Assessment Of Work Related-Strain, Perceived Stress And Job Satisfaction Among Nurses Working In Selected Health Facilities In Oyo State

Project and Seminar Material for Nursing (Science)

Abstract

This study was carried out to examine work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. The study was carried out to identify the factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State, ascertain the extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State, and identify other factors which can improve the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. The survey design was adopted and the simple random sampling techniques were employed in this study. The population size comprised of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. In determining the sample size, the researcher purposefully selected 160 respondents and 141 were validated. Self-constructed and validated questionnaire was used for data collection. The collected and validated questionnaires were analyzed using frequency tables, and mean scores. While the hypotheses was tested Chi-square statistical tool. The result of the findings reveals that the factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State includes: working period in the profession, workload, operating conditions, role duality, use of sophisticated technologies, and attitude of patients. Furthermore the study revealed that he extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State is high. Therefore, it is recommended that adopting effective relaxation programs and strategies to reduce amount of job stress. Thus, this will increase job satisfaction which will be reflected on patient care quality. To mention but a few.

Table of Content

Title Page
Certification
Dedication
Acknowledgement
Table of Content
List of Tables
Abstract

Chapter One:

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study
1.2 Statement of the Problem
1.3 Objective of the Study
1.4 Research Questions
1.5 Research Hypothesis
1.6 Significance of the Study
1.7 Scope of the Study
1.8 Limitation of the Study
1.9 Definition of Terms
1.10 Organisations of the Study

Chapter Two:

Review of Literature

2.1 Conceptual Framework
2.2 Theoretical Framework
2.3 Empirical Review

Chapter Three:

Research Methodology

3.1 Research Design
3.2 Population of the Study
3.3 Sample Size Determination
3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
3.6 Method of Data Collection
3.7 Method of Data Analysis
3.8 Validity of the Study
3.9 Reliability of the Study
3.10 Ethical Consideration

Chapter Four:

Data Presentation and Analysis

4.1 Data Presentation
4.2 Analysis of Data
4.3 Answering Research Questions
4.4 Test of Hypotheses

Chapter Five:

Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation

5.1 Summary
5.2 Conclusion
5.3 Recommendation
References
APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of Study

In recent times, there has been a growing belief that the experience of stress at work has unwelcome effects, both on the health and safety of workers and on the health and effectiveness of their organizations (Payne, 2001). This belief has been reflected not only in public and media interest, but also in increasing concern voiced by the trades unions and by scientific and professional organizations, including the International Labor Office. Particular concern has been expressed for the effects of stress on health-care professionals and, in particular, on nurses. He concluded that nursing is, by its very nature, a “stressful” profession. In a similar vein, Harris (2001) observed that every day the nurse confronted with grief, stark suffering, and death as few other individuals do. A lot of nursing tasks are unrewarding and mundane. Many are, by normal standards, disgusting and distasteful. Some are simply frightening, others are often degrading. It is barely amazing that nurses, faced by such tasks and events, have been detailed to experience high intensities of stress, and their difficulties emerge to be further worsened by a range of organizational matters increasingly accepted as being active in the stress process.

Stress has been grouped as a stimulus or antecedent, as a response or consequence, and as an interaction. It has been deliberated from many diverse perspectives. For instance, Smith et al (2001) anticipated a physiological evaluation that supports considering the connection between stress and illness. On the contrary, Cox and Griffiths (1996) argued that a psychological view in which stress is has a particular relationship between the person and the environment.

Job stress among nurses is a global problem and 9.2% to 68% of nurses may be faced with job stress (Dagget, Molla, Belachew 2016). This disorder among nurses may be associated with several psychological (anxiety, depression, exhaustion and poor concentration), physical (increased heart beat rate and blood pressure, cardiovascular diseases and musculoskeletal pains), or organizational (job absenteeism, lack of job satisfaction and lack of quality in job performance) problems. In addition to job stress, one of the most important organizational issues related to nurses is their level of job satisfaction (Shahnazi , Daniali, Sharifirad, 2014).

Job satisfaction is a positive and pleasant emotional state and is a result of individual’s assessment on his/her job or job experience.10 Job satisfaction may increase level of self-confidence, improve communication, reduce level of psychological distress, and improve physical, mental and social health among nurses.9 Job satisfaction among nurses may be also influenced by several factors such as salary, communications, policies, procedures, job dimensions, work order, and personality characteristics (Ma, Samuels, Alexander, 2003).

When the needs of nurses are not met at the workplace, they are very likely to experience a variant level of job stress which may negatively impact their job performance and may also lead to job dissatisfaction.(Emadzadeh 2012). In a study conducted on job satisfaction and its association with staff performance among nurses, there was a positive and significant correlation between job satisfaction and staff performance. Considering the significant role and the high proportion of nurses in health care provision, there is a need for better understanding on the psycho-social issues related to their level of job stress and job satisfaction. Better understanding on the relationships between job stress and job satisfaction among nurses may help healthcare managers, hospital policy makers and nursing instructors in providing appropriate strategies and programs to promote job satisfaction among nurses. Promoting job satisfaction among this population may consequently increase their level of productivity and efficiency, and improve the quality of their performance (Ella, Akpan-Idiok, Asuquo,& Ijabula, 2003).

