An Evaluation On Students Perception And Academic Achievement In Chemistry (A Case Study Of Some Selected Secondary School In Dawakin Tofa Local Government Area Of Kano State)

An Evaluation On Students Perception And Academic Achievement In Chemistry (A Case Study Of Some Selected Secondary School In Dawakin Tofa Local Government Area Of Kano State)
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine an evaluation on students perception and academic achievement in chemistry a case study of some selected secondary school in Dawakin Tofa local government area of Kano state. Specifically, the study examine student perception on if lack of qualified teachers to teach is the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry. The study also evaluate students perception on if attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement. The study further find out students perception on the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry. Lastly, investigate students’ levels of perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement. The study employed the survey descriptive research design. A total of 77 responses were validated from the survey. From the responses obtained and analyzed, the findings revealed that lack of qualified teachers to teach the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry. Also, the attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement. Furthermore, there s a relationship between the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry. Lastly, the study the levels of students perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement is high. The study thereby recommend that teachers should build positive relationship with students to enhance learning of chemistry. Also, both teachers and students should be advised to attend chemistry classes regularly. Lastly, the school should provide relevant polices that would ensure the attendance of students in chemistry classes.
Table of Content
- Title Page
- Certification
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Content
- List of Tables
- Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the study
- 1.2 Statement of the problem
- 1.3 Objective of the study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research hypotheses
- 1.6 Significance of the study
- 1.7 Scope of the study
- 1.8 Limitation of the study
- 1.9 Definition of terms
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research Design
- 3.3 Population of the study
- 3.4 Sample size determination
- 3.5 Sample size selection technique and procedure
- 3.6 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.7 Method of data collection
- 3.8 Method of data analysis
- 3.9 Validity of the study
- 3.10 Reliability of the study
- 3.11 Ethical consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Answering Research Questions
- 4.3 Test of Hypotheses
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- References
- Appendix
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Chemistry as a science subject plays a vital role in transforming the environment and improving the general quality of life. It is essentially needed for a nation’s technological development. As a core science subject, the proper teaching and learning of chemistry in secondary schools facilitates student’s enrollment in many professional disciplines like Nursing, Medicine, Pharmacy, Agriculture, Engineering and Geology etc. Hence, there is the need for effective teaching and learning of Chemistry in Nigerian secondary schools. For teaching and learning of Chemistry to be effective, the classroom environment has to be conducive to both teachers and students. Chemistry as an important science subject is taught in many secondary schools in Nigeria as a single subject at senior secondary school level. Yet, in spite of all the benefits derived from Chemistry, students’ performance in Chemistry at the senior secondary school certificate examination in the last few decades is still low. Abrabam(1982), noted poor academic achievement in Science and Chemistry in particular. Ugwu (2004), noted that in 2000 and in 2001, of all the candidates who sat for senior secondary school chemistry examination, more than half of the students performed very poor in Chemistry that they could not use their result in Chemistry for further studies. Also WAEC annual report (2006, 2007 and 2008), noted poor academic achievement in Chemistry which manifested in constant poor grades and repetition of classes. Thus, one tends to question why the general unsatisfactory academic performance in Chemistry among the secondary school students. These poor performances in Chemistry have made some researchers to study the problem with the hope of finding the causes and possible solutions.
According to Ali (1986), science education at all levels is plagued by very many kinds of problems which include, under funding of science education; lack of adequate and appropriate instructional materials; lack of functional equipment; poor method of teaching; inadequate trained science teachers and laboratories that exist in dilapidated buildings. Chemistry as a core science subject is not counted out from the under listed problems. These problems lead to serious educational setbacks which invariably lead to low rate of secondary schools science achievement in Nigeria.
