Appraisal Of Building Maintenance Practice Among Landlords

Appraisal Of Building Maintenance Practice Among Landlords

Abstract

The study is appraisal of building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger central senatorial zone of Niger state. The specific purposes of the study were to find out the importance of building maintenance among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District, find out the responsibilities of landlords and the rights of tenants in building maintenance practice in Niger Central Senatorial District and determine the factors affecting building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District, e.t.c. Three research questions were designed and used to guide this study. The sample population of the study is 30. The study adopted descriptive survey research design and the area of the study is Niger central senatorial zone.

The test retest method was used to establish the reliability of the instrument. Based on the findings, recommendations were made which include that; There is need for good preventive maintenance through regular inspections to avoid breakdowns and repairs, which costs more, There is need for public awareness on the danger of lack of maintenance and the advantages of good maintenance, Laws enforcing every occupant to carry out proper maintenance should be enacted and agencies to enforce the law should be established, In order to avoid the use of sub-standard materials as an alternative to the high cost of good quality materials, there should be a research into how the government can help with the local building materials industries in the country to survive.

Table Of Content

Preliminary Page(s)

• Title page
• Certification page
• Dedication
• Acknowledgement
• Abstract
• Table of content

Chapter One

Introduction:

• 1.1 Background of the study
• 1.2 Statement of the problem
• 1.3 Purpose of the study
• 1.4 Significance of the study
• 1.5 Research Questions
• 1.6 Scope / limitations of the study
• 1.7 Definition of term

Chapter Two

Literature Review

• 2.1 Classification of maintenance of buildings and infrastructures
• 2.2 Planned maintenance
• 2.3 Objectives of maintenance of buildings and infrastructure on the economy
• 2.4 Functions of maintenance
• 2.5 The economic and social significance of maintenance of buildings and infrastructural facilities.
• 2.6 Maintenance of infrastructural facilities
• 2.7 Maintenance of building fabrics
• 2.8 Maintenance policy framework
• 2.9 Execution of maintenance works
• 2.10 Maintenance planning and programming
• 2.11 maintenance programming
• 2.12 Administration of maintenance programme
• 2.13 Maintenance manual
• 2.14 Maintenance cycle

Chapter Three

Methodology

• 3.1 Research design
• 3.2 Population of study
• 3.3 Sample size/sampling technique
• 3.4 Method of data collection
• 3.5 Method of data analysis

Chapter Four

Presentation and Analysis of Data

• 4.1 Presentation of data
• 4.2 Test of hypothesis
• 4.3 Conclusion:

Chapter Five

Summary of Findings, Conclusion and Recommendations

• 5.1 Summary of findings
• 5.2 conclusion
• 5.3 Recommendations
• References

Chapter One

Introduction

1.1 Background of the Study

Over the years, there has been increasing abandonment of houses and infrastructural facilities in Niger central Senatorial District which has led to the dilapidation, degradation and deterioration of buildings and infrastructural structures. Recently there has been a lot of research investigations and analyse which points unshakably to the fact that certain factors such as client’s perception, cost of maintenance works, unskilled maintenance technicians, lack of Building Maintenance policy, Government legislations not being properly enacted, inability to prepare and follow maintenance schedules are direct causes of neglect which lead to dilapidations and deterioration of building structures, Draft National Building Maintenance Policy (2011).

There are also the remote causes of lack of maintenance such as force majeure, cultural problems, state of the economy, the receding global economic meltdown, lack of time and general illiteracy of the occupants of the building or structures and users of the facilities.

However, there has also been growth in the significance of building maintenance as a proportion of the output of the construction industry which takes place against a backdrop of mounting pressure on new building activity and a growing awareness of the need to manage the condition of the nation’s building and infrastructure more effectively, Draft National Building Maintenance Policy (2011).

Though, it is still the case that such maintenance activity takes place in a context that does not create a fully integrated approach to managing building performance and thus the full potential of many buildings and infrastructures are never wholly realized. Basically in virtually all the areas of Niger Central Senatorial District, buildings and infrastructural facilities are gradually and systematically decaying, dilapidating and deteriorating with reduced or no degree of maintenance programme and activity.

