The Effects Of Employees Participation In Decision Making On Work Performance

Project and Seminar Material for Human Resource Management (HRM)

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance using EMENITE PLC, Lagos state as a case study. he study was carried out to find out the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, determine the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, find out whether employees participation in decision making contributes to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives, and ascertain whether employees participation in decision making enhances organizational performance. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of employees of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 57 respondents and 50 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables. While the hypotheses were tested using Pearson Correlation statistical tool, SPSS v23.The result of the findings reveals that the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state is low. The study also revealed that the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state includes: increases employee’s morale, improves team-play and collaboration, contributes to trust and sense of control, enhances the efficiency and productivity. Therefore, it is recommended that every organization should endeavour to create a clear-cut understanding and notion of the concept of participation decision making to avoid confusion and clashes of interest between the employees and the managers. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

Chapter One:

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Limitation of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
1.10 Organizations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size Determination
3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
3.6 Method of Data Collection
3.7 Method of Data Analysis
3.8 Validity of the Study
3.9 Reliability of the Study
3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Analysis of Data
4.3 Answering Research Questions
4.4 Test of Hypotheses
5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Quality and timely decision making are the bedrock of successful organisations, how an organisation chooses to design its decision-making rules are one of the most fundamental aspects of its internal design. Brickleyet al., (2004) described the assignment of decision rights along with the reward system and the way performance is evaluated, as one of the key aspects of organisation’s architecture or design. A firm’s ability to make good decisions is particularly important in the present dispensation of increasing global competition and rapidly changing environment, as organisations are forced to find ways to be more competitive, flexible, agile and adaptable. In implementing this, human resource experts, policy makers and scholars through well documented research has argue that participatory approach in decision making are essential and a requirement for organisations that cherish perpetual existence amidst the high tides of economic recession rocking the globe.

According to Singh, (2009), organisational success depends on involving the workforce’s entire capacity to generate new ideas and ways of working to outsmart their competitors. Employees must be involved if they are to understand the need for creativity and employees must be involved if they are to be committed to changing their behaviours in work, in new and improved ways. Employee involvement in decision making serves to create a sense of belonging among the workers as well as a congenial environment in which both the management and the workers voluntarily contribute to healthy industrial relations (Noah, 2008). A modern forward-looking business does not keep its employees in the dark about vital decisions affecting them. It trusts them and involves them in decision making at all levels. “Command and control” is no longer an adequate model. A more open and collaborative framework will exploit the talents of all employees (Hewitt, 2002).

To that end, This study seek to investigate the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance.

1.2 Statement of Problem

Employee participation in decision making process indicates that each employee is a different person, not just a component in a mechanism, and every employee is concerned in serving the business to get together its objective(Apostolou, 2000). Employee participation is a procedure to authorize workers to contribute in decision-making behavior suitable to their rank in the association. It can therefore be seen as an umbrella title under which can be found a wide range of practices, potentially serving different interests. Any exploration of ‘employee participation’ has therefore to encompass terms as wide-ranging as industrial democracy, cooperatives, employee share schemes, employee involvement, human resource management (HRM) and high-commitment work practices, collective bargaining, employee empowerment, team working and partnership to capture the full picture of employee participation.

Conversely, bad policy and lopsided decision making seem to be among the major challenges inhibiting the progress of many organizations, which has created many unresolved problems between management and the employees in the organisation, result in chains of industrial actions and faceoff between management and employees. The inabilities of management in developing good policy, knowledge, protocols, and skill that incorporate support and optimal decision design for their organisation is troubling and this seems to be the norm rather than the rule in business organizations in Nigeria which have retrograded and repressed the performance of the institution in recent times. Against this backdrop the researcher deems it imperative to embark on the research to investigate the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance.

1.3 Objectives of the Study

The general aim of this study is to examine the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance using EMENITE PLC, Lagos state as a case study. Specifically, this study will;

Find out the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state.
Determine the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state.
Find out whether employees participation in decision making contributes to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives.
Ascertain whether employees participation in decision making enhances organizational performance.

1.4 Research Question

The study will be guided by the following questions;

What is the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state?
What is the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state?
Does employees participation in decision making contribute to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives?
Does employees participation in decision making enhance organizational performance?

1.5 Research Hypotheses

Ho1: There is no significant relationship between participation in decision making and workplace performance of employees.

Ho2: There is no significant relationship between employees participation in decision making and organization performance.

1.6 Significance of the Study

In all aspect, this research work will be relevant to the managers and employees of EMENITE PLC. It will also be beneficial to other organizations in Nigeria. Also, it will be of vital importance to government, academically potential and future researcher on the issue of employee participation in managerial decision making. This empirical is also germane to the researcher since it is a partial requirement for the award of higher national diploma in public administration and management.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This study is structured to generally examine the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance using EMENITE PLC, Lagos state. However, the study will further find out the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, determine the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, find out whether employees participation in decision making contributes to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives, and ascertain whether employees participation in decision making enhances organizational performance The respondents for this study will be obtained from employees of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

Like in every human endeavour, the researcher encountered slight constraints while carrying out the study. Insufficient funds tend to impede the efficiency of the researcher in sourcing for the relevant materials, literature, or information and in the process of data collection, which is why the researcher resorted to a limited choice of sample size. More so, the researcher simultaneously engaged in this study with other academic work. As a result, the amount of time spent on research will be reduced.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Decision Making:

The selection from among alternative a course of action.

Employees Participation:

This is creating an environment in which people have an impact on decisions and actions that affect their jobs in the organization.

Management:

Management can be defined as an art of science of achieving the objective of a business in the most efficient way. It is made up of top and middle level management.

Top management include: share holders, Board of Director, Managing Directors or the Chief Executive/General Manager above department level. middle level managers include: level of department manager, deputy and assistant managers.

Productivity:

A measure of how well resources are brought together in organization and utilized for accomplishing a set of result.

1.10 Organization of the Study

This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows. Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study. Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature. Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study. Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding. Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance using EMENITE PLC, Lagos state as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was on the effects of employees participation in decision making on work performance using EMENITE PLC, Lagos state as a case study.The study is was specifically carried out to find out the extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, determine the effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state, find out whether employees participation in decision making contributes to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives, ascertain whether employees participation in decision making enhances organizational performance.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 50 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were employees of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state.

5.3 Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;

The extent employees are involved in the decision making process of EMENITE PLC, Lagos state is low.
The effect of participation in decision making on the work performance of employees in EMENITE PLC, Lagos state includes: increases employee’s morale, improves team-play and collaboration, contributes to trust and sense of control, enhances the efficiency and productivity.
Employees participation in decision making contributes to the achievement of organizational corporate objectives.
Employees participation in decision making enhances organizational performance.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

Managers should put more effort in encouraging their employees to come up with suggestions and useful decisions and endeavour to incorporate them into the organization’s decisions and policy.
Managers should increase the frequency and level of worker participation in decision making considering the fact that they are the people carrying out the main operative work as they are in the better position to know what goes on those areas.
Every organization should endeavour to create a clear-cut understanding and notion of the concept of participation decision making to avoid confusion and clashes of interest between the employees and the managers.

Project Material Download