Assessment Of Infrastructural Facilities, Planning And Management (A Case Study Of Barikin Sale, Kpakungu And Saukahuta In Minna)

Assessment Of Infrastructural Facilities, Planning And Management (A Case Study Of Barikin Sale, Kpakungu And Saukahuta In Minna)

Abstract

Enhancing the standard of living in a community through the provision of infrastructural faculties can never be overemphasized; thus all the three ties of government in Nigeria have brought onto the front burner as “dividends of democracy”. However, despite the importance attached to the provision of these facilities, both urban and rural areas in Nigeria are lacking or are not adequately served by these facilities thereby leading to some socio-economic, health and environmental challenges. This project therefore sets out to aim examine the implications of poor infrastructural planning and management on the general environment of some randomly selected neighborhoods in the case study. Which can be achieve through the following objectives to determine the concept and identifying the available infrastructural facilities in the study area, to sustainability and level of maintenance in the study area both primary and secondary source of data collection through the administration questionnaire, personal interview and journals of infrastructural appraisal was employed to obtain useful data for the study. The data obtained from the field was thereafter analyzed and presented using descriptive statistics. The result of the research revealed that problems like erosion, indiscriminate waste disposal, deterioration of housing quality and ailments like malaria and typhoid are rife in the study areas. These were attributed to earth of basic infrastructural facilities in the selected neighborhoods. To this end, the project research work recommended the development of infrastructural development master plan that will serve as a policy framework to guide and address all the problems faced by government agencies charged with the responsibilities of providing and maintaining infrastructural facilities.

Key words: Infrastructural, Facility, Planning, Management, Urban, Facilities management

Table of Contents

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title Page
• Declaration
• Approval
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of Content

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

• 1.1 Background of the Study
• 1.2 Statement of the Problem
• 1.3 Aim and Objectives
• 1.4 Significance of the Study
• 1.5 Research Questions
• 1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study
• 1.7 Area of the Study
• 1.8 Definition of Terms

Chapter Two

2.0 Literature Review

• 2.1 Infrastructure
• 2.2 Types of Infrastructure
• 2.3 Functions of Infrastructure
• 2.4 Urban
• 2.4.1 Urban Growth
• 2.4.2 Urbanization
• 2.4.3 Rate of Urbanization
• 2.4.4 Urban Infrastructure
• 2.4.5 Infrastructural Design and construction
• 2.5 Maintenance of Infrastructure
• 2.5.1 Types of Maintenance
• 2.5.2 Maintenance Policy
• 2.5.3 Maintenance Standards
• 2.5.4 GIS Infrastructure Management
• 2.6 Planning
• 2.6.1 Strategic Planning
• 2.7 Management
• 2.7.1 Function of Management
• 2.8 Government Policies and Programme in Provision and Management of Infrastructure in Niger State, Nigeria
• 2.9 The role of Infrastructure in the Actualization of Scio-Economic Development in a Society

Chapter Three

3.0 Research Methodology

• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Research Design
• 3.3 Population of the Study
• 3.4 Sampling Size
• 3.5 Sample Frame Techniques
• 3.6 Sources of Data
• 3.7 Problems Encountered
• 3.8 Method of Data Analysis

Chapter Four

4.0 Data Presentation, Analysis and Interpretation

• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Identification of Infrastructural Facilities Available in the Study Area

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary of Findings Conclusion and Recommendations

• 5.1 Findings
• 5.2 Conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendations
• References
• Appendix

Chapter One

1.0 Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

The growth and development of human settlement has long been considered as an integral part of human civilization and existence, thus the need to effectively ensure their life ability and sustainability through the provision of basic infrastructural facilities.

Ensuring the sustainability of the development of human settlement multifaceted as observed by the United Nation conference on Human settlement Habitat II and agenda 21 respectively (Usman, 2013). One of the critical components of ensuring this is through the provision of an effective and management of infrastructure facilities and services available in a given community.

Infrastructure according to Collin English dictionary (2003) are basic facilities and services, installations such as transportation and communications systems, water, power lines and public institution needed for the functioning of a country or societies.

Craven (2014) also viewed infrastructure as a term use by Architects, Engineers and urban planners to describe essential facilities, services and organizational organogram for cities and communities.

Obateru (2005) those facilities are of two categories: we have physical, which constitutes transportation and public utilities like electricity, water and gas supplies, sewage and drainage as well as social facilities which are synonymous with community facilities like education and service have to be considered as public goods (Watts, 2009) thus, the need for them to be provided by governments through the public – private partnership.

Owing to this, the federal government of Nigeria has a way of addressing the challenges of dearth of infrastructural facilities, developed and adopted (at different time) policies and programme like the National Economic empowerment and Development Strategies (NEEDS).

Local empowerment and environment management programme (LEEMP) vision 20:2020, 7 point agenda, transformation agenda etc. are all geared toward urban and rural development through the provision of infrastructures environmental sustainability which given rise for boosting the socio-economic indices of the country. In spite the efforts of all the three tiers of government commonest features of Nigerian towns today is obvious in dilapidated, total or near absence of major basic infrastructure where streets and road are natural dirt tracks or path which may be difficult to pass.