A lot of research have been done in regard to maintenance and management of low income housing especially controlled tenancy, but little emphasis has been laid to maintenance practice among landlords which is key to the overall management of the houses.

From a normal visual perception in the urban metropolis, it can be noted that majority of the constructed buildings both private and public, road network, water supply systems, sanitary and drainage systems, transmission poles and electricity lines, sign posts and route location posts are deteriorated and badly in need of maintenance. The lack of maintenance of these buildings and infrastructures negatively affects the populace which thus affects the output of the working class, capacity of the populace is thus lost, time value for achievement of goals and objectives minimized, it also causes all forms of ill-health and psychological effects thereby reducing the economic growth of the nation. Therefore, this study will appraise Building Maintenance Practice among Landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District.

1.2 Statement of the Problem

The primary aim of maintaining a building and its environment is to ensure that the building continues to serve its purpose for which it was intended, yield optimum return and ensuring safety, health and comfort in its usage. Management of housing and infrastructure in required continuous source of funding for provision of services such as garbage collection, lawn mowing, street lighting, cleaning and maintenance of ablution blocks, roads and drainage systems, sewer problems, security and care takers in the estates, without which the shared facilities become dilapidated, prompting for much more on cost of renovations. The rent collected is barely enough for the houses to be regularly maintained let alone the shared facilities.

Failure of the landlords to quickly restructure buildings raised the emerging challenges that require a study to be conducted. Therefore, this study, “Appraisal of Building Maintenance Practice among Landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District” so as to ensure better building maintenance and improve the life-span of the buildings by pointing out the various challenges of property management and to enlighten people on the need to have a policy or law that will govern the maintenance of buildings and infrastructures within Niger Central Senatorial District.

1.3 Purpose of the Study

The main objective of the study is to conduct a survey of Appraisal of Building Maintenance Practice among Landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District and come out with some basic information on this study below:

1. Find out the importance of building maintenance among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District.
2. Find out the responsibilities of landlords and the rights of tenants in building maintenance practices in Niger Central Senatorial District.
3. Determine the factors affecting building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District, e.t.c.

1.4 Significance of the Study

The study, “Appraisal of Building Maintenance Practice among Landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District”. Will make contributions in the following areas:

1. It will help Niger State Government to find a way of providing good policies for building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District.
2. It will enhance the landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District to be acquainted with skills for building maintenance practice in Niger Central Senatorial District.
3. It will also enable landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District to clearly understand in the areas of Appraisal of Building Maintenance Practices among themselves.
4. It will also enable the tenants to clearly know their rights regarding to maintenance in Niger Central Senatorial District.

1.5 Research Questions

This study tends to answer the following research questions:

1. What are the importance of building maintenance among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District?
2. What are the responsibilities of landlords and the rights of tenants in building maintenance practice in Niger Central Senatorial District?
3. What are the factors affecting building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District?

1.6 Scope / Limitations of the Study

This study is intended to make an appraisal on building maintenance practice among landlords in Niger Central Senatorial District. It is limited to making findings about maintenance practice in building within Niger Central Senatorial District.

1.7 Definition of term

Maintenance:

Is the controlling the condition of a building so that its pattern lies within specified regions

Technicians:

Policy: course of action

Activity:

Action or motion

Safety:

Well being

Building:

An edifice, construction or structure

Practice:

Carry out

Landlords:

The owner of a house of building

Responsibilities:

Everyday duties or task

Tenants:

Person or individuals who rent or lease a house

Chapter Five

Summary Of Findings, Conclusion And Recommendations

5.1 Summary Of Findings

Having presented and analyzed the data extracted from the questionnaires, interviews and personal observations, some principal findings, conclusion and recommendations could be made.

The building Facilities compliment their functions at a very low extent. The building Facilities used for production are either sub – standard or performing under capacity thereby reducing the quantity and quality of products, which is one of the reasons consumers, opt for foreign commodities. The basic building Facilities provided are either out of use or performing poorly, these include the air – conditioners, telephones, generators/plants etc.

