Assessment Of Psychosocial Effects Of Stress Among Nurses And Midwives In General Hospital Sabon Tasha
Assessment Of Psychosocial Effects Of Stress Among Nurses And Midwives In General Hospital Sabon Tasha
Abstract
Occupational stress can no longer be considered an occasional, personal problem to be remedied with palliatives. It is becoming an increasingly global phenomenon, affecting all categories of workers, all workplaces and all countries of which nurses of General Hospital are not exceptional. In line with such an approach, this research is aimed at accessing the psychosocial effects of stress among nurses and midwives in general hospital Sabon Tasha. Data for the study was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. A sample size of 70 nurses was selected using systematic random sampling method.
Empirical results from the data indicate that workload, Conflict among colleagues and supervisors are other major causes of stress in nurses at General Hospital. It was established from the research that stress affects output, quality of work which leads to client dissatisfaction of nurses. Therefore, stress has negative relation with the performance of nurses.
Table of Content
- Title Page
- Certification
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of Content
- List of Tables
- Abstract
Chapter One:
Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the Study
- 1.2 Statement of the Problem
- 1.3 Objective of the Study
- 1.4 Research Questions
- 1.5 Research Hypothesis
- 1.6 Significance of the Study
- 1.7 Scope of the Study
- 1.8 Limitation of the Study
- 1.9 Definition of Terms
- 1.10 Organisations of the Study
Chapter Two:
Review of Literature
- 2.1 Conceptual Framework
- 2.2 Theoretical Framework
- 2.3 Empirical Review
Chapter Three:
Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Population of the Study
- 3.3 Sample Size Determination
- 3.4 Sample Size Selection Technique and Procedure
- 3.5 Research Instrument and Administration
- 3.6 Method of Data Collection
- 3.7 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.8 Validity of the Study
- 3.9 Reliability of the Study
- 3.10 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four:
Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Data Presentation
- 4.2 Analysis of Data
- 4.3 Answering Research Questions
- 4.4 Test of Hypotheses
- 4.5 Interpretation of Result
Chapter Five:
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
- 5.1 Summary
- 5.2 Conclusion
- 5.3 Recommendation
- References
- APPENDIX
- QUESTIONNAIRE
Chapter One
Introduction
1.1 Background to the Study
In recent times, there has been a growing belief that the experience of stress at work has unwelcome effects, both on the health and safety of workers and on the health and effectiveness of their organizations (Payne, 2001). This belief has been reflected not only in public and media interest, but also in increasing concern voiced by the trades unions and by scientific and professional organizations, including the International Labor Office. Particular concern has been expressed for the effects of stress on health-care professionals and, in particular, on nurses. He concluded that nursing is, by its very nature, a “stressful” profession. In a similar vein, Harris (2001) observed that every day the nurse confronted with grief, stark suffering, and death as few other individuals do. A lot of nursing tasks are unrewarding and mundane. Many are, by normal standards, disgusting and distasteful. Some are simply frightening, others are often degrading. It is barely amazing that nurses, faced by such tasks and events, have been detailed to experience high intensities of stress, and their difficulties emerge to be further worsened by a range of organizational matters increasingly accepted as being active in the stress process.
Stress has been grouped as a stimulus or antecedent, as a response or consequence, and as an interaction. It has been deliberated from many diverse perspectives. For instance, Smith et al (2001) anticipated a physiological evaluation that supports considering the connection between stress and illness. On the contrary, Cox and Griffiths (1996) argued that a psychological view in which stress is has a particular relationship between the person and the environment.
Menzies (1960) recognized four sources of nervousness among nurses: decision making, patient care, taking responsibility, and change. The nurse‟s responsibility has long been considered as stress-filled based upon the human suffering, physical labor, work hours, interpersonal relationships and staffing that are vital to the work nurses do. However, in the last three decade the work stress of nurses‟ have been rising due to the increasing use of technology, continuing going up in health care costs and unrest in the work environment.
