misconception of the nature of Business Education has a great influence on the students’ enrolment in Business Education department. Spinder (2013) in Agbo (2005) commenting on the negative attitude of students’ enrolment in Business Education says that the incident are happening because the curriculum of the schools is not related to the environment of the child. Students have made up their mind that Business Education is difficult and for the brainy alone. In collaboration with the present findings it is clearly reviewed that the negative attitude of students towards Business Education influence their enrolment in Business Education department.

4. How does the background knowledge of student in Business Education affect their enrolment in Business Education department?

From table 4.4a and 4.4b above, it is obvious that most students do not enroll in Business Education department because of their poor background knowledge of business education. From literature review, Eze (2013) emphasized that most schools do not carry out Business Education practical except during the period of external examination. Okoh (2007) in Ede (2008) observed that poor background to the rudiment of Business Education practical contributed to the factor influencing students’ enrolment in Business Education department. Hence from the present findings, the background knowledge of students affect their enrolment in Business Education department.

5. Does social value attached to the subject matter of Business Education affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

From table 4.5a and 4.5b above it can be deduced that many students do not choose Business Education as a result of the social value attached to the subject matter of business education. From previous literature review, Ezudu (2008) opines that any society where Business Education is not given adequate attention is n trouble and it will continue to be economically and politically backward. Thus, from the present finding in collaboration with the literature review, it is obvious that many students do not enroll in Business Education department as a result of the social value attached to business education.

5.2 Conclusion

The research is a survey research which deals with the factor responsible for low enrolment of student in Business Education department in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education. Based on data collected and analyzed, it was revealed to the researcher that:

1. Most students do not enroll in Business Education department because of parental influence
2. Peer group has a very great influence on students’ enrolment in Business Education department
3. Students has a negative attitude and perception towards Business Education department
4. Students do not enroll in Business Education department more to its neighboring course like biology and computer because they have poor background knowledge of business education
5. Many students do not enroll in Business Education department because of the poor social value attached to Business Education department.

5.3 Summary

The research is a survey research which deals with the factor responsible for low enrolment of student in Business Education department in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education. The purpose of this study is to find out the various factors that are responsible for low students’ enrolment in Business Education department in Rivers State University and Ignatius Ajuru University of education Nigeria.

Specifically, the study aims at finding out:

1. Whether parental factor influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department
2. Whether peer group influence affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department
3. Whether students perception of the subject matter of Business Education influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department
4. If the background knowledge of student in Business Education affect their enrolment in Business Education department
5. If the social value attached to the subject matter of Business Education affects students’ enrolment in Business Education department

To facilitate the study, the researcher formulated five Research Questions as follows:

1. Do parental factors influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
2. Does peer group influence affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
3. Does students’ perception of the subject matter of Business Education influence students’ enrolment in Business Education department?
4. How does the background knowledge of student in Business Education affect their enrolment in Business Education department?
5. Does social value attached to the subject matter of Business Education affect students’ enrolment in Business Education department?

Data was collected using questionnaire distributed to a total number of ninety (90) students selected using random sampling. Also a total number of twenty five (25) questionnaires were distributed to the lecturers from the department of the institution used. Hundred percent (100%) of the total questionnaire distributed were collected.

The data was analyzed using mean and percentage, were a criterion mean of 2.5 was established and item whose mean value is less than this value was unaccepted and that beyond this was accepted. Also a criterion percentage of 50 were established for analyzing teachers’ responds.

The findings from the analysis has it that:

1. Most students do not enroll in Business Education department because of parental influence
2. Peer group has a very great influence on students’ enrolment in Business Education department
3. Students has a negative attitude and perception towards Business Education department
4. Students do not enroll in Business Education department more to its neighboring course like biology and computer because they have poor background knowledge of business education
5. Many students do not enroll in Business Education department because of the poor social value attached to Business Education department.

5.4 Recommendation

As was discovered from this research work that poor societal value, parental influence, negative perception of students towards business education, peer group influence, background knowledge of the students in Business Education are among the key factors influencing students’ enrolment in Business Education department the researcher therefore recommends that:

1. Parents and guardians should not enforce courses on their wards but rather give them guide lines to actualizing their stated and cherished course goals.
2. Student should understand that Business Education is not a no man’s land as they perceive it to be. For instance, most of our daily activities like cooking, lighting, soap making etc. are all Business Education inclined.
3. School guidance and counselor should be made to organize regular career guidance to students and this in turn will make students know the need or importance of Business Education in their trade, or furthering their education. The counselor could help give motivational talks that can improve the perception of learners towards the study of business education.
4. Government or private administrators have legal responsibility of paying teacher’s salary at the end of every month regularly, for this will eliminate the irregularity to classes as a result of sit-down-strike.
5. Parent and guardians should monitor their little ones interest and ability before enrolling into institution of higher learning.
6. Only qualified teachers should be employed to teach Business Education in secondary school were the foundation of Business Education is laid.
7. Business Education laboratories should be well equipped. This will help the Business Education teachers make their teaching real to students rather than quoting abstract phenomenon.
8. Art education inspector in both state and federal government should pay regular visits to the schools. This will help both the teachers and their students to work harder.
9. Seminars and workshops should be organized occasionally for both Business Education teachers and their students and this will help the teachers upgrade their knowledge of business education.
10. Business Education teachers should give positive reinforcement to students who make efforts in Business Education work. This will make other students put more efforts in learning business education
11. Finally is the introduction, approval, sponsoring and effective engagement on field trip, excursion, and industrial attainment programme in Tertiary institutions will as well promote self skills, self reliance, and self employment after school.
12. Job opportunities in art subject should be created so as to avoid schools or community employing incompetent teachers who will not give the required knowledge to the students.
    Limitation of the study

As a result of time constraint and insufficient finance, the researchers were unable to wider the horizon of the study to incorporate other tertiary institutions over the country.

5.5 Suggestion for Further Studies

Owing to the limitation of time and money, in this study, the researchers are suggesting that this study should be carried out again in subsequent years by other researchers as well as covering more schools. The researchers felt that further work should be done on the following areas:

1. Factors that lead to low enrolment in Business Education department in Nigeria universities.
2. Factors that lead to low enrolment in Business Education department in Nigeria.

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