Challenges Affecting Procurement Processes In Public Organizations In Nigeria

Challenges Affecting Procurement Processes In Public Organizations In Nigeria
Abstract
This study was carried out to examine the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria using Lagos State Public Procurement Agency as a case study. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprise of staff of Lagos State Public Procurement Agency. In determining the sample size, the researcher conveniently selected 100 respondents and all were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables, while the hypothesis were tested using Chi-sqaure statistical tool, SPSS v23. The result of the findings reveals that there is are challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria. Among which are; inadequate regulatory compliance, malpractice of procurement officers on procurement policies and procedures, the lack of open processes and procedures and mismanagement of resources, and greed and criminality of officers concerned. The study also revealed that procurement methods affects procurement processes in public organizations. Therefore it is recommended emphases should be placed on improving these factors such as lack of frequency in training, methods used, ICT usage, record keeping and ethical issues, as an intervention for enhancing better and easy procurement process, and strategies for minimizing factors affecting procurements should involve improving ethical issues and making sure availability of computers and proper skills for the modern record keeping and enhancement of ICT application for procurement related functions for all procurement departments’ staffs. Moreso, the solutions gathered from the field survey should be considered relevant and should be implemented adequately.
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
Procurements processes entail various functions move far beyond traditional perception that procurement main role is acquiring works or services from outside sources for replenishing organization needs. Mlinga (2007), describe procurements as activity of assessing, buying of works, goods and service.
Today, in many countries, public procurement has become an issue of public attention and debate, and has been subjected to reforms, restructuring, rules and regulations. Public procurement refers to the acquisition of goods, services and works by a procuring entity using public funds (World Bank, 1995). Public bodies have always been big purchasers, dealing with huge budgets, public procurement represents 18.42% of the world GDP (Roodhooft & Abbeele, 2006; Mahmood, 2010). In developing countries, public procurement is increasingly recognized as essential in service delivery and it accounts for a high proportion of total expenditure (Hunja, 2003). Due to the colossal amount of money involved in government procurement and the fact that such money comes from the public, there is need for accountability and transparency (Hui et al., 2011). Consequently, various countries both in developed and least developed countries have instituted procurement reforms involving laws and regulations. The major obstacle however, has been inadequate regulatory compliance. Non-compliance problem affects not only the third world countries but also countries in the developed economies. Hui et al. (2011), while analysing procurement issues in Malaysia, established that procurement officers were blamed for malpractice and non-compliance to the procurement policies and procedures. Most developing countries are facing a problem of rapid changes in procurements which are imparting pressure on how the procurement function performs its internal and external processes in order to achieve its objectives (Wambui, 2013). Its implementation is perhaps driven by development partners who have focussed on getting countries to introduce a standard law developed by the United Nations Commission on international trade law (McDonald, 2008). The public procurement reforms currently focus on getting countries to implement a standard procurement law and system. This is a challenge that countries ought to cope up with as pointed out by Thai (2001) that public practitioners may have to put up with contradictory and contrasting procurement requirements and objectives imposed by policies and trade agreements. Such challenges in procurement reforms are beyond procurement regulations and include processes, methods, procurement organizational structures and workforce. Public procurement regulations are based on agreed upon donor requirements and the procedures should be consistent with international standards (MoE, 2007). The implementation of stipulated public procurement structures could determine implementation or no implementation of public procurement regulations. The sole purpose of this research is to therefore find out the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Public procurement has been identified as the government activity most Vulnerable to corruption. As a major interface between the public and the private sectors, public procurement provides multiple opportunities for both public and private actors to divert public funds for private gain. For example, bribery by international firms in OECD countries is more pervasive in public procurement than in utilities, taxation, judiciary and state capture (OECD, 2007: 9). The challenge of ensuring integrity in the public procurement processes is therefore not a problem peculiar to Nigeria or the developing countries alone. The lack of open processes and procedures and mismanagement of resources in the award of contracts in the government circles may have necessitated calls by international organizations for governments to pay greater attention to the public procurement process, to ensure that award of contracts and other procurement matters are handled professionally, in compliance to acceptable global standards.
Also the Impact of challenges affecting these processes in Public organizations has not received much attention, as most of the study focused in central government procurement whereby Government is directly involved through taxpayer’s monies. Although procurement processes has been followed as per existing regulations but still there are many challenges to overcome and addressed for improving in this portion.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The main objective of this study is to find out the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organization in Nigeria, specifically the study intends to:
- Find out the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria
- Examine how procurement methods affects procurement processes in public organizations
- Proffer solution to the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations
1.4 Research Question
- What are the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria?
- Does procurement methods affects procurement processes in public organizations?
- What is the solution to the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations?
1.5 Research Hypothesis
Ho: there is no challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria
Hi: there is challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria
1.6 Significance of the Study
This study will be of benefit by providing insight to the effects for public procurement processes for Parastatal organizations in Nigeria, furthermore through attaining the intending purpose the researcher anticipate this study to be of benefit to the following: First, to add the current existing knowledge in Public Procurement which contributes to academicians in developing knowledge regarding the effects of procurements processes for Public and Parastatal organizations.
The findings of the study also will assist public organizations to utilize the best practices as suggested throughout this study. The findings will ensure work improvements and lead to better incentives and remunerations achieved through better utilization of resources in regards to improving processes for procurement and general organization performance.