Stress is a common and costing setback in today’s working environment. Smith et al (2001) indicated that majority of workers report high intensities of stress and are associated with considerable rises in health service utilization. He also indicated that stress is the main cause of labor turnover, absenteeism, conflict and accidents in any organization. It is against this background that this study seeks to assess the effect of stress on performance of nurses at the General Hospital Birnin Kebbi, one of the leading hospitals in Northern Nigeria.
1.2 statement of the Problem
Work stress threatens the wellbeing of organizations and employees’ performance (Musyoka, et al., 2012). The issue is becoming a serious problem for many organizations due to organization cost and other negative effects towards organizations and employees’ performance (AL-Omar, 2003). Azizolla, et al. (2013) state that work stress exists when people experienced difficulties in coping with the demands relating to work and when sense of wellbeing is jeopardized. According to Kazmi, et al. (2008) health sector is an inherently stressful work setting with long working hours, ethical dilemmas, difficult patients and incompatible demands. Health sector in Nigeria is among of the sectors which are affected by the said problem. Therefore, it is not exempted from the said consequences. There is however a paucity of research evidence as to whether work stress affects the performance of health workers in Nigeria in general, but Birnin Kebbi General Hospital in particular. It is in this respect that this study aims at assessing the nurses performance, assessing the extent of work stress among nurses and evaluates the relationship between work stress and nurses performance
1.3 Objective of the Study
The main objective of this study is to examine the psychosocial effects of stress among nurses and midwives in general hospital Sabon Tasha.
Specifically, we aim to:
- Examine some of the causes of stress among nurses at General Hospital
- Determine the effect of stress on the performance of nurses at General Hospital
- Evaluate the the Rate/frequency of Stress among nurses
- Examine the Management of stress on nurses in General Hospital
- Evaluate the Relationship between stress and performance of nurses in General Hospital
1.4 Research Question
The questions that the study will seek to be answered are;
- What are some of the causes of stress among nurses at General Hospital?
- What is the effect of stress on the performance of nurses at General Hospital?
- What is the Rate/frequency of Stress among nurses?
- What is the Management of stress on nurses in General Hospital?
- What is the Relationship between stress and performance of nurses in General Hospital?
1.5 Significance of the Study
Nurses are the cornerstone of the nation‟s health care industry, they do not only offer care and comfort, but also serve as role models for good health care. There is therefore adequate justification to study the Psychosocial Effects Of Stress Among Nurses And Midwives In General Hospital Sabon Tasha. Such study will help the nurses to identify the causes of their stress and how to manage it and be able to deliver well to increase their performance.
1.6 Scope of the Study
The study has two limitations concerning the findings. First, the study area of this research was a public hospital and even so only one public hospital represented all nurses. Secondly, this study cover nurses of the chosen hospital where by other medical staffs like laboratory technician, therapists, and administrators’ at the study area were not included. This suggests that the findings of this study would be limit at nurses of the General Hospital Sabon Tasha only. There could be regional/cultural specific factors which may make results of this study specific to either the hospital characteristics or region’s culture and geographic location. A study with wider coverage of hospitals in the whole country would be able to mitigate the potential effects of these limitations.
1.7 Limitation of the Study
This research work is specifically on the Psychosocial Effects Of Stress Among Nurses And Midwives In General Hospital Sabon Tasha. In the limitation on research work of this magnitude or nature can be carried out without limitation. Hence, during the course, certain constraints were encountered.
Cost:
The cost of thorough research is not what can be afforded by a student. The prices of materials needed for this work has gone up and transport fee has also gone up.
Time:
The time was one of the limitations in the process of carrying out this research work.
Scarcity of Literature:
The research encountered some problems in collection of literature especially on the bank History and operations. This are hindered the smooth running of this work.
1.8 Definition of Terms
Stress:
Stress is the wear and tear of our body experienced as are adjust to continually changed environment.
Stress Management:
This can be define as various effort to control and reduce the tension that occurs in stressful situation.
Employee:
This is either skilled or unskilled individual who is assured to be economically gesture, and he/she is employed for some form is reward.
Work Environment:
This is the organizational arrangement of the work situation, which has a high impact on the employee.