Ukeje (1984), said that geographical location is one of the most important differences between the educational conditions in the urban as against the rural areas. This shows that geographical location influences academic achievement. Onainor and Obiora (2001), maintained that gender is another major factor that influences the performance of students. He also states that boys out performed their female counterparts in the different school subjects. Haertel, Walberg and Haertel (1981), Anderson (1982), and (Fraser 1981a, 1986a) traced the problem of poor academic achievement to psychological, sociological, psychosocial and physical problems. Ukeje (1984), considering what should be the environmental factors affecting the performance of students, identified the factors as malnutrition which causes poor physical growth and mental development, diseases, injury, home background, culture and socio economic status of parents. It is a clear assertion that a students` home background influences his/her behaviour and school performance. This is because some students are from broken home where parents are separated, while others are from home where the marriage is stable and happy, and parents live together happily to see to their children’s educational needs and school work.. Children develop good learning habits and scientific thinking through practical and manipulative approach while at home. This is because of availability of ready materials like Newspapers, Textbook, Maps, Science journal and Toys. In such homes, children devote more time to studies which is not done in broken homes where quarrel are all the time. Educational psychologists recognize that home environment is among the factors that handicap a child in school and in life or may be a source of strong special advantage. Skinner (1963), points out that in order to understand and improve our standard of education, learning is not done only in the school. It is with the co-operation of the home and school environment that learning will be more affective. If one of them fails there will be a gap and the child will suffer.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
The factors affecting academic achievement in science especially in chemistry has continued to be a major concern to educational authorities in Nigeria and other education stake holders. The trend achievement has been more pronounced in rural areas such as Dawakin tofa in Kano State(Rutter,1979). The students perception on academic achievement in chemistry have led to low mean grade for most candidates and thus jeopardize their chances for upward social mobility. At the national level the academic achievement s has led to low uptake of career in science and technology in an effort to reverse the trend, various measures are adopted targeting students, teachers and the overall teaching and learning environment(Schmuck,1992). Despite these measures, the academic achievement in chemistry in Dawakin Tofa Kano State continues with lower mean than the national averages being recorded year after year. The continued poor achievement in chemistry have been perceived by students to be as a result of a number of factors including student’s attitude towards chemistry, students resources for learning, students inter-personal relationship and students regularity to class(Okonkwo,1989). However, it is not clear which of the factors are responsible for the poor achievement of chemistry in Dawakin Tofa local government area of Kano State.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The general objective of the study is an evaluation on students perception and academic achievement in chemistry a case study of some selected secondary school in Dawakin tofa local government area of kano state.
The specific objectives is as follows:
- To examine student perception on if lack of qualified teachers to teach is the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry.
- To evaluate students perception on if attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement.
- To find out students perception on the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry.
- To investigate students’ levels of perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement.
1.4 Research Questions
The following questions have been prepared for this study
- Is lack of qualified teachers to teach the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry?
- Does the attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement?
- Is there a relationship between the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry?
- What is the levels of students perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement?
1.5 Significance of the Study
This study will evaluate students perception and academic achievement in chemistry. Hence will be significant in the following ways:
Ministry of Education:
This study will be of benefit to the ministry of education as they will see the lapses in academic achievement of students in chemistry probably because of lack of qualified teachers, so as to be able to provide a lasting solution to it.
Academia:
This study is significant to the academic community as it will contribute to the existing literature on students academic achievement.
1.6 Scope of the Study
This study will examine student perception on if lack of qualified teachers to teach is the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry. The study will also, evaluate students perception on if attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement. The study will further find out students perception on the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry. Lastly, the study investigate students’ levels of perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement. Hence this study will be limited to Dawakin Tofa local government area of Kano state.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents.
In addition, there was the element of researcher bias. Here, the researcher possessed some biases that may have been reflected in the way the data was collected, the type of people interviewed or sampled, and how the data gathered was interpreted thereafter. The potential for all this to influence the findings and conclusions could not be downplayed.
More so, the findings of this study are limited to the sample population in the study area, hence they may not be suitable for use in comparison to other companies and locations.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary
In this study, our focus was on an evaluation on students perception and academic achievement in chemistry using some selected secondary school in Dawakin Tofa local government area of kano state as a case study. The study specifically was aimed at highlighting student perception on if lack of qualified teachers to teach is the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry, evaluate students perception on if attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement, find out students perception on the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry, and investigate students’ levels of perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement. A total of 77 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are drawn from teachers and students of the selected secondary schools.
5.2 Conclusion
Based on the finding of this study, the following conclusions were made:
- Lack of qualified teachers to teach the reason for poor academic achievement in chemistry
- The attitude of students towards chemistry affect their academic achievement
- There s a relationship between the availability of resources and student academic performance in chemistry
- The levels of students perceptions of their Chemistry classroom environment and how it affect their academic achievement is high.
5.3 Recommendation
Based on the responses obtained, the researcher proffers the following recommendations:
- Teachers should build positive relationship with students to enhance learning of chemistry.
- Both teachers and students should be advised to attend chemistry classes regularly.
- The school should provide relevant polices that would ensure the attendance of students in chemistry classes.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What influences students’ perceptions of difficult chemistry concepts?
The study also revealed that there was a significant influence of gender, school nature and school location on students’ concepts perceived as difficult in the chemistry syllabus of the Nigerian science curriculum.
What do research findings reveal about students’ attitude towards chemistry?
Also research findings revealed of negative attitude of students towards chemistry. It was leavers). Such levels of teachers were dominating in implementing the chemistry curriculum. Really such levels requirements of students pertaining to a given course.
What are the factors that influence student achievement in chemistry?
The study concluded that, out of the 15 factors included in the study, nine had positive correlation yet only prior achievement in Science, home educational resources, Science laboratory resources, computer use and prevalence of bullying could significantly determine the achievement of learners in Chemistry.
What is evaluation in education?
Evaluation is based on assessment of learning that provides evidence of student achievement at strategic times throughout the grade/course, often at the end of a period of learning. All curriculum expectations must be accounted for in instruction and assessment, but evaluation focuses on students’ achievement of the overall expectations.