The Effect Of Play Method On The School Enrollment Among Pre Primary School Children In Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State

The Effect Of Play Method On The School Enrollment Among Pre Primary School Children In Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State

Abstract

This study will investigate on the effect of play method on the school enrolment among pre-primary school children in BIRNIN Kebbi, Kebbi State. These schools are both private and government oriented. The instruments and methods of collecting data are questionnaires and interview check lists: A total of 117 participants are involved in the study. Qualitative approach is the approach that will be used in the study. The major objective of the study is to establish, the extent to which play method influence School enrolment of students. It will further investigate to determine the importance of play method to pupils. In order to improve students’ academic performance in schools, the will recommend guidance and counselling services at schools for purpose of building self-confidence. It might help students to cope up with the challenges that are found to be affecting their performance. Additionally, the ministry of education and sports should provide adequate training to teachers on guidance and counselling for them to modify play methods to be more beneficial to the pupils.

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background to the Study

Nigeria is a primarily rural, agrarian, neo-colonial society consisting of numerous ethnic and racial groups, with over fifty distinctive language groups and diverse religious communities. Until recently, childcare and early socialization of preschool- age children were governed by “powerful family, community structures and traditions” (wood head, 1996). Although these indigenous, pre-colonial traditional remained deeply entrenched in the values of many Nigerian families, few communities have been un affected by the rapid social, economic, and cultural changes brought on by urbanization, dislocation, globalization, austerity measures associated with structural adjustments, increasing poverty, on the impact of HIV/AIDS (swadener, kabiru, and njenga 2000).

The demand for early childhood development ECD services has increased considerably in Nigeria as a result of changing family structures and lifestyles. The number of extended families continues to decrease, and more parents are working outside the home. Many households are headed by women I (Adams and Mburugu, 1994). These rural households, as well as those on agricultural plantations and in some urban areas, have the greatest need for alternative child care. Mothers are away from home of the clay, often having no choice but to leave their children without adequate care (Njenga and Kabiru, 2001). The sad part is that these trends denied children then chance to involve in play method.

Play method is essential to development because it contributes to the cognitive, physical, social and emotional well-being of children and youth. Play is so important to optimal child development that is has been recognized by the united nations high commission for human rights as a right of every child. (UNCHR)

However this birth right is challenged by forces including child labor and exploitation practices, war and neighborhood violence, and the limited resources available to children living in poverty. However, even those children who are fortunate enough to have abundant available resources and who live in relative peace may not be receiving the full benefits of play. Lareau A. (2003).

Many of these children are being raised in an increasingly hurried and pressured style that may limit the protective benefits they would gain from child play.( UNCHR2006) Because every child deserves the opportunity to develop to their unique potential, child advocates must consider all factors that interfere with optimal development and press for circumstances that allow each child to fully reap the advantages associated with play.

Preschool curricula in Nigeria have become increasingly skills — based and academic, in order to prepare children for the high- stakes standards one. Because of this the children are stressed and therefore they are not given a chance to discover for themselves new experiences through play. It is upon this background that the researcher has picked interest in the study that is play method in early childhood school enrolment.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The research problem is to measure whether or not play-based method affect school enrollment. The reading curriculum that the district has adopted is not developmentally appropriate, or engaging for the kindergarten students. Much of the curriculum involves skill and drill worksheets, and letter of the week activities, both practices that I found in my experience teaching kindergarten to be ineffective Michael W. Casby (1997). It is also missing the phonemic awareness and phonics instruction piece. It is important for kindergarten students to develop a strong foundation of literacy skills in order to become successful. Of equal importance is ensuring that the students are engaging in developmentally appropriate activities while building these skills.

Although play has been a well-established component in the curriculum of early childhood education, there are still no realistic emphasis put forth by teachers on physical education participation(Fisher EP). This fact has led to the corresponding decline of enrolment as parents watch out for it as pointers. The study was therefore established to investigate the effect of play method on the school enrollment among pre primary school children in birnin kebbi, kebbi state.

1.3 Research Questions

1. Is play method included in the curriculum of schools in Birnin Kebbi?
2. Does play method affects school enrollment?
3. Why is play method important to preprimary school pupils?

1.4 Purpose of the Study

The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of play method on the school enrolment among pre-primary school children in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi State.

1.5 Significance of the Study

This study is significant because it may add to both theoretical and practical knowledge to the available literature on the assessment of play method on students’ Enrollment. Theoretically this study may contribute to fill the research gap in the area of assessing of play method on students’ Enrollment. That is the findings of the study may serve as an inspiration and reference for further research in the area of school feeding. The study may have also practical contribution that is it may give relevant information concerning on the area. The result may also provide information to the Nigerian policy makers so that appropriate measures may be taken to enhance play methods and its role for the academic performance of students.

1.6 Scope and Delimitation of Study

The study was carried out in Nigeria and to narrow it down in pre primary schools in Birnin Kebbi, Kebbi state which is taken as the case study.

1.7 Definition of Terms

Enrolment:

Access to schooling in a population can be measured as school enrolment, which is simply a count of the number of children who have registered with all schools in a nation.

Play Method:

The play method provides maximum interaction and correspondence with others in the classroom and helps children to master vocabulary through fun and enjoyment. The play method provides room for children to use their creativity and develop their imagination.

1.8 Organization of the Study

This study is organized into five chapters. Chapter one included the background of the study, research problem, research objectives and questions as well as limitation of the study. Chapter two contains the literature review. Chapter three includes the methodology and study area. Chapter Four contains the results and discussion of key findings of the study. Chapter Five finally looks at the summary, conclusions, and recommendations based on the findings.

Chapter Five

Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Conclusion

Respondents were asked to answer questions on the relationship between play method and curriculum. 60% of the respondents said that play method was important to curriculum and 48% also said that children who have had a chance to play excel in academics therefore necessary in the curriculum. This is supported by Vukelich (1994) that kindergarten children’s ability to read print embedded in the environment is increased through play.

Respondents were asked the relationship between play method and enrolment. 52% of the respondents agreed that parents prefer schools with good paly methods than others.; they found that play methods are a factor of choice among parents seeking to enroll their wards in pre-primary school in Birnin Kebbi.

The respondents were asked the importance of play method 60% of the respondents agreed that through play method, children learn how to be confident, improve on academic and exams as well as love their school environment thereby making want to always be on school. According to Pellegrini AD, Boyd B. (1993) by interacting with others children are learning to express themselves with many people. For example in pretend play they all take up roles and pretend to be the other person.

5.2 Recommendations

Looking at the findings of the study, the following recommendations are made;

Government should make sure early childhood centers have enough and strong play method materials before they are licensed.

Activities suitable for both boys and girls should be developed so that at least all the pupils of all gender are able to play freely.

The government should develop a curriculum which makes play a lifelong career and should be implemented in the early age. . Competent teachers should be trained who are committed to handle play method activities. Pupils with high aesthetic skills should be rewarded in diverse play areas.

5.3 Suggestion for Further Studies

The researcher appeals to her researcher to go deep into the study of the effects of play method on enrolment. Few researchers shave ventured on the topic.

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