1.7 Scope of the Study
This research will focus on public procurement processes in Nigeria and their challenges, this research will also be conducted in Lagos state.
1.8 Delimitation of the Study
Finance for the general research work will be a challenge during the course of study. Correspondents also might not be able to complete or willing to submit the questionnaires given to them.
However, it is believed that these constraints will be worked on by making the best use of the available materials and spending more than the necessary time in the research work. Therefore, it is strongly believed that despite these constraint, its effect on this research report will be minimal, thus, making the objective and significance of the study achievable.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Procurement Processes:
The process of finding, agreeing terms and acquiring goods, services or works from an external source, often via a tendering or competitive bidding process.
Public Organization:
Any organisation that is defined as being part of the public sector by a legal framework at any level
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations
5.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria using Lagos State Public Procurement Agency as a case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
5.2 Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was on the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria using Lagos State Public Procurement Agency as a case study. The study is was specifically carried out to find out the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria, examine how procurement methods affects procurement processes in public organizations, and proffer solution to the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 100 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were staff of Lagos State Public Procurement Agency.
5.3 Conclusions
Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;
- There is are challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations in Nigeria. Among which are; inadequate regulatory compliance, malpractice of procurement officers on procurement policies and procedures, the lack of open processes and procedures and mismanagement of resources, and greed and criminality of officers concerned.
- Procurement methods affects procurement processes in public organizations.
- The solution to the challenges affecting procurement processes in public organizations comprise of retrievable purchase justification, authentication of budget approvals, review of compliance to applicable laws & standards, full post-acquisition management, and sanctioning of malpractice victims.
5.4 Recommendations
Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.
- Emphases should be placed on improving these factors such as lack of frequency in training, methods used, ICT usage, record keeping and ethical issues, as an intervention for enhancing better and easy procurement process.
- Strategies for minimizing factors affecting procurements should involve improving ethical issues and making sure availability of computers and proper skills for the modern record keeping and enhancement of ICT application for procurement related functions for all procurement departments’ staffs.
- The solutions gathered from the field survey should be considered relevant and should be implemented adequately.


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Frequently Asked Questions
What are the challenges of Public Procurement?
Also, the public procurement process faces challenges in terms of identifying the ability of analytics to mitigate disruption, forecast revenue, identify opportunities in the market, and much more.
What is the public procurement process?
The procurement process forms an integral part of any organization’s process-driven and innovation strategies to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and make advancements. When it comes to the public procurement process, there are several unique roadblocks to implementing these strategies processes, and systems successfully into existing operations.
How can public procurement benefit from sustainability?
With growing consumers’ demand, public organizations will need to have a unique point of difference in the public procurement process to seek the attention of consumers and boost sales. To achieve this, public organizations can use sustainability as their selling point to draw in consumers.
What are the roadblocks to public procurement?
When it comes to the public procurement process, there are several unique roadblocks to implementing these strategies processes, and systems successfully into existing operations. This makes the public procurement process more time-consuming, inefficient and costly.
What factors affect the public procurement process?
Conflict of interest and corruption in the evaluation process top the list of challenges that have continued to cripple the services of the Public Procurement and Disposal of Public Assets (PPDA). This is according to a new report from a survey on …
What are the objectives of Public Procurement?
What are the objectives of Public Procurement? According to Act 663 Section 2, the object of the Authority is to harmonize the process of public procurement in the public service to secure a judicious, economic and efficient use of state resources in public procurement and ensure that public procurement is carried out in a fair, transparent and …
What are the disadvantages of Public Procurement?
PPP procurement has significantly higher transaction costs, both for the public sector and the private sector/contractor community. These higher costs are inherent in the higher complexity of the procurement, particularly during the tender process, but also in preparation/appraisal and monitoring resources.
Why is sustainable sourcing good for business?
Why Sustainable Sourcing is Good For Business Lisa Wirthman • Freelance journalist covering women, business, policy and social good. More than just a catchphrase, sustainable sourcing is an effective way to set your eCommerce website or store apart by elevating your brand image, capturing more market share, reducing operating costs and …
What is the future of sustainable procurement?
Sustainable procurement also future proofs your organization by making it more resilient to supply scarcity and capable of supporting demand in emerging markets. It improves your risk management processes by working with suppliers who are less likely to encounter breaks in production due to environmental issues.
What is ethical, sustainable sourcing?
At the same time, we expect our suppliers to meet the highest standards of quality, ethics and sustainability … that contributes to successful and sustainable businesses. Through inclusive …
What is the public procurement process?
The procurement process forms an integral part of any organization’s process-driven and innovation strategies to improve efficiency, reduce costs, and make advancements. When it comes to the public procurement process, there are several unique roadblocks to implementing these strategies processes, and systems successfully into existing operations.
What are the challenges of Public Procurement?
Also, the public procurement process faces challenges in terms of identifying the ability of analytics to mitigate disruption, forecast revenue, identify opportunities in the market, and much more.
How can public procurement benefit from sustainability?
With growing consumers’ demand, public organizations will need to have a unique point of difference in the public procurement process to seek the attention of consumers and boost sales. To achieve this, public organizations can use sustainability as their selling point to draw in consumers.


