Awareness And Use Of Social Media Network For Information Dissemination Among Library And Information Science Students In Tertiary Institutions Of Katsina State
Awareness And Use Of Social Media Network For Information Dissemination Among Library And Information Science Students In Tertiary Institutions Of Katsina State
Abstract
In this era of Information and communication technology, social media especially facebook, whatsApp, twitter and many others have revolutionalised and redefined monopoly of news and information by mass media (radio, television, newspaper and magazine industries) as it enhanced citizen participation in news gathering and dissemination. The study looked into the rising trend in the use of social media networks by students in seeking information using Federal University, Dutsin-ma Katsina state Students as a reference point. Social media has in the recent time turn the citizen not only as information consumers but also as information distributor which is now known as “Citizen Journalism”. Most citizen own their own blog, group and room on social media sites where they publish news stories. Others do submit their stories to websites designed for the purpose of citizen journalists or to well known media houses that do accept stories from citizen reporters. Survey research method was adopted while questionnaire were developed as a research tool used to elicit data from the selected respondents. From the responses gathered, it was observed that majority of the students are having access to social media and are on one or two social media.Government should make sure that owners of website and blogs within the country abide to the laws of defamation, obscenity, and invasion of privacy. This can be done by setting up a body whose sole responsibility is squarely on monitoring the manifest content of internet materials.
Table of Content
- Title Page
- Certification
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Content
- List of Tables
- Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem
- 1.3 Objective of the Study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research Hypothesis
- 1.6 Significance of the Study
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Limitation of the Study
- 1.9 Definition of Terms
- 1.10 Organisations of the Study
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.3 Empirical Review
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sample Size Determination
- 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
- 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Validity of the Study
- 3.9 Reliability of the Study
- 3.10 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Answering Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- References
- APPENDIX
- QUESTIONNAIRE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
Advancements in technology gave birth to Social Media which helps in rapid dissemination of information. Information disseminated using Social Media platforms have the capacity of reaching to the target population simultaneously regardless of the recipient location. Social Media have provided libraries and Students with a viable platform through which their voices are heard.
Social media platforms have revolutionized the way Students disseminate information to its teeming users. Aporhonor and Olise (2015) opined that Students, in this digital age, are responsible for a wide variety of resources and services that expand far beyond the working days. Students are responding to the popularity of Social Media and their expanding role in the creation, use, and sharing of information by engaging them as a central medium for interacting with library patrons and providing services to meet their information needs.
According to Ezeani and Igwesi (2012) social media is an evolutionary development of online participation where people of common interest communicate, share and contribute content on the social cyberspace. It is a viable tool for cooperation and sharing of knowledge in an open access platform. Students in Nigerian universities as well as all tertiary institutions libraries are now realizing the potentials of Social Media such as Facebook, Twitter, YouTube, LinkedIn, Skype, Google+, etc and are making efforts to integrate them into library services. Sahu (2013) maintained that some of the information disseminated by Students through Social Media tools includes: library orientation, new arrival of library resources, references services, selective dissemination of information (SDI), and customer services in general.
