The Effect Of Business Environment On The Productivity Of Business Organization (A Case Study Of Nigeria Ports Authority PH)
The Effect Of Business Environment On The Productivity Of Business Organization (A Case Study Of Nigeria Ports Authority PH)
Abstract
This research project was conducted for the effect of Business environment on the productivity of business organization in Nigeria ports Authority Port Harcourt Rivers state. The aim of this research work is to know assess and evaluate business environment in order to meet the goals and objectives of the organization.
In this research, the researcher makes use of related literature, questionnaire and interview in the collection of data. Analysis was done using the percentage method. Finally, it was recommended that the management of the company could perform effectively by having a good and clear understanding of the environmental variables.
Table Of Contents
Preliminary Page(s)
- Title page
- Approval page
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Abstract
- Table of contents
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the study
- 1.2 Statement of the problems
- 1.3 Objectives of the study
- 1.4 Research questions
- 1.5 Significance of the study
- 1.6 Scope of the study
- 1.7 Limitation of the study
- 1.8 Definition of terms
Chapter Two
Literature Review
- 2.0 Introduction
- 2.1 Conceptual framework
- 2.2 Types of business environment
- 2.3 The effects of business environment on productivity
- 2.4 Summary of the chapter
Chapter Three
3.0 Research design and methods used
- 3.1 Introduction
- 3.2 Research design and method used
- 3.3 Sources/Methods of data collection
- 3.4 Population and sample size
- 3.5 Sample techniques
- 3.6 Validity and reliability of measuring instrument
- 3.7 Method of date analysis
Chapter Four
4.0 Presentation and analysis of data
- 4.1 Introduction
- 4.2 Presentation of data
- 4.3 Analysis of data
- 4.4 Interpretation of data
Chapter Five
5.0 Summary, conclusion and recommendation
- 5.1 Introduction
- 5.2 Summary of findings
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendations
- Bibliography
- Appendix.
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background Of The Study
Business organization is described as a formal system of co-ordination activities of a group of people working co-operatively towards a common goal, under authority and leadership.
Meanwhile, no business venture is done in isolation of the prospective investor and customers. Here a business outfit does not command patronages, is not fit to function well. This is why is important to state all business must be co-operate with the environment to avoid business blunders. There are certain key elements or factors that are often considered in the over or total business environment there include among others.
- Socio-cultural environment
- Technical forces
- Market competitive forces.
- Political legal forces
All these have been classified under task core and general environment.
Furthermore, business operations are carried out within an environment that is besieged by a number of problems and constraints. Business exists in an ever changing world where or interacts with and respond to many environmental forces.
Location of any business venture or organization has certain characteristics that must be associated with it before it can take off and flourish else its motive will be defeated. Business administrators must carryout feasibility studies before establishing any such an outfit in any given moment and place.
Moreover, there are certain key factors a business administrator must consider, which involves the environment, the location prospective users of the products, accessibility, access roads, and finance. Managers of any such business venture must be very verse in all aspects of management. He must be customer friendly, must exercise a sound academic and professional knowledge of the organizational requirements. The beneficiaries must have cause to invest in the establishment.
The quality of the working personal will be satisfactory encourage quality output. The input-output ration must be missing. The relationship between management and staff must be very cordial so as to attract investors. The relationship between the organization and its neighbors should be encouraging to ensure inter-managerial exchange of resource including sound and professional ideas and manpower technical manpower contributions.
The environment must be devoid of rancor and acrimony so as to attract potential investors and manager of sound managerial and professional acumen. The organizations disposition towards the welfare of its staff must be very dynamic and encouraging to ensure greater productivity and staff satisfaction.
The elastic beauty of the entire environment must be worthy of emulation. Any good administrator must consider recreational facilities vital to the growth of his organization as this will limit the activities of his personnel to the organization area of jurisdiction with unnecessary man-hour losses on frivolities. Any dynamic and promising establishment will be a long term planning rather than short term that is short lived. There will be room for continuity for the growth and development of the organization.