Another problem is poor or ineffective sewage disposal and water supply systems (Jawardo and Zee, 1985) and (Iyun, 1994). Niger state economic empowerment and development strategist document (NEEDs, 2004) reveal some of the reason why the provision of infrastructural in cities has become a challenge. The reason includes, construction, inflated construct, bribery, embezzlement, wasteful expenditure, division of funds, payment of goods and services not supplied and wrong attitude towards public, funds, not instating on value for money as it done in private transactions.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

There are numerous infrastructural facilities in the study are which are in poor shape and bad condition which has become a major challenges been faced by the inhabitant in term of their socio-economic and physical wellbeing in the studyarea.

The problems associated with the study areas are as follows:

1. Bad and in-accessibility of road network
2. Poor drainage system
3. Irregular electricity supply
4. Lack of government designated waste disposal faculties.

1.3 Aim and Objectives

This research work is aimed at the assessment of infrastructural facilities management. In order to achieve the state aim, the following objectives

1. To examine the theoretical concept of infrastructural facilities in the study areas
2. To identify the available infrastructural facilities in the study areas.
3. To access the condition and the role of infrastructural facility management in the study area
4. To examine the level of maintenance of the infrastructural facilities in the study areas

1.4 Significance of the Study

1. This study will help to articulate the philosophy behind the idea (concept) of facilities management in the study areas.
2. The study will educate properties and future managers of the best infrastructural facilities management operations.
3. It will also provide data for further research in this field and those that are likely to spring up in the future
4. It will also provide data for further research in this field and also add to the existing body of knowledge in the sphere of infrastructural facilities management.

1.5 Research Questions

1. What are the available infrastructural facilities in the study areas?
2. What is the condition of those facilities in the study area?
3. What are the level of maintenance of the infrastructural facilities in the study area?

Hypothesis Testing

• H1: Assessment of proper infrastructural facilities and management in residential properties
• HO: Assessment of improper infrastructural facilities and management in residential properties

1.6 Scope and Limitation of the Study

The scope of this project work cover the state and condition of the infrastructural facilities in the study areas like road, water supply, drainage, waste disposal and electricity supply in some selected areas in Minna town like Saukakahuta, Barikin Sale and Kpakungu.

Just like any other research work, I encounter numerous obstacles and discouragement during the course of carrying out this project work and those includes:-

1. The uncooperative posture of some officials in releasing information which they claims are guided by official secrecy art and they will commemorate a long bureaucracy to be followed before permission.
2. User’s opinion on the level of satisfaction of facilities management in the area was not carried out successfully. This is because most users were not around to give the necessary information needed.
3. The dearth useful and researchable text books, magazines, journals etc on the infrastructural facilities management. This is because facilities management is relatively new.

1.7 Area of the Study

From the theoretical point view, Minna is the headquarter of Chanchaga local government. The word Minna is gotten from the Gbagyi language “Myina” which means “to spread fire”.

The cultural root was anchored in annual spiritual festival which use to be celebrated in the front of the chief resident on the top ofpaida hill. This further entailsthat the original dwellers than are the shako people which were as well known as the Gbagyi people in the state capital

The modern history of the present Minna can be traced back from the year 1950, when railway line was extended from Baro. The development attracted professionals, technicians, laborers, traders etc. to the town. Some of them settled permanently while other settled between Minna and other towns for trading purpose.

Niger state was created in the year 1976 by the then former head of state General Murtala Ramat Mohammed. Minna as a place has being in existence right from the creation of the state in the year 1976 and it has been the stat capital and also the headquarter of Chanchaga local government and it has maintain its statue as Minna municipal council with all administrative and fundamental environment of a full pledge local government. Minna consist of various ethnics and prominent groups among them were the Gwaris, Nupes,Kambari, Kadara and Hausa ethnics, and also some other tribes which settles in Minna from different part of the country like the Yoruba’s, Igbo’s, Tivs and foreigners who also settle in Minna. Minna the state capital of Niger state is heterogonous and African in term of the occupational domain of various communities, a system of predominant activities existing which makes it possible to identify a particular area with a particular land use place such as Tunga, Bosso, and Kpakungu are predominantly residential land use. While area like Mobile is a commercial centers.

Location

Minna is extended from thenorth by its boundary with Bosso local government at 8km from the center of Minna town (Obsanjo Shopping Complex roundabout). It is bond on the cast by boos extended south and west. The city lies on latitude 90 37N and 600 33E on geography base of differential basement complex rock of mainly quiet and magnitudes situated at the base of prominent hills in an undulating plain.

Climate

The typical climate of the middle both zone of Nigeria is a good reflection of Minna climate; with training season which settles around April to October. The mean is high in the month of December to March.

Population and People

Niger State has an estimated population of three million, nine hundred and fifty thousand, two hundred and forty-nine (3,950,249) people as at the last census conducted in 2006. Although Hausa is the most widely spoken language in Minna.

Agriculture

Minna, Niger state is obviously having one of the largest fertile agricultural land in the country. Although due to level of commercial activities in Minna, the agricultural activities has also helped in the commercial activates because most of the populace are engage in other commercial farming or subsistence farming.