1.2 Statement of the Problem

Work related-strain, perceived stress threatens the wellbeing of organizations and employees’ performance (Musyoka, et al., 2012). The issue is becoming a serious problem for many organizations due to organization cost and other negative effects towards organizations and employees’ performance (AL-Omar, 2003). Azizolla, et al. (2013) state that work related-strain, perceived stress exists when people experienced difficulties in coping with the demands relating to work and when sense of wellbeing is jeopardized. According to Kazmi, et al. (2008) health sector is an inherently stressful work setting with long working hours, ethical dilemmas, difficult patients and incompatible demands. Health sector in Nigeria is among of the sectors which are affected by the said problem. Therefore, it is not exempted from the said consequences. There is however a paucity of research evidence as to whether work stress affects the performance of health workers in Nigeria in general. It is in this respect that this study aims at assessing work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.

1.3 Objective of the Study

The main objective of this study is to examine the work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. Specifically, we aim to:

Identify the factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.
Ascertain the extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.
Identify other factors which can improve the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.

1.4 Research Question

The questions that the study will seek to be answered are;

What the factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State?
What is the extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State?
What are other factors which can improve the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State?

1.5 Research Hypothesis

Ho: Work related-strain and perceived stress has no significant influence on job satisfaction of nurses.
Ha: Work related-strain and perceived stress has a significant influence on job satisfaction of nurses.

1.6 Significance of the Study

Health care workers are the cornerstone of the nation’s health care industry, they do not only offer care and comfort, but also serve as role models for good health care. There is therefore adequate justification to study the work related-strain, perceived stress such study will help the health workers to identify the causes of their stress and how to manage it and be able to deliver well to increase their performance. Better understanding on the relationships between job stress and job satisfaction among nurses may help healthcare managers, hospital policy makers and nursing instructors in providing appropriate strategies and programs to promote job satisfaction among nurses. Promoting job satisfaction among this population may consequently increase their level of productivity and efficiency, and improve the quality of their performance.

1.7 Scope of the Study

This scope of this study boarders on work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. However, the study will be delimited to selected health facilities in Oyo State.

1.8 Limitation of the Study

This research work is specifically on the effects of stress on health care workers during the covid-19 pandemic. In the limitation on research work of this magnitude or nature can be carried out without limitation. Hence, during the course, certain constraints were encountered.

Cost:

The cost of thorough research is not what can be afforded by a student. The prices of materials needed for this work has gone up and transport fee has also gone up.

Time:

The time was one of the limitations in the process of carrying out this research work.

Scarcity of Literature:

The research encountered some problems in collection of literature especially on the bank History and operations. This are hindered the smooth running of this work.

1.9 Definition of Terms

Stress:

Stress is the wear and tear of our body experienced as are adjust to continually changed environment.

Stress Management:

This can be define as various effort to control and reduce the tension that occurs in stressful situation.

Performance:

This is the degree of effectiveness in utilizing the facilities of production, especially in labour and material.

1.10 Organization of the Studies

The study is categorized into five chapters. The first chapter presents the background of the study, statement of the problem, objective of the study, research questions and hypothesis, the significance of the study, scope/limitations of the study, and definition of terms. The chapter two covers the review of literature with emphasis on conceptual framework, theoretical framework, and empirical review. Likewise, the chapter three which is the research methodology, specifically covers the research design, population of the study, sample size determination, sample size, and selection technique and procedure, research instrument and administration, method of data collection, method of data analysis, validity and reliability of the study, and ethical consideration. The second to last chapter being the chapter four presents the data presentation and analysis, while the last chapter(chapter five) contains the summary, conclusion and recommendation.

Chapter Five

Summary, Conclusions and Recommendations:

5.1 Introduction

This chapter summarizes the findings on the work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. The chapter consists of summary of the study, conclusions, and recommendations.

5.2 Summary of the Study

In this study, our focus was to examine work related-strain, perceived stress and job satisfaction among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State. The study specifically was aimed to identify the factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State, ascertain the extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State, and identify other factors which can improve the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.

The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 141 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondents are nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State.

5.3 Conclusions

Based on the findings of this study, the researcher made the following conclusion.

The factors which associated with work related-strain and stress among nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State includes: working period in the profession, workload, operating conditions, role duality, use of sophisticated technologies, and attitude of patients.
The extent work related-strain and stress affects the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State is high.
Other factors which can improve the job satisfaction of nurses working in selected health facilities in Oyo State includes: adequate remuneration, promotion, effective supervision/coaching, administration of adequate fringe benefits, contingent rewards, and healthy operating conditions.

5.4 Recommendations

Based on the findings of the study, the following recommendations are proffered.

Employing Bachelor and Master degree in Nursing Sciences with achieving their desire in working at mental health hospitals.
Improving the payment and incentives for nurses working in mental hospitals to keep nurses from turnover or change the setting of work, and to encourage the newly graduate nurses to join in these places.
Implementing excessive training courses inside and outside country for nurses working in psychiatric hospitals. This is to increase or at least maintain their skills which increases satisfaction and decreases job stress.
Deepening coordination between the Ministry of Health and Higher Education to achieve hospitals requirements about Master and Bachelor degrees in nursing, and number of nurses in psychiatric nursing.
Adding stress management programmes in syllabus of nursing education to make them manage their own stress in the future.
Adopting effective relaxation programs and strategies to reduce amount of job stress. Thus, this will increase job satisfaction which will be reflected on patient care quality.
Documenting the source and the extent of stress in any health care unit or organization is essential for successful interventions.

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