Performance:
This is the degree of effectiveness in utilizing the facilities of production, especially in labour and material.
Destructive Stress:
This is the stress that acts in a dysfunctional way for both individual and the organization.
1.9 Organization of the Study
The rest of the dissertation is organized as follows: Chapter two discusses related studies. The chapter covers definitions of terms, theories, empirical studies, research gap, conceptual frame work and summary. Chapter three presents the research methodology adopted by the study. Chapter four presents and discusses the study findings while chapter five provides conclusions and recommendations
Chapter Five
Summary, Conclusion and Recommendation
5.1 Summary
In this study, our focus was on the assessment of the psychosocial effects of stress among nurses and midwives in general hospital Sabon Tasha. The study is was specifically carried out to examine some of the causes of stress among nurses at General Hospital, determine the effect of stress on the performance of nurses at General Hospital, evaluate the the Rate/frequency of Stress among nurses, examine the Management of stress on nurses in General Hospital, and evaluate the relationship between stress and performance of nurses in General Hospital.
The study adopted the survey research design and randomly enrolled participants in the study. A total of 70 responses were validated from the enrolled participants where all respondent were nurses and midwives in general hospital Sabon Tasha, Kaduna State.
5.2 Conclusion
Based on the findings of this study, the researcher concluded that;
- Workload, conflict among colleagues and supervisors, role duality, exposure to infectious diseases, time pressure, unfairness and discrimination, and use of sophisticated technologies, are the major causes of stress among nurses at General Hospital.
- Stress has numerous effect on the performance of nurses at General Hospital, which include; stress affects output, stress affects service quality, stress affects clients’ satisfaction, and stress affects nurses commitment level.
- The rate/frequency of Stress among nurses is high.
- There are different strategies for managing stress among nurses in General Hospital, the strategies include; breathing sessions within daily routines, dressing comfortably, meditation, engaging in exercises, catnap, and exploring therapy.
- There is a negative relationship between stress and performance of nurses in General Hospital.
5.3 Recommendation
Based on the responses obtained, the researcher proffers the following recommendations:
- Continuing education and staff development should be promoted. Increased skill training, even for those personnel who are more experienced, pays by leading to a reduction in levels of stress, turnover and better performance.
- The manager should endeavour to increase her observational skills in order to detect increased stress levels or signs of burnout among her personnel in the early stages and in order to identify the sources of stress and to reduce or eliminate them.
- Policies that reduce stress from shift work should be developed. These could include reducing the number of hours of the night shift, increasing rest time between shifts, providing adequate meal times, and providing a fair distribution of weekend and holiday work.
- A health care support programme for employees suffering from problems with substance abuse, weight, diabetes, or hypertension is helpful.
- Nutritional support should be considered for employees, including weight control classes with group support and follow-up, and information regarding the calorie, sodium, and cholesterol content of food.
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Frequently Asked Questions
How do midwives deal with work-related stress and burnout?
Factors that may influence midwives work-related stress and burnout The impact of years in the profession, shifts worked, how many women with multiple psychosocial issues were included in their workload and the midwife’s level of exercise significantly affected how these midwives dealt with burnout and provided care for women.
How much do you know about work stress in nursing?
Despite lacking absolute clarity, there is a body of research addressing work stress that spans more than 50 years in the nursing profession. Stress is pervasive in nursing and health care. Moreover, working conditions seem to be deteriorating at the same time that a severe and protracted nursing shortage is occurring.
Do managers cause job stress in nursing?
Similarly, in a qualitative study of 50 nurses conducted in England, managers were identified as a direct cause of stress.89Finally, responses from 611 RNs on 50 inpatient nursing units in four southeastern U.S. hospitals showed that group cohesion was higher and job stress lower when nurse managers used a more participative management style.
How anxious are nurses and midwives?
Nurses and midwives were scored 52.75 ± 9.80 for State Anxiety, 44.87 ± 7.92 for Trait Anxiety Inventory and 35.16 ± 9.42 for Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale.
