Adolescent’s Perception Towards Nursing As A Choice Of Career Among S.S.S.3 Student Of Selected Senior Secondary School In Ilorin

Adolescent’s Perception Towards Nursing As A Choice Of Career Among S.S.S.3 Student Of Selected Senior Secondary School In Ilorin
Abstract
This study was carried out to determine adolescent’s perception toward nursing as a career choice among S.S.S 3 students of selected senior secondary schools in Ilorin metropolis. A descriptive design was used in which questionnaire was the instrument for data collection in which 60 questionnaires were distributed among the target population and valid responses was collected from the respondents and analyzed using simple percentages, tables and chi-square. The findings of this study revealed that adolescents demonstrates positive perception towards nursing career and more than average number of adolescents would consider nursing as career. The study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between factors that influence the choice of nursing. The important of the finding is that there should be adequate responses from the concerned to improve on the state of the art of nursing as the provision of quality care to the different segment of population may become a mirage if this is not given the proper attention it deserves.
Table of Content
- Cover page
- Title page
- Certification
- Abstract
- Dedication
- Acknowledgement
- Table of content
- List of content
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
- 1.1 Background of the study
- 1.2 Statement of problem
- 1.3 Objectives of the study
- 1.4 Significant of the study
- 1.5 Research questions
- 1.6 Research hypothesis
- 1.7 Scope of the study
- 1.8 Operational Definition of Terms
Chapter Two
2.0 Literature Review
- 2.1 Adolescent
- 2.2 Nurse
- 2.3 Nursing
- 2.4 Nursing Profession
- 2.5 Nursing as a Career
- 2.6 Nursing as a Great career choice
- 2.7 Nursing Knowledge
- 2.8 Reasons for choosing nursing career
- 2.9 Perception of Nursing
- 2.10 Factors that influence the choice of nursing career
- 2.11 Theoretical frame work
- 2.12 Application to the study
Chapter Three
3.0 Research Methodology
- 3.1 Research Design
- 3.2 Area of Study
- 3.3 Target Population
- 3.4 Sampling Techniques
- 3.5 Determination of Sample Size
- 3.6 Instrument of Data Collection
- 3.7 Validity of Instrument
- 3.8 Reliability of Instrument
- 3.9 Method of Data Collection
- 3.10 Method of Data Analysis
- 3.11 Ethical Consideration
Chapter Four
4.0 Data Presentation and Analysis
- 4.1 Testing of Research Hypothesis
- 4.2 Answering of Research Questions
Chapter Five
5.0 Discussion of Findings
- 5.1 Implication for Nursing
- 5.2 Summary
- 5.3 Conclusion
- 5.4 Recommendation
- 5.5 Limitation of the study
- 5.6 Suggestion for Further studies
- References
- Appendix
List of Tables
- Table 4.1.1 shown distribution age of respondents
- Table 4.1.2 shown sex distribution of the respondents
- Table 4.1.3 shows religion distribution of the respondents
- Table 4.1.4 shows the family background of the respondents
- Table 4.1.5 shows the ethnicity distribution of respondents
- Table 4.1.6 shows the level of education of respondents Parents
- Table 4.1.7 shows respondents parents occupation
- Table 4.1.8 have you heard about nursing profession
- Table 4.1.9 if yes ,where ?
- Table 4.1.10 who is a professional nurse
- Table 4.1.11 in your own opinion who goes for nursing
- Table 4.1.12 where do nurses work
- Table 4.1.13 illustrate perceptions of adolescent on choosing nursing as career.
- Table 4.1.14 who influence you in your choice of career.
- Table 4.1.15 illustrate factors that influence adolescent choice of nursing as career.
- Table 4.2.1 illustrates contingency table for hypothesis
- Table 4.2.2 illustrates calculation for hypothesis
- Table 4.2.3 illustrates contingency table for hypothesis
- Table 4.2.4 illustrates contingency for hypothesis
- Table 4.2.5 illustrates contingency table for hypothesis
- Table 4.2.6 illustrates calculation for hypothesis
Chapter One
1.0 Introduction
1.1 Background of the Study
Nursing is the largest health care profession in the health care context (price et al., 2013), however the shortage of nurse is not a recent phenomenon. Its central significance given the fact that the care permeates every stratum and segment of any parathions, which are elaborate in mature, places them in advantage position to render high quality services to the community (I O M, 2009). The Sustainability of nursing depends on maintaining an equilibrium regarding those that enter and exit the profession. A multidimensional perspective about career choice has to be examined in order to situate the choice of nursing as a career among adolescents become physically and psychologically mature and acquires a personal identity (kozier and erb’s, 2012). Career choice is one the critical decisions adolescents are expected to make as the effective choice will have positive impact on their self- concept development, and fulfillment of one’s life purpose.
Perception is the way in which something is regarded, understood or interpreted (S. Swarna, 2015). It is important to a certain how students perceive nursing to be their career.
