Child Abuse And It’s Effects In Our Society At Large

Project and Seminar Material for Sociology

Abstract

This project work was embarked upon to review the effect of child abuse in our society at large and to proffer possible solutions to the problem. The review revealed different forms of child abuse melted out on children in Edo State by parents, teachers and guidance. Some of the abuse and consequences were attributed to poverty, ignorance and inadequacies in protection of children while others are seen as deliberate. The population of the study comprises of children in Edo State. A total of 100 questionnaires were used for data collection and the analyses were presented in table one to twenty and the total scores were used to analyze the data. It was revealed that children of school age are thrown out of school because of inability of their parents to train them. Base on the researchers findings, some recommendations were made.

Table of Content

Title page
Certification page
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Abstract
Table of content

Chapter One

Introduction

Background of the study
Statement of Problem
Purpose of the study
Significance of the study
Limitation of the study
Scope of the study
Research questions
Definition of Terms

Chapter Two

Literature Review

Chapter Three

Research Methodology

Chapter Four

Data Analysis and Interpretation

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

Summary
Conclusion
Recommendation
References
Questionnaire

Chapter One

Introduction

Background of the Study

Child abuse is also called cruelty to children; the willful infliction of pain and suffering on children through physical, sexual or emotional mistreatment. Prior to the term, child abuse normally referred to only physical mistreatment but since then, its application has expanded to include, in addition to inordinate physical violence, unjustifiable verbal abuse, the failure to furnish proper shelter,, nourishment, medical treatment or emotional support.

Child abuse can also be seen as the crime of harming a child in a physical, sexual or emotional way. Child abuse is also any illness, impairment or abnormal condition that affects primarily infants and children e.g. those in the age span that begins with the fetus and extends through adolescence.

Although, for the most part, the diseases of childhood are similar to those of the adult, there are several important differences for example certain specific disorders such as precocious puberty are unique to children. Others such as inflammation of the kidney are common in children and infrequent in adults. At the same time, some diseases that are common in adults are infrequent to children. These include essential hypertension (high blood pressure).

Education is an instrument of social, mental and economic development through which right values and attitude for proper development are inculcated. Child abuse and its consequences which is the unjust treatment given to a child, disturb this development process.

It is a practice whereby children are battered, deprived of some basic needs in the home and at school. The saying that the child is the father of the man recognizes the fact that the quality of today’s child will determine the quality of tomorrow’s man.

Truly, the present economic hardship in the country is a fascination of child abuse. In this condition, education of the child becomes the victim of economic down turn of the nation. For those that attend school, many are hawking and pushing wheel-barrow, car wash as part time job to raise the school fees. While others feeds ad cloth the family through the venture. As a result of this abusing condition, the cumulative influence of these activities may have poor academic performance as its consequences. The offshoot of this child abuse and the consequences is examination malpractice to make for academic deficiencies resulting from failure to attend school regularly and devotion to class activities. Thus, a child generally is a boy or a girl of any age between infancy and adolescence. But for the convince of law, a definite age bracket is ascribed to a child. According to Eigbe (2006), a child in the southern states in Nigeria is a person between the age of 0 – 14 years and in northern states between 0 – 12 years.

Child abuse is a type of physical or mental injury or maltreatment of a person who is regarded as a child. The definition of child abuse has been expanded considerably to include more than just the beaten and sexually abuse child. It extends to any condition injurious to child’s physical or emotional health that has been inflicted by parents, guidance or other caretakers and school mates. The situation should be that of intentional infliction of injuries other than accidental means like suffering, harm by reasons of consequences, malnutrition, sexual abuse of growing up under condition which threaten his or her survival. Definite knowledge as to the nature and scope of child abuse appears to be lacking due to the difficulties associated with the definition of the concept as well as the cross cultural global issue regarding what is and what is not child abuse. In western orientation, child abuse extends to various misuses of children, especially with regards to functions relating to certain responsibilities such as “child labour” either in the form of “farm work “, or street hawking which many children in African cultural content embark upon as an acquired work rule in an extended family system.