Social network are fast becoming very popular means of both interpersonal and public communication in Nigeria. Social networking sites are modern interactive communication channels through which people connect to one another, share ideas, experiences, pictures, messages and information of interest. Boyd and Ellison (2007) define social networking sites as: ‘‘Web based services that allow individuals to construct a Public or semipublic profile within a bounded system articulate a list of other users with whom they share a connection and view and traverse their list of connections and those made by others within the system.(pp.78-100.) They are interactive networks which information and communication technology (ICTs) bequeath to the modern society through the instrumentality of the Internet and the telecommunication gadgets. The Internet makes it possible to expand the networks and to increase the possibilities for communicating with wider audiences on the globe. The interactive aura of the new media confers an unprecedented popularity on them. Also the ubiquity of the social networking sites within their short period of arrival is unparalleled in the annals of media industry. Awake (2011) buttresses this point by noting that ‘‘social networking has become hugely popular. Similarly, it took 38 years for radio to reach 50 million users, 13 years for television to attract the same number and 4 years for the Internet to do so, but it took Facebook 12-month only to gain 200 million users. Social networking sites provide various interactive platforms based on the intentions of their founders. There are for instance, social, political, academic, businesses, sports, romantic and religious platform. In other words, the social networking site by their nature has the capabilities of educating, informing, entertaining and inflaming the audience. Onomo (2012) acknowledged this ability of the media by remarking that social networking sites has become ‘‘a widespread tool for communication and exchange of ideas, helping individuals and organizations with just causes to reach a phenomenally vast audience that could hitherto not be reached by traditional media. Most of the members to these social networking sites are young people who are still in school. Al-Rahma and Othman (2013) inform that there is no doubt that social media has gained wider acceptability and usability and is also becoming the most important communication tools among students. A large percentage of teenagers in Kenya spend their time online either using smartphones or their computers and other handheld gadgets such as ipads and tablets browsing these social networking sites. Students in all levels of education seize every opportunity they get to access social networking sites to check on status on Facebook and what is trending on Twitter. Teenagers have learnt to multitask as they switch from one SNS to another. The social media has been a platform for interaction among the young and the elderly. Thus, people use social media sites such as Facebook, Twitter, 2go, MySpace, WhatsApp amongst others to create and sustain relationships with others (Boyd & Ellison, 2007). These social media sites enable those who use them to create personal profiles, while connecting with other users of the sites. Users can upload photographs, post what they are doing at any given time and send personal or public messages to whoever they chose. In this information age social media sites seem to be growing in popularity rapidly, especially among young adults (Pempek, Yermolayeva, & Calvert, 2008) Lenhart, Purcell, Smith, and Zickuhr (2010) noted that social media sites have created new non-personal ways for people to interact with each other and young adults have taken advantage of this technological trend enhance communication. In recent years, social networking sites (SNS) like Facebook, Twitter, MySpace, and LinkedIn have become the most visited websites in the world, with Facebook topping the list. With over 90 million active users in 2009, Facebook boasted an 85% market share at universities and colleges in the United States (Hendrix, Chiarella, Hasman, Murphy, & Zafron, 2009). In 2010, Facebook increased its traffic by nearly 70% with more than 115 million unique visitors. MySpace ranked second while Twitter soared immediately after it (Friedman, 2010; Nielsen Market Research, May 4, 2010). Today, Facebook has more than 800 million active users.
1.2 Statement of the Problem
Social media are important tools for socialization and entertainment. Social media have come to facilitate and ease social interaction in contemporary society, thus, making it easier for people to unite and communicate with lost friends, obtaining information on what is happening around the world, making use of social marketing, advertising their products, getting information on academic level and so many others. According to Ezeah (2012), the use of the social media as channels of communication is a growing trend in Nigeria now, like in virtually all parts of the globe. In the country, people including university students make use of the new media. Meanwhile, Baran (2010) argues that technology can be used in ways beneficial and otherwise…technology is a double-edged sword. Its power – for good and for bad – resides in us. That is to say, students (users) determine what they do with technology.
However, the social media have been fraught with problems right from inception and these problems has hinder the expected social media growth needed in the society. The major problem which this research work discovered is the misuse of the social network roles by the users. Benkler (2006) attributes the high level of corruption in the economy to the misuse of social media in promoting dubious activities. Such as cybercrime, personification, examination malpractice, pornography, among others; which have equally reduced high educational learning among students.
The University which has continued to expand since establishment has seen the need to explore every available means of reaching its users in order to enhance effective communication and knowledge dissemination. It is on this premise that the researcher intends to investigate the effect of the rising trend in the use of social media networks by students in seeking information.
1.3 Objective of the Study
The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of the rising trend in the use of social media networks by students in seeking information, but to successfully complete the study; the researcher intends to achieve the following specific objectives:
- To investigate the impact of social media on the accessibility of information by student
- To investigate if social media network serve as a reliable source of information to student
- To examine the role of social media in improving the academic performance of student
- To ascertain if there is any relationship between social media network and student academic achievement.
1.4 Research Question
- What is the impact of social media on the accessibility of information by student?
- Does social media network serve as a reliable source of information to student?
- What is the role of social media in improving the academic performance of student?
- Is there any relationship between social media network and student academic achievement?
