Design And Implementation Of An Online Prison Management System

Project and Seminar Material for Computer Science and Computer Engineering

Abstract

Prisoners’ management in Nigeria has long been a neglected area and has only recently been included in the 20-20 vision document under the e-governance. Currently, prisoner’s records are maintained in a very rudimentary way in the form of manual files and registers. This method of data management often results in human error, delay to retrieve information etc. Thus, An Online Prison Management System was designed and implemented to manage prisoner’s records for the Nigerian prison service Enugu command. This project was done using basic html for visible web contents, php for server scripting and MySQL database was used to store and manage the prisoner’s records. Tools used to achieve this Project includes Dreamweaver CS5 html editor,CSS3 for styling, JavaScript, php wamp5 server and MySQL. The project was implemented successfully and the result obtained provides a single management system which integrates all the information about a prisoner in a single profile and can easily be accessed which improved the overall efficiency of prison management.

Table of Content

Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of Content
List of Figures
List of Tables

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Significance of the Study
1.5 Scope of the Study
1.6 Limitations of the Study
1.7 Project Report Organization
1.8 Definition of Terms

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature Review

2.1 Database Management System
2.2 Management Information System (MIS)
2.3 Review of Prison Management System

Chapter Three

3.0 System Analysis

3.1 General Analysis of the Existing System
3.2 Method of Data Collection
3.3 Limitations of Existing System
3.4 Proposed System
3.5 Advantages of Proposed System
3.6 Input Analysis

Chapter Four

4.0 System Design and Implementation

4.1 Objective of Design
4.2 Input Specification and Design
4.3 Output Specification and Design
4.4 Main Menu Design
4.5 Database File Design
4.6 Program Modules Specification
4.7 System Flowcharts
4.8 Program Flowchart
4.9 Choice of Programming Language
4.10 System Requirement

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendations
References
Appendix A (Source Code

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Management of prisons in Nigeria has long been a neglected area which has recently been incorporated in the e-governance program of Government of Nigeria. Currently a rudimentary process of storing all the prisoner data in manual files and registers is in place. The Prison Management System project will integrate all the prisoner data into a single integrated system which will in turn result all the information being present in a digital format.
ICT in prisons was initiated in the year 2002 at Delhi Prisons, Tihar. The Tihar Prisons Complex in New Delhi is the biggest prison complex in Asia comprising of 9 prisons and one District Jail at Rohini with a total strength of more than 11,000 prisoners against a normal sanctioned capacity of 6250 prisoners. In a year about 70,000 – 80,000 inmates remain lodged in these prisons for different duration and crimes committed by them. This prison population has about 80% under trials and includes about 480 women inmates. About 400 inmates are foreigners from different parts of the world. Many high security criminals also live here. There has been a substantial increase in number of prison inmates coming to Tihar because of a phenomenal increase in the crime scene at Delhi that has resulted in the increase of the ICT needs and its management at the Tihar Jail Complex.

Nearly 1700-1800 visitors meet their relative inmates’ everyday. There was manual system of booking (meetings) in each jail for its respective inmates. Centralised visitor record was not available. There was lack of exchange of visitors’ information within jails and prison headquarters. No provision for identification / detection / verification of visitors was there.

Managing the prisoner record and monitoring of prisoner / visitor was always difficult since most of the records were normally maintained manually, so the concerned authorities were required to go through all the registers to find out the details and status of the inmate as well as of the visitor.

In order to cope up with the increasing number of prisoners being lodged in, the Tihar Administration required a re-engineering and rationalization of their key business processes and functions of prisoners’ related information and their computerization in order to speed up the processing of information need of courts and various other national agencies.

As the technology evolution is taking place, there arose a need for centralization of prisoner’s data to facilitate information exchange and data sharing to the users of the prison. It shall reduce administrative overheads, speed up responsiveness to users, reduce risks involved in inmate’s custody, eliminated obsolete processes and reap cost-cutting benefits.

1.2 Statement of Problem

Management of prison’s in Nigeria is still at a nascent stage and follows rudimentary processes. Most of the prisons in Nigeria have a collection of manual files and registers to store prisoner/criminal records. This is a very inefficient and cumbersome way of storing records which greatly impedes the flow of critical information as well as makes looking up of information time consuming. Also, different files and registers are required to store the information which is relevant to a single prisoner. This hinders the profiling process of prisoners.