Florence nightingale defined nursing nearly 150 years ago as the act of living the environment of the patient to assist him in recovery (kozier and Erb’s, 2013). The philosophy has also been defined by many nursing theorist and nursing associations. Virginal Henderson was one of the first modern nurses is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery (or to a peaceful death) that he will perform unaided if had the necessary strength, will, or knowledge, and to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible (kozier and Erb’s 2012 ).
Choice is one selection or preference: that which is chosen or decided; the out come of a decision (livior 2015.) career is the series of job that a person has in a particular area of work usually involving more responsibility as time passes (oxford, 2010). Career choice is greatly influenced by a number of factors. Parental background and communication between parents and children, interests and role models have be implicated as determining the choice of career (sawihri Etal., 2o12, price, 2009).
Students (knight Etal., 2011) often began investigating career choices, and discussing their future plans in middle school ,and interest have always been the reasons adduced for opting to pick nursing as a career. It was reported that altruising and interest have been identified as reasons for becoming a nurse (ogunyewo)
1.2 Statement of Problem
Nursing is the care profession in health care setting right from onset there is in adequate student enrolment into schools of nursing compared to other institutions like polytechnics or college of education , also student prepare to choose other course like medicine , pharmacy law when compared to the rate at which nursing is chosen as seen in 2016 jamb registration statistics of university of Lagos where7,805 candidates choose medicine, 5,525 candidate choose law, and 2,027 candidates choose pharmacy while only 1,608 candidate choose nursing. These in turn result in inability to maintain sustainability and equilibrium regarding those that enter and have the profession which in turn leads to inadequate nurses in many government hospitals today.
Also adolescent world is characterized by a lot of inconsistencies and contradictions owing to the fact that their decision outcomes are functions of experience, exposure and reasoning which are not as accurate and developed as that of adults, which make career choice for adolescent to be difficult. All the above stated problems motivate the researcher to study the perception of adolescents towards nursing as a career choice deficiency of nurses.
1.3 Objectives of the Study
- To identify the knowledge of adolescent on nursing profession.
- To identify the perception of adolescent in choosing nursing as career
- To identify the factors that influence the adolescent choice of nursing as career
1.4 Significance of Study
This study is design to explore the perception of adolescent on choice of nursing as a career.
The study is of great significance to the researcher, adolescent, nursing profession and the society at large What as stated below.
The outcome of the study will enable the researcher to know the level of understanding of adolescent on nursing profession and the value placed on it by them.
The study will serve as an indirect enlightment campaign to the student, the society and people who wish to choose nursing as a profession or encourage their relations to choose nursing profession.
It will help in maintaining the professional nursing profession by maintaining the professional expectation and responsibilities of the old members.
1.5 Research Question
- What is the level of knowledge of adolescent on nursing profession.
- What are the perceptions of adolescent on choosing nursing as career.
- What are the factors that influence their choice of nursing as career.
1.6 Research Hypothesis
- There is no significant relationship between adolescent knowledge and choosing nursing as career.
- There is no significant relationship between perception of adolescent and choice of nursing as career.
- There is no significant relationship between factors that influence their choice and consideration of nursing as career.
1.7 Scope Delimination of the Study
The study is carried out among adolescents students of S.S.S 3 of selected secondary schools in Ilorin. The selected secondary schools are government girls day secondary school Oko-Erin, government day secondary school Odo-Ekun and Baboko Community Secondary School Ilorin.
1.8 Definition of Terms
Adolescent:
Refers to the transitional years between childhood and adulthood in Human development, generally, referred to as teenage years.
Perception:
Conscious understanding of something.
Career:
One’s calling in life; a person’s occupation; one’s profession.
Choice:
An option, an opportunity to choose or select something.
Nursing:
Is a dynamic caring and helping relationship in which the nurses assist the client to achieves the optimal health
Nurse:
A person who is qualified in the art and science and meet certain prescribed standard of education and clinical competence.
Profession:
Is a calling requiring specialized knowledge and often long and intensive academic preparation.
Secondary School:
A state school attended between the ages of 11 and 16 or 18. It usually follows primary education and leads to either employment or college/ university education.
Student:
A person who studies a particular academic subject.
Chapter Five
5.0 Discussion of Finding
This research was carried out to find out the adolescents perception towards Nursing as a career among S.S.S 3 Students of selected Senior Secondary Schools in Ilorin.
The discussion of findings is based on primary data in which questions were developed on the well-structured questionnaire and distributed to 60 students in selected secondary school in Ilorin which was all retrieved and analyzed.
The study reveals that 27% the respondent agreed that anybody in white dress working in hospital or clinic is a professional nurse, 30% beliefs that any care giver in the hospital is professional nurse while 43% of respondent agree that a person who is clearly registered by is professional is a professional nurse this increase that less than average number of the respondent know who is a professional which is in line with the study of spindole etal 2006 that way school students indicate that the student associate the nurse figure to the assist function and they visualize nurse as an auxiliary of the physical.