1.5 Research Hypotheses
To aid the successful completion of the study, the following research hypotheses were formulated by the researcher;
- H0: social media network does not have any impact on the accessibility of information by students of higher learning
H1: social media network does have impact on the accessibility of information by students of higher learning - H02: social media network is not a reliable source of information to students of higher institutions
H2: social media network is a reliable source of information to students of higher institutions
1.6 Significance of the Study
It is believed that at the completion of the study, the findings will be of importance to the students of higher institutions as the study seek to emphasize on the dangers of relying on information published on social network site, and the benefit accrue to students who make use of this site as a source of information. The study will also be beneficial to the owners of this social media network site, as the study will suggest possible ways of improving on the quality of information published on the site, the study will be useful to researchers who intends to embark on a study in a similar topic, as the study will serve as a reference point, finally the study will be useful to the students, teachers, lecturers, academia’s and the general public as the findings will add to the pool of existing literature.
1.7 Scope of the Study
The study will analyze the awareness and use of social media network for information dissemination among library and information science students in tertiary institutions of Katsina state. It study will be carried among the students of Federal University, Dutsin-ma Katsina state.
1.8 Limitation of the Study
In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.
1.9 Definition of Terms
Social Media
Social media are computer-mediated technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, career interests and other forms of expression via virtual communities and networks.
Social Network
A social networking service is an online platform that people use to build social networks or social relations with other people who share similar personal or career interests, activities, backgrounds or real-life connections
Information
Information is that which informs. In other words, it is the answer to a question of some kind
Motivation
This the process through which individual are charged to increase their action or performance either by internal or external factors.
Dissemination
Dissemination is one-way, and involves sending information through publications, social media, presentations, a project website, and so on. Communication is two-way, and involves channels such as workshops, round-tables, and events.
1.10 Organization of the Study
This research work is organized in five chapters, for easy understanding, as follows.
- Chapter one is concern with the introduction, which consist of the (overview, of the study), historical background, statement of problem, objectives of the study, research hypotheses, significance of the study, scope and limitation of the study, definition of terms and historical background of the study.
- Chapter two highlights the theoretical framework on which the study is based, thus the review of related literature.
- Chapter three deals on the research design and methodology adopted in the study.
- Chapter four concentrate on the data collection and analysis and presentation of finding.
- Chapter five gives summary, conclusion, and recommendations made of the study.
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:
5.1 Introduction
This chapter summarizes the findings on the awareness and use of social media network for information dissemination among library and information science students in tertiary institutions of katsina state using students of Federal University, Dutsin-ma Katsina state as case study. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.
5.2 Summary of the Study
In this study, our focus was on the awareness and use of social media network for information dissemination among library and information science students in tertiary institutions of katsina state using students of Federal University, Dutsin-ma Katsina. The study is was specifically focused on assessing the effectiveness of social media group in creating and disseminating information among students; analyzing the challenges and concerns associated with using social media for official communication among students and identify strategies to mitigate potential risks and optimize the use of social media in creating and disseminating information among academic staff.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 100 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent are students of Federal University, Dutsin-ma Katsina.
5.3 Conclusions
With respect to the analysis and the findings of this study, the following conclusions emerged;
The use of social media as a means of information dissemination in organizations offers numerous advantages, including instantaneous communication, group collaboration, and cost-effectiveness. However, schools must carefully consider and address the challenges related to data security, information overload, and maintaining a clear distinction between personal and professional communication. By understanding both the benefits and limitations, organizations can leverage social media effectively to improve communication efficiency and foster a collaborative and engaging work environment.
5.4 Recommendation
Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.
- Students should ensure that they balance their activities on social media with their academic activities so that they can increase their performance in school which happens to be their priority and students should reduce the number of time they spent on social media daily accessing social media.
- The benefits of social media can never be overemphasized; therefore university management should ensure that they integrate the social media applications in library service delivery and learning system. For instance, the library can offer reference services on library social media platforms.
- Students should embrace the use of social media for academic purpose such as sharing of ideas, communication and searching for academic information.
- The library management should embrace the use of social media for current awareness services, selective dissemination of information and other services in the library.
- If possible, library should create a unit of social media librarian that will be receiving and answering queries via library social media handles.
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