Though there is an above average affirmation of residential building maintenance by landlords in the selected manufacturing industries, but a further probe into the effectiveness of management showed a very high degree of poor residential building maintenance by landlords. Further enquires made during the oral interviews revealed that effective residential building maintenance by landlords depends on the overall maintenance by landlords policy of each residence. Besides, there is poor or lack of good maintenance by landlords culture in Nigeria, organizations are reactive instead of proactive .

Some other interviewees mentioned inadequate finance, Lack of modern automation and skilled personnel as reasons for poor residential building maintenance by landlords.

Building Facilities users (production staff/machineries operators, distributors and consumers) requirements are not satisfied. Most requests are not met and bureaucracy often stands on the way of building Facilities users requirement satisfaction efforts. It also has a direct effect on attitude to work and level of production.

Most of the manufacturing industries sampled affirmed that their building Facilities are not fully modern automated. modern technology is not being used in all production stages. There is still a high degree of manual operation. Interviews conducted revealed that some of these manufacturing industries sometimes import sophisticated machines to improve production but due to Lack of competent professionals to operate them they pack up and are abandoned.

Oral interviews revealed that most organizations that have residential building maintenance by landlords in place make use of in-house maintenance by landlords which is handled by technicians. Further enquires showed that they opted for in – house maintenance by landlords because they felt it is cheaper and would minimize cost in the long run. Those who make use of in-house/outsource said they use the latter when the former fails or when complex maintenance by landlords works that needs special professionals need to be carried out.

5.2 Conclusion

Residential building maintenance by landlords as a discipline has stood its test and gained ground in the developed western world and is most likely to succeed in our economy. It is most required now to correct our present poor maintenance by landlords culture. An effective residential building maintenance policy is indicated by the extent to which the requirements of the users, staff and owners are met. These are reflected on the physical, aesthetic condition of the facility, its functionality in performing its basic services and the ability of building Facilities maintenance or management team to overcome challenges that constrain them. Residential building maintenance need to be proactive, flexible, adapting to changes in a continuous changing world. There is need for all the various professionals relevant in residential building maintenance to work together to handle the enormous task ahead of them instead of engaging in inter – disciplinary wars for who is the right profession to handle residential building maintenance.

5.3 Recommendations

Having concluded that problems of residential building maintenance constitute constrains to effective residential building maintenance in manufacturing industries the following remedies are recommended.

1. Adequate Budgetary Provisions

An organizations management should have clear goals and objectives and must plan to operate within its budgetary limits. In order to ensure that maintenance operations are not held up by shortage of funds, budgets must be made with due consideration given to contingencies for unforeseen problems.

This goes a long way in reducing down – time effects. In replacement of outdated and dysfunctional building Facilities and equipment, funds must be expended prudently. There should be no room for corruption and sharp practices. This helps to ensure that budgetary provisions are sufficient.

2. Skilled Personnel

The staff strength of the maintenance crew and engineering departments should be strengthened to enable them cope with the work of keeping the building Facilities in good shape.

This should be backed up with engaging services of special residential building maintenance consultants when the need arises to handle special or complex building Facilities. Management should invest in staff training and sponsoring programs, which will contribute to competence in executing tasks. All the maintenance staff must be proficient and professionals in their different fields.

3. Material Procurement

The procurement of materials for building Facilities maintenance might entail importation of components from abroad. The building Facilities and equipments might also be so out-modeled and obsolete that it would be impossible to get spare parts of the components. In designing building Facilities all these should be taken into consideration.
Alternative equipment with readily available spare parts and components should be installed so that maintainability is enhanced. Design and maintainability should be the watch word right from inception.

4. Level Of Automation

Investment should be made in computers and software packages that are relevant to space and data management. This will enhance management performance and introduce modern technology in tackling residential building maintenance problems. Automation aids the evaluation of performance and monitoring of control operations. It will hasten response to building Facilities problems and save labour – hours thereby reducing operation costs.

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