The result also revealed that 100% of the respondents were of knowledge that nurses work in the hospital only. This is met in agreement with megan Ruesink (2015) who mentioned eleven (11) places where a registered nurse can work some of which are schools, camps industries emplane. Convert law war zones and military base. The respondents generally shows a positive perception or nursing as found in this study in which 83% of the respondents did not agree that nurses are always local and not recognized in the society, this finds its support in Alexander (2010) in which nurses were seen as valuable members of the health care team, providing a valuable service.
It was also revealed that majority (75%) of respondents agree that nursing profession provide security of employment and steady income and receive excellent medical benefits and because of the nursing field is experiencing a growing shortage of those who prove themselves as excellent registered nurses can enjoy a high level of job security, promotion opportunities and competition benefits among other perks.
72% of the respondents beliefs that nursing is a female profession while 28% were of the contrary belief which is in line with bartfay e tal, (2010) who revealed from his findings that nursing profession is regarded as a career more suitable for female than male and this was revealed from a research carried out in university of Ontario Canada.
72% of respondent would like to be a nurses while 28% will not, This finds it support from Ogunyewo et al (2015) who stated on their study that 46.25% of the respondent would consider nursing as a career. Al-Kandari and lew (2006) also lends support to this finding as their study carried out in Kuwait show that 19% of female high school student interviewed were considered nursing as a career
On a general note, respondent had a positive perception of nursing
The study indicates that 40% of respondents that chose nursing were influenced by their mother as the most influential factor in making a career choice, other influencing factor such as father 23%, friends 5%, school career coucellor17% and self 5% this agree with Sawitrch et al (2012) that found that families, mentors, peers and role model influence career choice among adolescent, And Ahmed Alasweda et al (2009) in their study proof that advice from family, friend, school career master and nurses and interaction with student already enrolled in a nursing education program were found to be common major influencing agent for a student is image of the nursing profession and career choice.
Majority (93%) agree that their culture support nursing career. this is in consonance with the study of Kats, (2007) that opportunity to contribute to the health of One’s culture and be reflective of one’s cultural group has been a recognized motivator in the decision to choose nursing.
5.1 Implication for Nursing
- Nurses should serve as a good role model so as to motivate the adolescent in choosing nursing as a career
- Nurses should have good interpersonal relationship with their client and relatives so as to motivate others to choose the career.
- Nurses should demonstrate high level of intelligence and knowledge of their profession so as to improve the image of nursing profession in the mind of others
- Provision of nursing scholarship by the government will increase the number of nursing student due to high financial cost of training.
5.2 Summary
This research study was carried out to determine adolescent’s perception toward nursing as a career choice among SSS3 student of selected seniors secondary school in Ilorin
The study was necessitated as a result of decreases in the number of student that are choosing nursing as career compare to other health care field.
This study comprises of five chapters. The back group of study, statement of problem objectives of the study, the significant of the study research question, hypothesis and scope of the study were first discussed and words were defined for better understanding.
Related literatures to the topic were reviewed the topics adolescent, Nurses, Nursing, Nursing as a career, Nursing knowledge, Reasons for choosing Nursing career, perception of nursing and factors influencing the choice of nursing career were looked into. Also, the theory of perception was the theory applied to further explain the study.
Descriptive design method was used, questionnaire was the instrument for data collection in which 60 questionnaires was distributed among the target population and valid responses was collected from the respondents and analyzed using simple percentages, tables and chi-square.
The discussion of finding in relation to relevant literature reviewed was done. The implication for nursing, summary, conclusion and recommendation were also done.
Finally, from the finding of this study, it was gathered that adolescent career choose are influenced by many factors , adolescents demonstrates positive perception toward nursing career and more than average number of adolescent would consider nursing as a career.
5.3 Conclusion
This study imuariably follows the global patterns as evidenced in the studies used. It was discovered that majority of the respondent were aware of nursing as a profession, and majority of them would like to be a nurses. The study also revealed that there is a significant relationship between factors that influence adolescent choice and consideration of nursing as career.
The important of the finding is that there should be adequate responses from the concerned to improve on the state of the art of nursing as the provision of quality care to the different segment of population may become a mirage if this is not given the proper attention it deserves.
5.4 Recommendation
- Create awareness about nursing among learners from primary school through to secondary schools using electronic media including entrainment formal teaching and open days for departments of nursing at tertiary institutions.
- Market nursing among potential male learners and demystify the misconception that nursing is a female career.
- Adequate financially supporting environment in choosing nursing as a career through the provision of special funds, bursaries and scholarships towards enhancing nursing education.
5.5 Limitation of the Study
- The study was limited to one geographical area (Ilorin city)of the country while the location and school were purposively chosen
- Career development spans throughout life, but in this study, only secondary pupils were considered.
5.6 Suggestions for Further Studies
The researcher acknowledge the fact that the topic under study was not exhausted. Therefore, the researcher suggest that the following study can still be carried out.
- Attitude of adolescent towards nursing profession
- Factors determining the choice of nursing as a career
- Study can also be carried out on student nurses to know their reasons for choosing nursing profession.
- Image of nursing profession as viewed by secondary school students.


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