Children belong to the defenseless and disadvantaged group. They should not be harmed or maltreated in any way as they are incapable of appreciating the dangers they face and the adverse effects which ill treatment have on their future development. Other children, especially adolescents are exposed, as are adults to environmental hazards that they deliberately seek such as cigarette smoking and the use of alcohol and other drugs. This article reviews the scope of diseases that affect children with particular emphasis on the ways in which the unique attributes of the growing child and special aspects of his environment serve to modify the causes, effects and treatment of particular diseases.

Statement of the Problems

Edo State has witnessed in human act of child abuse and its consequences and its devastating effect on the child development. This becomes obvious when viewed from treatment melted on the children from broken home and parental neglect. The following are some abuse and consequences meted on a child;

Inadequate care for the children by parents and guardians in terms of providing basic needs.
Deprivation of certain children’s right both in the home and at school.
Child prostitution through hawking
Child kidnapping or death through hawking
Exposure to danger of death or harm through kidnapping
Misuse of children in various working areas.

Purpose of the Study

The finding of this study will enable parents and guardians to have alternative way of child rearing with abuse of children. There will be improvement on children enrolment in the school as the findings of the study will be known to the society at large.

The study will also help educational personnel to understand what constitute child abuse and its consequences (like working on the teacher’s farm during school hours, sex abuse by senior students, lack of teaching materials etc its perpetuating force and effect so that they know where and how to start combating it. This study will also help the government to know the various forms of child abuse prevalent in Edo State and the ways of fighting them.

Significant of the Study

This will simply states the usefulness of the study in terms of its implication in the study and also its application to practice. The people of Edo state will benefit from this research when reading it, that many students has drop out of school due to the effect of child abuse in the society.

This study will also expose the students not to fall into child abuse in the process of having children in their marriage life.

Scope of the Study

This study is restricted to the effect of child abuse in our society at large. Due to the fact that the researcher cannot go round the whole Edo State, then the researcher decided to choose Oredo Local Government Area as a case study.

Research Questions

The following research questions were stated to guide the study:

What constitute child abuse?
What are the causes of child abuse?
How does child abuse affect the academic performance of the children involved?
In what ways can child abuse be controlled?

Definition of Terms

The following terms were used during this study.

Child:

A young boy or girl who is not at the age of adult

Abuse:

The use of something in a way that is wrong or harmful e.g. drug, food, drink etc

Child abuse:

The crime of harming a child in a physical, sexual or emotional way.

Children:

Young human who is not yet an adult

Consequences:

What happened as a result of something

Sexual abuse:

Connected with the physical activity of sex in a harmful way

Malnutrition:

A poor condition of health caused by lack of food

Child labour:

Misused of children in various working areas

Deprivation:

The fact of not having enough something that you need like enough food

Devastating:

The fact of causing a lot of damage and destruction

Melted:

To give somebody a punishment to make somebody suffer bad treatment.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendations

Summary

The summary of the finding has to been made base on the finding in the last chapter. The findings of the study are summarized as follows:

Inadequate care and provision of children’s need constitutes child abuse.
Ignorance hand some socio – economic factors cause child abuse and consequences.
Child abuse and consequence hinders proper development of their victims academically.
Child abuse and its consequences can be controlled by sensitizing the public and the ills of indulging in the acts.

Conclusion

From the foregoing analysis, it is clear that the incidences of child abuse and its consequences on the academic performance of students in Egor Local Government Area is obvious. The abused children are scolded of certain basic provision necessary for their development.

However, child abuse and its consequences can be controlled if government mounts constant, it should also be included as a course in all educational institutions and in all secondary school in order to bring to light its ills.
Family planning should be available through mass media and public lectures, so as to help in the reduction of child abuse and its consequences.

Recommendation

Based on the finding of the study the following recommendations were made:

Family planning exercise should be enforced upon every couple so that each family can procreate only those children they can cater for.
Parents should cease giving away their children as maids or house helps because such children often fall victims of child abuse.
The government should not only campaign against child abuse but arrest and prosecute defaulters in child abuse.
The planners of the school’s curriculum should build into the curriculum, principal that will deal with the plight of children under abuse.
Finally, the researcher also recommends that the government should ban hawing and sales by children of school age.

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