The behavior/activities of the managers should be exemplary since their behavior influence their staff. The general staff disposition and the general administrative demeanor speak volume of the tone of the organization.
These various factors influence the life of the organization. The growth and development on the quality of the personnel. The managers must be transparently honest, margin attracts or dispels customers.
Historical Background Of Nigeria Ports Authority PH (NPA)
The history of sea port development or port operations and development in Nigeria began in the middle of the 19th century; effort towards the provision of facilities for ocean going vessels started in the early 1900 with the construction of the Lagos breakwater (east and west moles) capital dredging activities aimed at opening up the Lagos lagoon commenced in 1906.
A year later, precisely 1914, the Lagos harbour was opened to shipping traffic twenty one years later (1948), capacities were expanded through the building of additional quay walls of port operations and management remained under the control of different government departments during this era (pre 1954) Cargo handling at the terminals was the prerogative of Nigeria Railways while the marine Department took charge of vessel movement in the channel up to the quays. Maintenance of the quay wall was the responsibility of the public works department.
Two months later the customers wharf on Lagos Island were opened and not long after Apapa and Port-Harcourt were added to the network of ports.
The organization made remarkable progress and in line with governments efforts to improve the services and revenue yielding potentials of the organization, the activities of Nigerian Ports were commercialized in 1992 under the name, “Nigeria Ports Plc”. However, considering the facts that the company is still wholly owned by the government, it reverted to its former name, NIGERIAN PORTS AUTHORITY in October 1996.
This reversion is however, not in conflict with commercialization efforts and the commitment to improved services.
Nigerians ports Authority today operates under the supervision of the Federal ministry of Transport with the responsibility of providing specific ports and harbour services for the country’s maritime industry.
1.2 Statement Of The Problem
One can rightly observe that business operations and organization are mostly carried out within an environment that is besieged by a number of problems and constraints. According to Ezekwe (1999) most countries irrespective of their primitive or modern structure degree and extent of civilization, social and economic advancement educational attainment, the socio-economic status of their people and their business organization and orientation appear not to be the same. There difference in national outlook and individual differences/capacities. There are also diverse natural gifts to the people. Therefore, the environmental factors that could influence any business organization are varied but the restrictive guideline governing the system becomes the major constraint militating against such business venture and the proliferation of business without due environmental consideration.
The dynamic society demands organized and articulated programmes that will determines the degree of acceptability and patronage in a changing business world. Considerations must be given to types of business located in an environment to ensure adequate coverage and protection as these encourage productivity.
However, the organization must choose appropriate technology relevant to their business operation and also react or adapt to the demands of the environment where they are located so the choice of technology and environment will determine the organizational structure which an organization will use to achieve its overall goals. This is because environment and technology determine the three flows of activities in business organization namely input through (technology) and output of activities.
1.3 Objectives Of The Study
- The objective of this study is to identify the effects of business environment on the productivity of business organization.
- To determine the level of competition so as to know whether environment is favorable or unfavorable.
- To find out if the company has a good relationship with customers and what effect has on business.
1.4 Research Questions
The study suggests that strong performance requires more than an appropriate match of strategy to environment. In other words environmental analysis and diagnosis need to be done by the strategist to determine the magnitude and direction of opportunities and threats in order to respond appropriate.
In view of this research work shall attempt to address the following central issues.
- What are the strength and weakness of the organization?
- What is the impact of the environment on business organization?
- Does the company have adequate supply of its factors of production? Go these factors give the company any competitive advantage over the companies?
- How can business exploit the opportunities in the environment?
- How does the company respond to the changes in the environment?
- Does the organization engage in market research? Has this contributes to the ability generate new product and new approaches to doing business?
1.5 Significance Of The Study
The purpose of this work has greatly been outplayed. This work greatly shows that the micro and macro economic situation in the world have necessitated the need to explore the influence of business environment on the productivity of business organization.
