Biomass Power Generation

Project and Seminar Material For Electrical Electronics Engineering EEE

Abstract

In view of the growing demand for energy. The use of renewal energy source as alternatives to the traditional energy sources has become a global tend and necessity. This work attempts to bring to light the use of biomass fuel as a renewal source of energy. It examines the sources, types and benefits of using biomass. The components of a typical biomass power plant and its working principle were also x-rayed.
Finally, it considered the economics of using biomass as a fuel source presently especially in a developing country like Nigerian.

Table Of Contents

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title
• Declaration
• Approval
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of Content

Chapter One

• 1.0 Introduction:

Chapter Two

• 2.0 Introduction:
• 2.1.1 Sustainable:
• 2.1.2 Carbon neutral:
• 2.1.3 Water disposal:
• 2.2 Difference between biomass and fossil fuels:
• 2.3 Benefits:
• 2.4 Types of Biomass:
• 2.4.1 Wood and Agricultural products:
• 2.4.2 Solid waste:
• 2.4.3 Alcoholic fuels:
• 2.4.4 Landfill Gas:
• 2.5 Biomass and Nigeria:

Chapter Three

• 3.0 Biomass Power Plant:
• 3.1 Energy Extraction:
• 3.2 Composition of Biomass plant:
• 3.2.1 Boiler:
• 3.2.2 Turbine:
• 3.2.3 Fuel handling and feed system:
• 3.2.4 Generator:
• 3.2.5 Electrical Substation:
• 3.2.6 Condenser:
• 3.2.7 Pollution Control Devices:
• 3.2.8 Cooling System:
• 3.2.9 Administration building:
• 3.3 How the Biomass power Plant works:

Chapter Four

• 4.0 Economics of Biomass power plant operation:
• 4.2 Issues to be considered before setting up biomass power plant:
• 4.2.1 Distance:
• 4.2.2 Transport:
• 4.2.3 Land:
• 4.2.4 Fuel:
• 4.2.5 Energy Policy:
• 4.2.6 Environmental policies:
• 4.2.7 Water:

Chapter Five

• 5.0 Summary:
• 5.1 Conclusion:
• References:

Chapter One

Introduction

Biomass has been important as the future source of renewable energy source as far back as the 1970’s when scientists actually become seriously interested in the possibility of expensive product.

The actual name “Biomass” came into being and the idea took off like wildfire. The cost of imported oil and the problems of mining cool, the fact that there was a possibility of using natural materials that were abundant to produce energy caught everyone’s eyes.

When the potential of biomass power first appeared, everyone was excited about an easily obtainable renewable energy source, various areas were explored concerning the feasibility of developing a biomass power plant. Over the years, experiments have been conducted on how to break down the components of organic matter that would result in generation of electric power that could be utilized in modern industry and civilian use in an inexpensive manner.

Favorable results were obtained as it was found that there was an abundance of products for use as fuel, also that it could be developed as an agricultural crop. There was no doubt concerning its power to assist in fulfilling the energy needs of a society.

Despite the large amount of money spent by countries like united states on research, the problem of enzymes and other compounds that break down organic matter in a cost effective way still remains.

Research in methods of obtaining energy from biomass materials efficiently is still underway, needless to say, universal acceptability of power generation from biomass fuels will continue to prove elusive if found to be less cost effective than fossil fuels[1].

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary

The use of biomass as a source of fuel for power generation is viable though it requires extensive work for its usage on a large scale. For example, the available fuel in a given locality will determine they type of plant set up as it is not economically feasible to locate plants far from their sources of fuel which increase transportation costs.
Also, when it comes to the use of solid waste care has to be taken so as to avoid burning substances which release highly toxic gases. Biomass electricity can be one technology of a renewable energy portfolio, it is one that would provide a significant boost to local economies one reason for this being that fuel is bought locally and money spent on biomass materials remain in the area creating larger cash flow together with increased tax revenue.

5.1 Conclusion

Biomass has the potential to become an important part of electricity generation in Nigeria. It can be predicted and planned, therefore making it suitable for base load generation. The technology however, is not yet far enough advanced but as more demonstration plants begin operation the industry will learn. At present, the main focus for this technology is small scale plants for generating electricity and producing heat. The economic support of the government will be key to the realization of these plants on a commercial scale.

Biomass Power Generation

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