Commerce and Industry

Despite the availability of large expanded of land with its fertility production, commerce and industries has been on its lowest stand in the state. However, there is evidence of construction industries especially from the late 90s to the present which have quite undertaken enormous stride in putting up of infrastructure and other civil structures inform of housing needs. The existing industries are immigrant pure water facilities etc.

Religion

The majority of the inhabitant of Minna local government are the Gbagyi, Nupes and Hausa and are predominately Muslims by religion.

Educational Facilities

Minna is blessed with modern educational institutions apart of numerous public and primary schools, Minna is blessed with tertiary institution like Federal Universityof Technology, Niger state college of Education, School of Mid-wifery, and School of health.

1.8 Definition of Terms

1. Infrastructure:

According to Donald (2000) look at infrastructure a bites a physical structure and facilities that are developed of acquired by public agencies to house government function and provide water, power, waste disposal etc. Infrastructural refers to structure, system and facilities sorting the economy at a business, industry, country, city, town or area including the services and facilities necessary for its economic function.

2. Planning:

According to Encyclopedia defined planning as the process of thinking about and organizing the activities required to achieve a desired goal. Planning can also involves the creation and maintenance of place, such as psychological aspect that require conceptual skills.

3. Management:

According to Mariam Webster’s dictionary defines management as the act or skills of controlling and making decision about a business, department, sport team etc.

4. Urban:

This is the total number of people minimum of 2000 according to United Kingdom.

5. Facility:

Facility is described by Undechukwu C. E. (2008) as anything built, purchased or installed to make operations easier or to serve a special purpose. For example, a hostel (building), built for the use of students may be regarded as a facility.

6. Facilities Management:

This is the integration of multi-disciplinary activities within the built-environment and the management of their impact upon people and the work place. It also means providing maintenance, support project management and user management during the building life cycle.

Chapter Five

5.0 Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

This project research work was entered to expand on certain issues relating to the appraisal of infrastructural planning and management of available facilities in urban area of Minna in the proceeding chapters.

All attempts are made in this chapter to giveall-encompassing summary of findings in order to make a practicable recommendations on the conclusion and of the research work.

5.1 Findings

The finding of this research work are briefly summarized as follows:

1. The study apparently revealed that there is an appropriable level of access to water supply in the selected neighborhood in the sty areas.
2. This study revealed that there is no problem of stress in the study area since large proportion of the residents has access to water supply.
3. The study also reveal resident in the study area are within water range which is evidence of adequate water supply following the world stand of 20m distance to source of water supply.
4. The study apparently reveals from the assessment there is adequate planning and management of water supply in the study area.
5. Generally, the study shows that it is obvious that the study area has poor planning and management of solid waste infrastructure like Kpakungu which manifest tow forms which include dirty environment and increase health problem.
6. The study reveals most of the facilities are provided by government such as drainage and waste disposal cert but are not properly managed which had to poor sanitary environment.
7. The study apparently reveal that most of the study areas are connected to PHCN but it is not regular.
8. The study reveal that most of the facilities are in bad state due to the following reasons apart from water and electricity
   • Poor maintenance
   • Over use of faculties
   • Insufficient number provided as compared to the numbers of users.
9. The also reveal that, there are normally traffic connection and accidents experienced mostly in Kpakungu.
10. The study generally revealed the assessment of drainage infrastructure in Minna, cores areas, shows that drainage facilities are provided either the government or indicial but are not properly managed which lead to poor sanitary condition.

5.2 Conclusion

The role of infrastructural facilities planning and management on the life of the individual or communities cannot be over emphasized. This is in accordance with the benefits accurate to socio-economic and physical development culminates to socio-cultural wellbeing of my society.

Therefore, the role of urban and regional planned survey are large, important, the provision and maintenance of urban infrastructures would help in developing a habitable human settle. But in spite of the fact that the study area have “carved a niche” for themselves to provide some of these facilities. There is still a need to improve on the existing facilities through sustained investment by the government and private investor planning and management of urban infrastructure in the selected neighborhood.

5.3 Recommendations

The development of an effective and sustainable solution to the challenges of planning and management of infrastructures does not only centered on the haphazard provision of these facilities by the government agencies, but rather in the development of an infrastructural master plan for communities and cities, massive investment in this infrastructure by both the public and private enterprises owing to these. The following measures are recommended.

1. Provision of urban infrastructural development master plan, that will serve as a policy framework guide and address all the problem faced but government agencies charges with the responsibilities of providing and maintain infrastructural facilities.
2. The development of legal and policy framework that would facilitate the participation of the private sector I the planning and maintenance of infrastructural facilities on sustainable basis should be put in place
3. The establishment of state – owned urban development bank to as it private investors in complementing the state government efforts in the provision and maintenance of these facilities.
4. The word development project should be supported increased budgetary allocation by the state government.
5. Educating the people of all spheres of life through all means available on the need to maintain those infrastructural facilities, available problems free which can be achieved through radio, television, newspaper and magazines.
6. Proper implementation of pass policies, laws and remedies to the fullest so as to attain a reasonable level of sustainable development in a society.

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