Consequently upon this also is the proliferation of business without adequate feasibility studies which will guarantee uninitiated production and liquidity ratio and capital. This study will be beneficial to business organization as it gives numerous reasons why feasibility studies should be conducted in order to establish the organization to be sited to ensure maximum productivity in a competitive market.
Finally, students and potential investors for knowledge acquirement also equipped good future business administrations in any party of the world and for wise investment decisions.
1.6 Scope Of The Study
This research work on the influence of business environment on the productivity of business organization will be centered on Nigeria ports Authority Port-Harcourt Rivers State.
1.7 Limitation Of The Study
Problems and prospects, the major focus in both small and medium scale business organization in order to determine their various degrees of environmental influence on productivity/performance also investigate their competitive analysis of scale.
In depth analysis of this research will be affected by some factors such as finance incorporating attitude of managers to be visited by the researcher in discussing vital issues associated with location of business venture and environmental influence militating against productivity in our changing business world.
1.8 Definition Of Terms
Organization:
This is a deliberate association of two or more individuals working co-operational towards a common objective under authority and leadership.
Business Organization:
These are organization primarily oriented towards economic production.
Productivity:
A measure of how well resources are bought together in organization and optimally utilized for accomplishing a set of results.
Management:
This is the process of directing, coordinating and influencing the operations of organization so as to obtain desired results and enhance performance.
Technology:
The science of technical process in a wide, through related field of knowledge. This industrial technology embraces the chemical, mechanical and physical science as these are applied in industrial processes.
Decision Making:
This is a series of steps that starts with an identification of problem to be solved, an analysis of information animated in selecting from several alternatives to solve the problem under consideration. It can simply be said to mean a deliberated adoption of means to ends
Effectiveness:
The extent to which an organization as a social system, gives certain resources and means, fulfils its objective without incapacitating it means and resources and without placing undue strain upon it members.
Business Environment:
This is a complex and interacting elements or forces which are external to the firms but are currently or potentially of significant consequences to the future performance of the business enterprise.
Historical Background Of Nigeria Ports Authority PH (NPA)
The history of sea port development or port operations and development in Nigeria began in the middle of the 19th century; effort towards the provision of facilities for ocean going vessels started in the early 1900 with the construction of the Lagos breakwater (east and west moles) capital dredging activities aimed at opening up the Lagos lagoon commenced in 1906.
A year later, precisely 1914, the Lagos harbour was opened to shipping traffic twenty one years later (1948), capacities were expanded through the building of additional quay walls of port operations and management remained under the control of different government departments during this era (pre 1954) Cargo handling at the terminals was the prerogative of Nigeria Railways while the marine Department took charge of vessel movement in the channel up to the quays. Maintenance of the quay wall was the responsibility of the public works department.
Two months later the customers wharf on Lagos Island were opened and not long after Apapa and Port-Harcourt were added to the network of ports.
The organization made remarkable progress and in line with governments efforts to improve the services and revenue yielding potentials of the organization, the activities of Nigerian Ports were commercialized in 1992 under the name, “Nigeria Ports Plc”. However, considering the facts that the company is still wholly owned by the government, it reverted to its former name, NIGERIAN PORTS AUTHORITY in October 1996.
This reversion is however, not in conflict with commercialization efforts and the commitment to improved services.
Nigerians ports Authority today operates under the supervision of the Federal ministry of Transport with the responsibility of providing specific ports and harbour services for the country’s maritime industry.
Chapter Five
5.0 Summary, Conclusion And Recommendation
5.1 Introduction
This chapter deals with the summary, conclusion and recommendation and draws a conclusion of this research work. The purpose was to find out the effect of business environment on the productivity of business organization using Nigeria Port Authority Port-Harcourt as a case study.
5.2 Summary Of Finding
The findings of this project were based on the analysis of data collected from the different questionnaire administered to managers and others in the company.
Also oral interview and personal observation were conducted with some of the company staff. The researcher discovered that control and management of business environment structure, design of organizational domain would enhance efficiency, productivity and total output in business organization. It was also discovered by the researcher that investment friendly, employment opportunities improves economy and good standard of living situation will be the future experience in Nigeria economy as these articulated programmes are used in our business organizations.