1.3 Objective of the Project

The main purpose behind the implementation of the Prison Management System (PMS) was to enhance the administrative capabilities of the jails in terms of monitoring and security of the prison while improving the efficiency and productivity of the Prisons. The main goals of the project are enunciated below:

To ensure proper monitoring of the prisons by the top officials
To ensure that the discipline and decorum of the jails is maintained by both the employees and the prisoners
To ensure that no impersonation of the prisoners happens by proper validation and authentication of the prisoner’s identity
To improve the productivity and efficiency of the prisons so as to facilitate the usage of the available work force for sensitive work while leveraging technology to reduce the mundane workload of the employees
To ensure the availability of data in digital form for preservation, analysis and reporting.

1.4 Significance of the Project

The nature of project is such that outcome of project could be quantitatively measured only for few parameters such as

Automatic detection of duplication
Immediate generation of report on categorization of prisoners on basis of their cases, period of confinement etc.
Automatic calculation of Remission to be granted to a convict prisoner for good behavior, discipline etc.
Reduction in the cost (Saving of resources) of physical production of prisoners in Courts.

1.5 Scope of the Project

The basic purpose of this project is to develop an online system for prison management. The system developed covers prisoner’s information such as picture, conviction, offence, visitors, address, jail term record etc.

1.6 Limitations of the Project

Generally, a study of this nature would have some constraints such as time, money and data collection method. I wish to say that data collection method used has the limitation of rigidity (people finding it difficult to respond to questions) thereby restricting the information obtained.

Also lack of finance is another obstacle that hindered a wider consultations and research on the project. Some materials may have some cost implications which may be above the budgeted money for the research work.

1.7 Project Report Organization

The project is organized as follows;-

Chapter one introduces the background of the project with the statement of the problems, objectives of the project, its significance, scope, and constraints are pointed out. Previous literatures on prison management information system were reviewed in Chapter two. Chapter three discusses system Investigation and Analysis. It deals with detailed investigation and analysis of the existing system and problem identification. It also proposed for the new system. Chapter four covers the system design and implementation. Chapter five was the summary and conclusion of the project.

1.8 Definition of Terms

Data

This can be defined as facts about the organization and its business transaction.
Information

This can be defined as data that has been transformed and organized by processing and purposeful intelligence.

Information system

This is an arrangement of people, data, processes and interface that interact to support and improve day to day operation in a business as well as support the problem solving and decision making needs for management and users.

Management

It is the co-ordination of all the resources of an organization through the process of planning, organization, directing and controlling in order to attain organizational objectives.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

5.1 Summary

It has now become essential to embrace the new technologies in the area of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for the development , modernization, advancement of prisons. Internetworking of all the jails across Nigeria for sharing of information related to prison inmates who had been lodged in various jails of the country should improve the law and order within the state.

It is recommended that Enugu State Prisons be pioneer in this area and they have shown it through their IT setup, a role model for other states and even other countries. It is likely that this may be replicated in the whole country.

5.2 Conclusion

Management of prisons as well as prison records is a vital aspect in the national security which becomes all the more important in the current volatile security situation. Prison management in Nigeria is still in a nascent stage using manual system of files and folders to store and organize prison record. This system is inefficient as well as looking up of specific information is cumbersome and tedious. This greatly impedes the flow of

critical information. All these deficiencies are removed using the online Prison Management System. PMS effectively stores all the information in neat prison profiles which have all the necessary information about a prisoner as well as his/her finger print signature attached with the profile. ID numbers can be used as a search key to identify prison records by comparing them with external database that are found at crime scene. All these improvements greatly reduce the time at which specific information is delivered to concerned agencies.

5.3 Recommendations

Currently the Prison Management System can only be deployed for a single prison. But the system has the scope to be developed as a distributed application where each implementation of PMS in different prisons can be connected and communicate with each other. In such a scenario a person sitting in Enugu prison can access the data of Abuja central jail. This will make the whole system highly centralized as well as well connected. This will provide the end user who has the necessary security clearance a single portal where he/she can access prison records from all major prisons in Nigeria where the PMS would be deployed thus making it a truly practical deployable application which can be used in prisons all over Nigeria.