Furthermore, poor management, high cost of maintaining staff and training, uncertainties associated with suppliers and consumers, ineffective communication network and lack of expert personnel wee also identifies as some problems facing the control and management of influence of business environment in Nigeria business organization.
5.3 Conclusion
An organization is environmentally oriented if it has integrated control and issues into its overall strategy. Control and manage environmental influence in an appropriate way. To meet this requirement, it is necessary to integrate environment into the goal structure of the organization using different set of goals, it is reasonable to assume that most important objectives/vision of an organization is survival.
That is strengthening its resources and capabilities to meet the requirement of changing business and gain competitive edge.
5.3 Recommendation
Based on the project report finding on the effect of business environment on productivity of business organization.
The researcher here by makes the following recommendations.
- Proper feasibility studies cab be carried out before proliferation of any business organization.
- Management is advised to employ financial forecasting in predicting financial needs and effects of new policies and there by reduce strategic emergency decision which effects productivity.
- Employ expert personnel in different departments.
- State out appropriate domain which will help it now its defenders.
- The management should negotiate with its task environment in order to achieve domain consensus.
- Development competition power, co-operative power and defensive power to manage its relationship with its environment hence the extent of productivity and survival depends on how it manipulates its power dependences.
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Frequently Asked Questions
What is the impact of the working environment on productivity?
Working environment have more impact than the physical components of working environment and in the. environment where level of interaction is high, supports creativity and transfer of transactional knowledge. Sehgal (1995) found that office design play vital role in increasing employees’ productivity level.
Why is productivity important in the workplace?
Most people in business are well aware of the multitude of business benefits to be gained from having more productive employees as well as from more efficient production lines. Productivity benefits are obvious and widely felt when implemented in a business environment.
What is the impact of work environment on employees stress?
Work place level also impacts on employees stress as. according to Vischer (2006) that a good working environment will lead to better fit between work space and. employees and results in improving behavior and stress related emotions.
What is the internal environment of an organization?
Internal – All aspects which, individually or collectively, impact on employee productivity constitute the internal environment of an organization. The most important component of internal environment, therefore, is the ‘workforce’. Each employee in the workforce has to be conditioned by the organization culture.
What makes a productive work environment?
There are three basic components which come together to create a productive work environment. The first is the physical workspace itself, office layout, lighting, and temperature. The second is workplace ambiance.
How can the level of productivity of employees be increased?
The level of productivity can be increased through developing a conducive. working environment in the organization. The basic objective of this study is to measure the impact of working. environment on productivity of employees.
What is the impact of work environment on employees stress?
Work place level also impacts on employees stress as. according to Vischer (2006) that a good working environment will lead to better fit between work space and. employees and results in improving behavior and stress related emotions.
What is meant by a working environment?
A working environment is the environment where people work together for. achieving organization objectives. It means systems, processes, structures and tools and all those things which. interact with employees and affect in positive or negative ways on employees performance.
What are benefits of increased productivity?
Benefits of Increasing Productivity for an Organization! 1. Benefits to the Enterprise: (i) Higher productivity shall ensure the stability of unit. (ii) More profits. ADVERTISEMENTS: (iii) Higher productivity shall provide higher volume of production hence larger sales volume. This will result in expansion of the concern in wider market.
What are the benefits of being productive?
The powerful speaker allows all members in the room to hear remote participant commentary much more easily. Since the OVRCC started using the Yamaha products, meeting efficiency has dramatically increased, and the membership has appreciated being able to hear and be heard.
What are the effects of stress in the workplace?
“We found that those who had a higher overall level of stress also had a higher epigenetic age.” In other words? The stress was cutting their lifespans short, regardless of other health-affecting factors like smoking, body mass index, race, and income.
What is the external environment of organization?
The external environment normally refers to outside forces that may influence an organization. Two factors make up the external environment: task and general. The task environment typically consists of external groups that may have an influence on daily operations of an organization.
